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PERSONALITY & CONSUMER CHOICES
PERSONALITY
Personality is an individual's distinctive physiological and
psychological element that affects behavior in the individual
and social environment.
Shiffman and Kanuk, 2006
ACTIVITY
ACTIVITY
ELEMENTS OF PERSONALITY
Divergent
Intrinsic
Characterstics
Rigidity
Stability
for short
time
Pre-
determined
Family
Cycle
Unusal Situation
Flexible
THEORIES OF PERSONALITY
What is one dominant personality trait that defines you?
SINGLE TRAIT THEORY
This theory states that one personality trait of an individual determines the
behavior of individuals. This trait of the consumer facilitates our
understanding of behavior in a specific and distinct situation. This is especially
so in the case of consumption patterns
Furnham, 1990
EXAMPLE
Consumers high in uniqueness avoid mainstream brands and seek
customization.
NIKE ID
Flagship Killer
ACTIVITY
Harley-Davidson custom bikes
Splendor
ACTIVITY
Harley-Davidson custom bikes
Splendor
Mass Marketing
Customised Marketing
ACTIVITY
ACTIVITY
ACTIVITY
ACTIVITY
Customized product buyers → Need
for uniqueness, status-conscious, self-
expressive.
Mass-market product buyers →
Practical, budget-conscious, brand-
loyal, convenience-driven.
ACTIVITY
Adventurous
Tech
Savvy
Luxury
Saver
Eco
Friendly
ACTIVITY
Adventurous
Outgoing, Risk-Taker,
Experience-Seeker
Nike,
Red
Bull,
GoPro,
Airbnb
ACTIVITY
Analytical, Curious, Trendsetter
Tech
Savvy
Apple,
Tesla,
OnePlus,
Sony
ACTIVITY
Status-Seeker, Detail-Oriented,
Prestige-Oriented
Luxury
Saver
Gucci,
Rolex,
Mercedes,
Louis
Vuitton
ACTIVITY
Conscious, Minimalist, Ethical
Eco
Friendly
Patagonia,
TATA,
Body
Shop,
Starbucks
(Reusable
Cups)
ACTIVITY
Identify which persona you
relate to the most and why.
Discuss in pairs if they believe brands use
multiple traits to segment consumers.
ACTIVITY
Do you relate to only one of these personas, or
do you see yourself as a mix of two or more
Do brands market their products to just
one personality type or a mix of them?
CHECK YOUR PERSONALITY
MULTIPLE TRAIT THEORY
Multiple-Trait Theory suggests that a combination of personality
traits (rather than a single dominant trait) influences consumer
behavior.
A person who buys Tesla isn’t just tech-savvy; they might also be
eco-conscious and status-driven.
MULTIPLE TRAIT THEORY
The theory states that the personality of individuals is
developed by the comprehensive integration of all traits in
an individual
Kardes, Cline & Cronley, 2014
MULTIPLE TRAIT THEORY
This theory, also known as the Five-Factor theory, focuses
on five fundamental traits.
Extroversion
Instability
Agreeableness
Openess
Conscientiousness
Multiple traits of individuals influence their orientation towards brands and
products.
DISCUSSION
How do brands use multiple
traits to target consumers?
DISCUSSION
DISCUSSION
Innovative + Status-Seeking + Trendsetter
→ Targets consumers who want exclusivity
and high-tech products.
DISCUSSION
DISCUSSION
Adventurous + Competitive + Motivated →
Targets athletes, fitness enthusiasts, and
active individuals.
DISCUSSION
DISCUSSION
Social + Lifestyle-Oriented + Ethical →
Appeals to people who value community,
sustainability, and quality.
WRAPPING IT UP
Think of a brand you love. What
combination of personality traits do you
think it targets?
WHAT DRIVES YOUR PURCHASE
Luxury Sports Car
A
Practical,
Budget-Friendly
Car
Healthy Organic Food
WHAT DRIVES YOUR PURCHASE
Which product would you choose and why?
Is your choice driven by impulse, logic, or ethics
FREUDIAN THEORY OF PERSONALITY
According to Freud and Strachey (1962), personality is structured into three parts:
Freud & Strachey,1962
Id 🧠(Pleasure-Seeker)
Unconscious desires,
instincts, and pleasure-
driven decisions.
Impulse buying, luxury
purchases, hedonic
consumption.
FREUDIAN THEORY OF PERSONALITY
According to Freud and Strachey (1962), personality is structured into three parts:
Freud & Strachey,1962
Ego ⚖️(Reality Balancer)
Rational decision-maker
that balances desires and
practicality.
Logical purchases, value-
for-money products.
FREUDIAN THEORY OF PERSONALITY
According to Freud and Strachey (1962), personality is structured into three parts:
Freud & Strachey,1962
Superego 🌍(Moral
Compass)
Driven by ethics, social
responsibility, and
morality.
Ethical consumption,
sustainability-focused
buying.
ACTIVITY
Categorize the brands into Id, Ego, or Superego based on their marketing
strategies.
ACTIVITY
ID
Emotional, Motivational, Risk-Taking
CHALLENGES RELATED TO PERSONALITY
B
r
a
n
d
P
e
r
s
o
n
a
:
A
s
e
t
o
f
p
e
r
s
o
n
a
l
i
t
y
traits that a brand expresses consistently tpo connect with customers
Origin of product: referes to the region whichco
n
s
u
m
e
r
s
a
s
s
o
c
i
a
t
e
w
i
t
h
b
r
a
n
d
s
ACTIVITY
Categorize the brands into Id, Ego, or Superego based on their marketing
strategies.
ACTIVITY
EGO
Balancing sustainability with affordability

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