Tutorial 5
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This document contains questions about gas laws and kinetic theory including: 1. Conversions between Celsius, Fahrenheit, and Kelvin temperatures. 2. Calculating volumes and pressures of gases using the ideal gas law under various conditions. 3. Calculating root-mean-square speeds of gas molecules at different temperatures. 4. Determining the phases of carbon dioxide and water under given pressure and temperature conditions.
Tutorial 5
- 1. Tutorial 5: Gas Laws and Kinetic Theory 26. What are the following temperatures on the Kelvin scale: (a) 86°C (b) 78°F (c) 100º C, (d) 5500°C (e) 459º F? 27. Absolute zero is what temperature on the Fahrenheit scale? 29. If 3.00 m 3 of a gas initially at STP is placed under a pressure of 3.20 atm, the temperature of the gas rises to 38.0°C. What is the volume? 31. Calculate the density of oxygen at STP using the ideal gas law. 32. A storage tank contains 21.6 kg of nitrogen N 2 at an absolute pressure of 3.65 atm. What will the pressure be if the nitrogen is replaced by an equal mass of CO 2 ? 33. A storage tank at STP contains 18.5 kg of nitrogen N 2 . (a) What is the volume of the tank? (b) What is the pressure if an additional 15.0 kg of nitrogen is added without changing the temperature? 34. If 18.75 mol of helium gas is at 10.0°C and a gauge pressure of 0.350 atm. (a) calculate the volume of the helium gas under these conditions. (b) Calculate the temperature if the gas is compressed to precisely half the volume at a gauge pressure of 1.00 atm. 35. What is the pressure inside a 35.0-L container holding 105.0 kg of argon gas at 385 K? 36. A tank contains 26.0 kg of O 2 gas at a gauge pressure of 8.70 atm. If the oxygen is replaced by helium, how many kilograms of the latter will be needed to produce a gauge pressure of 7.00 atm? 39. If 61.5 L of oxygen at 18.0°C and an absolute pressure of 2.45 atm are compressed to 48.8 L and at the PHY210/Ch5/Tutorial/Dec10/AB Page 1
- 2. same time the temperature is raised to 50.0°C, what will the new pressure be? 41. Calculate the number of molecules m 3 in an ideal gas at STP. 42. How many moles of water are there in 1.000 L? How many molecules? 44. A cubic box of volume 5.110 2 m 3 is filled with air at atmospheric pressure at 20°C. The box is closed and heated to 180°C. What is the net force on each side of the box? 47. Calculate the rms speed of helium atoms near the surface of the Sun at a temperature of about 6000 K. 49. A gas is at 20°C. To what temperature must it be raised to double the rms speed of its molecules? 50. Twelve molecules have the following speeds, given in units of km s : 6, 2, 4, 6, 0, 4, 1, 8, 5, 3, 7, and 8. Calculate the rms speed. 52. If the pressure of a gas is doubled while its volume is held constant, by what factor does v rms change? 55. What is the rms speed of nitrogen molecules contained in an 8.5-m 3 volume at 2.1 atm if the total amount of nitrogen is 1300 mol? 56. Calculate (a) the rms speed of an oxygen molecule at 0°C (b) determine how many times per second it would move back and forth across a 7.0-m-long room on the average, assuming it made very few collisions with other molecules. 61. (a) At atmospheric pressure, in what phases can CO 2 exist? (b) For what range of pressures and temperatures can CO 2 be a liquid? Refer to Fig. 13–21. 62. Water is in which phase when the pressure is 0.01 atm and the temperature is (a) 90°C (b) 20º C? PHY210/Ch5/Tutorial/Dec10/AB Page 2