Unit 01 - Introduction
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This document discusses web-based systems and how they are built. It defines a web-based system as a software system based on World Wide Web Consortium standards that provides web resources like content and services through a web browser. It categorizes different types of web-based systems based on complexity. It also outlines key characteristics of web-based systems, common technologies used to build them like programming languages and frameworks, and considerations for the web engineering process.
Unit 01 - Introduction
- 1. Web-Based Systems: Initial Questions What is a Web-Based System? How is it build? dsbw 2011/2012 q1 1
- 2. What Is a Web-Based System? “A software system based on technologies and standards of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) that provides Web specific resources such as content and services through a user interface, the Web browser” (Kappel et al.) Therefore, this definition excludes: Web sites without software components (e.g. static HTML pages) Web services Web-Based System = Web Application dsbw 2011/2012 q1 2
- 3. Categories of Web-Based Systems Ubiquitous Semantic-Web COMPLEXITY Social-Web Collaborative Workflow- Based Portal- Transactional Oriented Interactive Document- Centric DEVELOPMENT HISTORY dsbw 2011/2012 q1 3
- 4. Characteristics of Web-Based Systems Network intensiveness Internet Intranet Global reach and Unpredictability Who are the users? Usage patterns Backgrounds: language, culture, age, education, ... How many users? Potential / Occasional / Frequent users Concurrency: average, peaks Competition and Differentiation dsbw 2011/2012 q1 4
- 5. Characteristics of Web-Based Systems Space / Time Internationalization Location-aware services Availability Hypertext No-linearity Navigation Content-driven Document-centric Multimedia dsbw 2011/2012 q1 5
- 6. Characteristics of Web-Based Systems Look and feel Usability Accessibility Aesthetics Continuous Evolution Security dsbw 2011/2012 q1 6
- 7. Technologies for Web-Based Systems Web Standards HTTP, HTML, XML, CSS, etc Programming Languages: PHP, Javascript, Perl, Java, C#, etc Component Frameworks: J2EE: Servlets, JSP, EJB .NET: ASP.NET Web Frameworks: PHP: Symfony, Mojavi, CakePHP, Prado, etc Java: Struts, Spring, Tapestry, Turbine, Webworks, etc Security: Firewalls, Cryptography, Authentication dsbw 2011/2012 q1 7
- 8. Web Engineering “Web Engineering is the application of systematic and quantifiable approaches (concepts, methods, techniques, tools) to cost-effective requirements analysis, design, implementation, testing, operation, and maintenance of high- quality Web applications”. (Kappel et al.) A Web Engineering Process must accommodate Incremental delivery Frequent changes Short timeline Therefore, An incremental process model should be used in virtually all situations (e.g. RUP) An agile process model is appropriate in many situations dsbw 2011/2012 q1 8
- 9. The Web Engineering Process Acceptance test Coding Customer’sfeedback Component testing Release Design models Analysis models Umbrella activites Business analysis Vision document Change management Iteration plan Quality assurance Risk management Project management dsbw 2011/2012 q1 9
- 10. Web Engineering: Techniques and Tools Communication among participants Formal/informal meetings, documentation, e-mail, demos, project management tools, etc. Requirements elicitation Communication with stakeholders, vision documents, use cases, CASE tools, etc. Modeling UML artifacts, design patterns, CASE tools, etc. Construction Programming techniques, code editors, compilers, version management, installers, IDE, open source code, etc. Testing Strategies, tools, etc. dsbw 2011/2012 q1 10
- 11. Web Engineering: The People Domain experts Content developers/providers Web editors Web engineers: We! Support team System evolution: patches, adaptations, improvements Administrator (webmaster) Statistics, tuning, security, etc dsbw 2011/2012 q1 11
- 12. References R. G. Pressman, D. Lowe: Web Engineering. A Practitioner’s Approach. McGraw Hill, 2008. Chapters 1-2. KAPPEL, Gerti et al: Web Engineering. Wiley, 2006. Chapter 1. dsbw 2011/2012 q1 12