Unit 1
- 1. UNIT 1: SCANNING Unit objective: At the end of the unit students should be able to read text quickly to locate specific information in a text. Topic 1.1: What is scanning? Learning objective: At the end of the topic students will be able to identify general information in a text. The reading skills are very important when you need to read quickly for information. Scanning is a technique you often use when looking up a word in the telephone book or dictionary. You search for key words or ideas. In most cases, you know what you're looking for, so you're concentrating on finding a particular answer. Scanning involves moving your eyes quickly down the page seeking specific words and phrases. Scanning is also used when you first find a resource to determine whether it will answer your questions. Once you've scanned the document, you might go back and skim it.
- 2. • Topic 1.2: Improving reading speed. • Learning objective: At the end of the class students will be able to read materials more quickly and concisely • Use scanning to help you find information quickly. Here are some tips to help you improve and maintain your scanning speed without reading the text in any depth. • Note the arrangement of the information: • Begin by previewing the material if you don't already have a "map" (a mental outline or visualization) of how it is structured. • Use the index/heading/bold type etc. to find the information you require. • For scanning more complex material, you'll need a thorough prior knowledge of the material: the organization, the content, stylistic devices, and rules of rhetoric and logic.
- 3. In the case of a telephone directory, for example, you know the white pages are arranged alphabetically according to last names. Using the guide words at the top of the page, you can locate the correct page quickly and being immediately to scan the alphabetical arrangement of names. Alphabetical arrangements: resource material such as a dictionary, the index of a book, guides and reference listings televisión listings Day and time historical data and tables month and year - chronologically sports pages by categories: baseball, football, tennis, etc. best seller lists numerically according to number of copies sold
- 4. Prose Material: articles in newspapers and magazines, sections in encyclopedias or other reference materials Whatever the source of reference you are using, you can be sure it is arranged in some logical way. In order to save reading time, it is important for you to know the arrangement of the material in the resource you are using. Therefore, to prepare for scanning, you must take a few minutes to discover the organizational pattern. This will give you a general idea of the order of ideas and topics. Once you understand the arrangement of thoughts in the selection, you will be better able to predict where the information you want may be located, and you can quickly and efficiently find what you need. Keep clue words in mind: Know your specific question and understand it. Create a mental image of the fact, word, or phrase for which you are scanning. If the fact, word, or phrase does not appear, be ready to look for synonyms or closely related ideas. Use clues provided by the author. Stay alert and keep that clear idea in your mind (repeating it to yourself if necessary) as you scan quickly through the text to find the necessary information.
- 5. Speed and Accuracy: Move your eyes in a scanning pattern and don't stop to read until you find the specific information you are looking for Your goal should be 100% accuracy Use hand/finger movement to help you to move swiftly down the page. This will help you to ignore whole blocks of information which are not relevant to your question. "Unfocusing your eyes" or using a soft focus may help you to avoid irrelevant material and see the information you want more quickly. Try this interesting slide show to help you get the idea.
- 6. Topic 1.3 : Why scan? Learning objective: at the end of this topic students will be able to know when scan and how to scan In simple material: to find particular names, facts, words, numbers, and specific information In less simple material: to find services, data, resources, when exact wording is not available In complex material: to visualize and follow an argument, style, reasons, motifs, patterns, support for inference, evidence of sound logic/ reasoning, evidence of faulty reasoning, propaganda, and/or bias On the web: Scanning is a method often employed to sift through the plethora of information available on the web. Check out this site that attempts to explain the differences between reading text and reading on the web. Has the author accurately described your website reading techniques? When and how is scanning useful as a study reading strategy for college students? As a student, you will find scanning to be a valuable skill for locating information in reference materials.
- 7. Scanning is also a fast and efficient way to locate or review material in your textbooks. Scanning enables you to locate the section you need quickly so that you may spend your time re-reading the relevant material more carefully. When students face a new text they tend to read word by word. This way of reading affects the general understanding of the passage, and the time taken to finish the reading can be too long for the final results. The students can end up reading every word very well, but in the long run the idea of what they have read is lost. To avoid this loss of time and effort a reader can use scanning to help. This type of scanning consists on running your eyes down the text, searching for important or key words, as well as the most outstanding facts. Scanning can be a preliminary step in reading because with it you can locate new terms, look them up in a dictionary or a glossary and save time when you actually begin to read. This type of scanning should not take more than a couple of minutes. After that you must decide which terms are the most important and which part of the reading deserves more attention. Do not forget that this is only a comprehension technique designed to help you get into the reading, in order to interpret the author's intentions and ideas it is important to read the whole text ,and then your analysis of it must be done with more attention to detail.