Unit 01
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Management involves coordinating organizational resources and directing human efforts to accomplish goals. It is a process that includes planning, organizing, directing, and controlling. Managers perform these functions to optimize efficiency and ensure goals are met. Effective management allows organizations to function smoothly and adapt to changing business environments.
Unit 01
- 1. COURSE CODE:: MP101 Course ::Management theory and Practice Unit -1::NATURE AND SCOPE OF MANAGEMENT
- 2. OBJECTIVES Explain the concept of management Discuss the evolution of management Learn the management process Draw differences between management and administration Highlight the role of managers
- 3. INTRODUCTION Management refers to a process or science of organizing resources and directing human efforts for the successful accomplishment of organizational goals and objectives. In other words, management can be defined as a universal phenomenon that involves making optimum utilization of available resources to achieve predetermined goals. The main objective of management is to draw maximum output out of minimum efforts and resources. Therefore, it is essential for organizations to inculcate an efficient management process. Effective management helps in ensuring the smooth and coordinated functioning of an organization, which, in turn, increases the overall organizational productivity. In addition, it enables an organization to keep pace with changes in the dynamic business environment. The overall efficiency of management depends on the skills and abilities of managers. The functioning of today’s modern organizations is influenced by the efficiency of managers to a large extent. The main role of managers is to encourage, guide, and supervise employees to work toward the fulfillment of organizational goals and objectives. They are also responsible for integrating and synchronizing organizational resources in such a manner so that organizations can achieve their purposes. An ideal manager should possess various skills, such as technical skills, conceptual skills, and communication skills.
- 4. CONCEPT OF MANAGEMENT Management consists in guiding human and physical resources into dynamic, hard-hitting organization unit that attains its objectives to the satisfaction of those served and with a high degree of morale and sense of attainment on the part of those rendering the service.-- Lawrence A. Appley Management is the coordination of all resources through the process of planning, organizing, directing, and controlling in order to attain stated objectives. -- Henry L. Sisk
- 5. NEED FOR MANAGEMENT Achievement of Goals Optimum Utilization of Resources Cost Minimization Survival and Growth Employment Generation Development of the Nation
- 7. EVOLUTION OF MANAGEMENT Evolution of management thoughts can be drawn around 100 years ago, which is continuing till date. The history of management evolution shows that several approaches are designed for understanding the concept of management. Following are the basic schools of thought broadly developed: Classical School of Thought Scientific School of Thought Behavioral School of Thought Modern Approach to Management
- 9. MANAGEMENT vs. ADMINISTRATION Differences Administration Management Nature It is a determinative or thinking function It is an executive or doing function Type of Work It is concerned with the determination of major objectives and policies It is concerned with the implementation of policies Levels of Authority It is a mainly top level function It is largely a middle and lower level function Influence Administrative decisions are influenced mainly by public opinion Influenced by objectives and policies of the organization
- 10. MANAGEMENT vs. ADMINISTRATION (CONTD.) Direction of Human Efforts It is not directly concerned with the direction of human efforts It is actively concerned with the direction of human efforts Main Functions Planning and controlling are the main functions involved in it Directing and organizing are the main functions involved in it Skills Required Conceptual and human skills Technical and human skills Usage Usage largely in government and public sector Used mainly in business organizations
- 11. MANAGERS-EXECUTORS OF MANAGEMENT The basic responsibility of managers is to encourage employees to work for the achievement of the set organizational goals and objectives. Managers while carrying out the activities to achieve organizational goals and objectives, influence the attitude of employees regarding their work.
- 13. Styles of Manager s Entreprene ur Style Conservativ e Style Scientific Style Professiona l Style STYLES OF MANAGERS
- 14. QUALITIES OF A GOOD MANAGER The roles and responsibilities of a manager depend on the scope of activities being managed by him/her. Following are the responsibilities of a manager: Making timely and accurate decisions Coordinating with different levels in the organization Administering and managing the performance of employees Analyzing the performance of subordinates and providing feedback Striving to achieve business goals and departmental objectives Contributing in various organizational activities, such as selection, career management, and training and development of employees Determining the compensation and reward systems Ensuring adherence to quality standards Following the rules and regulations of the organization Focusing on wealth maximization
- 15. SUMMARY Management is a process of creating and maintaining an environment in which individuals work together to achieve predefined goals by making the optimum utilization of all the available resources. Management process is a set of interrelated activities that are carried out together in a particular order for the purpose of attaining predefined organizational goals and objectives. In organizational context, manager can be defined as an individual who performs the four management functions, namely, planning, organizing, directing, and controlling. Mangers should be highly skilled in handling and managing changes in internal and external business environment of an organization. © Dreamtech Press