Uml Activity Diagram
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UML Activity Diagrams show the flow of activities and processes within a system. They represent activities as rectangles and can depict conditional or parallel flows. Activity diagrams are used to model the workflow or business process perspective of a system by showing the sequence and flow from one activity to another. Key elements include initial and final activities, decisions, concurrency, and fork/join nodes. Activity diagrams differ from sequence diagrams in that they model activity flow rather than object interactions.
Uml Activity Diagram
- 2. Activity Diagram • Activity is a particular operation of the system. • An Activity diagram is a dynamic diagram that shows the activity and the event that causes the object to be in the particular state. • The diagrams describe the state of activities by showing the sequence of activities performed. • Activity diagrams can show activities that are conditional or parallel.
- 3. Activity Diagram • The purposes of Activity diagram can be described as: –Draw the activity flow of a system. –Describe the sequence from one activity to another. –Describe the parallel, branched and concurrent flow of the system.
- 4. Elements in Activity Diagram Initial Activity: This shows the starting point or first activity of the flow. Denoted by a solid circle. This is similar to the notation used for Initial State. Activity: Represented by a rectangle with rounded (almost oval) edges. Decisions: Similar to flowcharts, a logic where a decision is to be made is depicted by a diamond, with the options written on either sides of the arrows emerging from the diamond, within box brackets.
- 5. Elements in Activity Diagram Concurrent Activities: Some activities occur simultaneously or in parallel. Such activities are called concurrent activities. For example, listening to the lecturer and looking at the blackboard is a parallel activity. This is represented by a horizontal split (thick dark line) and the two concurrent activities next to each other, and the horizontal line again to show the end of the parallel activity.
- 6. Elements in Activity Diagram • Fork and Join Nodes Forks and joins have the same notation: either a horizontal or vertical bar (the orientation is dependent on whether the control flow is running left to right or top to bottom). They indicate the start and end of concurrent threads of control. The following diagram shows an example of their use.
- 7. Elements in Activity Diagram • Decision and Merge Nodes Decision nodes and merge nodes have the same notation: a diamond shape. They can both be named. The control flows coming away from a decision node will have guard conditions which will allow control to flow if the guard condition is met. The following diagram shows use of a decision node and a merge node.
- 8. Join node vs Merge node • A join is different from a merge in that the join synchronizes two inflows and produces a single outflow. The outflow from a join cannot execute until all inflows have been received. A merge passes any control flows straight through it.
- 11. • The following diagram is drawn with the four main activities: • Send order by the customer • Receipt of the order • Confirm order • Dispatch order • After receiving the order request condition checks are performed to check if it is normal or special order. After the type of order is identified dispatch activity is performed and that is marked as the termination of the process.
- 15. Activity Diagram vs. Other Diagrams • Other diagrams are used to show the message flow from one object to another but activity diagram is used to show message flow from one activity to another. • Activity diagrams are mainly used as a flow chart consists of activities performed by the system. But activity diagram are not exactly a flow chart as they have some additional capabilities. These additional capabilities include branching, parallel flow etc.
- 16. Sequence diagram vs. Activity Diagram Sequence diagrams describe interactions among objects in terms of an exchange of messages over time. Sequence diagrams show a detailed flow for a specific use case or even just part of a specific use case. Activity diagrams illustrate the dynamic nature of a system by modeling the flow of control from activity to activity. An activity represents an operation on some class in the system that results in a change in the state of the system.
Editor's Notes
- #3: The diagram below shows a super-state. Both the Checking and Dispatching states can transition into the Canceled state, so a transition is shown from a super-state named Active to the state Cancel. By contrast, the state Dispatching can only transition to the Delivered state, so we show an arrow only from the Dispatching state to the Delivered state.
- #10: the first activity is to get dressed to leave for the lecture. A decision then has to be made, depending on the time available for the lecture to start, and the timings of the public trains (metra). If there is sufficient time to catch the train, then take the train; else, flag down a cab to the University. The final activity is to actually attend the lecture, after which the Activity diagram terminates.
- #11: A possible activity diagram for processing an order. The diagram shows the flow of actions in the system's workflow. Once the order is received the activities split into two parallel sets of activities. One side fills and sends the order while the other handles the billing. On the Fill Order side, the method of delivery is decided conditionally. Depending on the condition either the Overnight Delivery activity or the Regular Delivery activity is performed. Finally the parallel activities combine to close the order.
- #14: First, you enter the dates. Once you submit your desired flight plan, you can enter your personal information and at the same time the system could be searching availability. The system flow then joins back into one and you can select the specific flight on the dates you want to fly. This activity diagram gives you two different paths dependent on whether you are using reward points. After entering payment information, the system performs two processes at the same time and then sends out a confirmation email.
- #15: The activity diagram shows a typical event or class registration process for a client. This diagram uses notes to give more details about the initial and final states. After filling out the registration form, the client submits the form to a validation loop that is represented as a decision in the flow. If the information is correct, the system creates an account for the client and lets the client know about the creation of the account.