Unit 4 lesson 1 from isolation to involvement
- 1. Unit 4, Lesson 1
- 2. Objectives • Understand the course of the early years of World War II in Europe. • Describe Franklin Roosevelt’s foreign policy in the mid-1930s and the great debate between interventionists and isolationists. • Explain how the United States became more involved in the conflict.
- 3. Terms and People Blitzkrieg − lightning war Winston Churchill − British prime minister during World War II Neutrality Act of 1939 − American law that allowed nations at war to buy U.S. arms if they paid cash and carried them away on their own ships Tripartite Pact − three-party agreement establishing an alliance between Germany, Italy, and Japan Lend-Lease Act − American law that allowed the U.S. to lend, lease, sell, or otherwise provide aid to other nations if doing so helped in the defense of the United States.
- 4. How did Americans react to events in Europe and Asia in the early years of World War II? Americans were shocked by Japanese and German aggression. Yet they remained deeply divided over American involvement in another war— especially as they fought the despair of the Great Depression.
- 5. Hopes for peace in Europe faded as it became clear that efforts to appease Hitler had failed. • Hitler violated the Munich Pact, taking over the remainder of Czechoslovakia • Germany launched a series of attacks on its neighbors marked by speed and massive firepower—a blitzkrieg, or “lightning war.”
- 6. Poland, Denmark, Norway, and the Netherlands fell. So, too, did France.
- 7. Hitler then turned his fury on Britain. The Battle of The British hid Despite Britain was in shelters terrible waged in the and darkened destruction, air as pilots homes as the British fought for bombs rained held on. control of the down. skies.
- 8. Europe was again at war. In time, major powers around the world joined in alliances. Axis Powers Allies • Germany • Britain • Italy • France • Japan • Soviet Union • United States • China
- 9. German Aggression, 1936-1941 Many feared that Hitler was unstoppable.
- 11. In the early days of the war, Congress declared neutrality. But as the war raged on in Europe, the United States began to take steps to support Europe’s democracies. • The Neutrality Act of 1939 contained a cash- and-carry provision favoring the Allies. • The Selective Service Act provided for a military draft. • FDR agreed to give Britain battleships in exchange for defense bases.
- 12. Not everyone agreed with FDR’s pro-Allies position. A loud debate soon raged between isolationists and interventionists.
- 13. As conditions worsened overseas, Roosevelt described what was at stake in an address to Congress. He highlighted • freedom of speech four freedoms • freedom of worship precious to Americans. • freedom from want • freedom from fear All of these freedoms, he argued, were threatened by German and Japanese militarism.
- 15. Congress then took another step to aid the British. The Lend-Lease Act, symbolically numbered 1776, amounted to an economic declaration of war. Many people, however, remained divided over American involvement in the war.
- 16. In 1941, Roosevelt and British prime minister Winston Churchill signed the Atlantic Charter, deepening the alliance between the two nations. German submarines began to fire on American ships supporting the Allies. Roosevelt ordered the navy to attack the U-boats on sight. War seemed inevitable.
- 17. QuickTake Quiz Know It, Show It Quiz Section Review: http://www.watchcartoononline.com /family-guy-episode-703-road-to- germany
Editor's Notes
- #6: Tank photo pg. 780 Woman crying photo p g. 781
- #7: Tank photo pg. 780 Woman crying photo p g. 781
- #8: People in train station photo pg. 783 Milkman photo pg. 783
- #9: People in train station photo pg. 783 Milkman photo pg. 783
- #12: Photo of Edward R. Murrow pg. 783
- #13: Photo of Edward R. Murrow pg. 783
- #14: Poster photo pg. 787
- #17: FDR and Churchill photo pg. 786