Operating systems act as an interface between users and computer hardware, providing functions like allowing multiple users and applications to run simultaneously. There are different types of operating systems including desktop, server, and mobile operating systems. Desktop operating systems are recommended for personal use and come with advantages and disadvantages depending on preferences, such as Windows being easy to use but less stable than Linux. Server operating systems are designed for multi-user environments and providing services like file sharing, web servers, and email. Mobile operating systems control functions on devices like smartphones and tablets, with popular examples being Android and iOS.