Unit 1 3
Download as PPT, PDF1 like499 views
This document discusses verbal and nonverbal communication across cultures. It covers key components of language including semantics, syntactics, and pragmatics. It also examines language functions like group identity and cognitive reality. Nonverbal communication styles are explored, including high and low context cultures as well as direct and indirect styles. Finally, it analyzes different types of nonverbal behaviors such as kinesics, proxemics, haptics, and paralanguage.
Unit 1 3
- 1. Unit 1-3 Verbal and Nonverbal Communication in Cultures
- 3. Language Symbol system used by cultures to communicate.
- 4. Components of Language
- 5. Semantics Study of how words communicate the intended meanings.
- 6. Syntactics Study of language, structure/grammar, or the combining of words into a meaningful sentences.
- 7. Pragmactics The way meaning is constructed in relation to receivers, and how language is actually used in particular contexts in language communities.
- 8. Phonetics Study of the sound system of a language.
- 9. Language and Meaning
- 10. Osgood’s Semantic Differential
- 11. Evaluative Dimension The degree to which one feels a word has a good or bad meaning. ex. cuss words
- 12. Potency Dimension The degree to which a word evokes a strong or weak dimension. ex. Jerk vs. Bastard
- 13. Activity Dimension The amount of energy (fast or slow) a word evokes. ex. Jerk vs. Bastard
- 15. Group Identity Helps us know who we belong to – group identification
- 16. Perceptual Filter Language helps us analyze what happens to us.
- 17. Cognitive Reality We think through language.
- 18. Status & Intimacy Language helps us know our place in the hierarchy. Different classes use different language structures.
- 19. Creativity Function Humans are creative through and understand creativity through language.
- 21. Low/High Context Low: Little external information to the message is needed for communication to occur. High: A lot of external information to the message is needed for communication to occur.
- 22. Direct/Indirect Direct: People say what they mean directly. Indirect: people go around the bush.
- 25. Talk vs. Silence
- 26. Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis Language shapes our ideas & guides our view of social reality.
- 27. Three Contentions Language plays a very important role in the totality of culture. Language should be examined in both its structural and its semantic aspects, which are inseparable.
- 28. Three Contentions The manner of speech found in language provides a partial description of the speakers’ thought world and can be used to measure and understand what we can of the macrocosm.
- 29. Macrocosm cont… Language Shapes Reality Grammatical structure of a language shapes and constitutes one’s thought process. Vocabularies differ because our cognitive understanding of the world around us differs. Language serves as a mediating link between thoughts and our cultural reality.
- 31. Nonverbal Expectancy Violation Theory (Burgoon, 1992)
- 32. 1) Humans have competing approach and avoidance needs. 2) Communicators evaluate the reward potential of others.
- 33. 3) Communicators develop expectations about the nonverbal behaviors of others. 4) Nonverbal behaviors have associated evaluations ranging from extremely positive to extremely negative.
- 34. 5) Nonverbal behaviors have socially recognized meaning.
- 35. Types of Nonverbal Behaviors
- 36. Physical Appearance/ Artifacts Emperor Claudius’ 3rd Wife Messalina
- 37. Food binding
- 38. Mangbettu
- 39. Padaung Women in Burma
- 40. Masai Masai men use a combination of blue clay and other materials to create their intricate hair styles.
- 41. Cultural Fashion Today Piercings
- 42. Cultural Fashion Today Tattoos
- 44. Territoriality Our immediate space
- 45. Edward T. Hall’s (1966) notions Fixed Feature Semifixed Feature Dynamic Feature
- 46. Proxemics Our distance between two or more people.
- 47. Edward T. Hall’s (1966) notions Intimate distance (0 – 1.5 feet) Personal distance (1.5 – 4 feet) Social distance (4 – 12 feet) Public distance (12 – 25 feet)
- 48. Occlusics
- 49. Time Orientation Monochronic Polychronic
- 50. Facial Expressions SADFISH
- 51. Sadness Anger Disgust Fear Interest Surprise Happiness
- 52. Haptics Touch
- 53. Paralanguage Nonverbal Linguistic components.