TURBINE-2
Download as PPTX, PDF1 like364 views
The document discusses the Francis turbine, which is used for hydroelectric power generation. It is suitable for medium head applications between 45-250 meters. The Francis turbine converts hydraulic energy to mechanical energy via a spiral casing, guide vanes, runner blades, and draft tube. It is one of the most widely used turbines due to its ability to effectively use both water pressure and velocity, resulting in high efficiencies between 80-94%. However, it also has high costs due to its complex design and maintenance requirements.
TURBINE-2
- 1. FRANCIS TURBINE Submitted To : Mr. PM Meena (Professor) Mechanical Engg. Dept. MBM Engg. College Jodhpur Submitted By : Prashant Kumar Soni Rajender Singh Deepak Kumar Kakkad Vinay Agarwal (BE Final Year)
- 2. Used for hydro electric power, i.e. cheapest source of power generation. hydraulic energy mechanical energy electrical energy power generating device
- 3. Pelton wheel turbine Francis turbine Kaplan turbine
- 4. Head and quantity of water available Hydraulic action of water Direction of flow of water in the runner Specific speed of turbines Disposition of the shaft of the runner
- 5. Medium head(45m to 250m) Reaction(K.E.+P.E) mixed flow(radial + axial) medium specific speed(50 to 250) disposition of shaft of runner is vertical
- 7. Penstock-it is a large size conduit which conveys water from upstream to the dam/reservoir to the turbine runner spiral casing- it constitutes a closed passage whose cross section area gradually decrease along flow direction area is maximum at inlet and nearly zero at exit guide vanes-these vanes direct the water on the runner at an angle appropriate to the design, controlled by hand wheel or governor
- 8. Governing mechanism-it changes the position of guide vanes to affect a variation in water flow rate, when the load condition on the turbine changes Runner and runner blades-the driving force on the runner is both due to impulse and reaction effect(usually runner blades 16-24). Draft tube-it is generally an expending tube which discharges the water, passing through the runner to the tail race.
- 9. Hydraulic Efficiency - It is ratio of power developed by the runner of a turbine to the power supplied by the water at the inlet. ηh = Power developed by the runner Power available at the inlet Mechanical Efficiency – It is ratio of power available at the shaft to power developed at the runner. ηm = Power at the shaft of the turbine Power developed by the runner
- 10. • Volumetric Efficiency - It is ratio of volume of the water actually striking the runner to the volume of water supplied to the turbine. • Volumetric efficiency ηv = volume of water striking the bucket volume of water supplied to the turbine • Overall Efficiency - It is ratio of power available at the shaft of the turbine to the power supplied by the water at the inlet of the turbine. • Overall efficiency ηov = Power available to the shaft Power suppied at the inlet Normal overall efficiency ηov = ηv ∙ ηm ∙ ηh
- 14. It is most widely used turbine in world (70-80%). Effective use of water pressure as well as velocity. It is American standard turbine. Very good efficiency (80-94%).
- 15. Cost is high. Due to it’s complex design and large no of moving parts, maintenance and repair is difficult and costly. It is applicable to flow of medium head only.