Unnikrishnan.p.m
- 1. WELCOME
- 2. ERIKSON’S PSYCHO–SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT UNNIKRISHNAN.P.M
- 4. BACKGROUND Born in Germany in 1902 Greatly influenced by Anna Freud Studied Psycho Analysis Professor in various universities Died in 1994 at Harwich
- 5. MAJOR WRITINGS Childhood and Society Gandhi’s Truth (Pulitzer prize) Identity youth and crisis Adulthood Identity and the life cycle Young man Luther
- 6. PSYCHO SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT Devel opment of an individual is the result of his int eraction with social environment Guideline for child development Conceptualised development as psycho social Development according to a pre set plan called ‘Epigenetic Principle’
- 7. Human development proceeds through eight stages of development. Resolution of a stage lays the foundation for negotiating the challenges of the next. Emphasis on society, relationships and interaction with people.
- 8. STAGES OF PSYCHO-SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
- 9. stage 1 Approximate age : Birth to 18 months Psychological crisis : Trust / mistrust Significant relationship : Maternal Person.
- 10. FEATURES Mother is the important person and the infant depends on her for food & affection. Ego-strength-hope.
- 11. IMPLICATIONS Parents should ensure a trusting relationship with the child. Satisfying the needs develops trust. Anxiousness and anger develops mistrust.
- 12. Stage 2 Approximate age : 18 months to 3 year Psychological crisis : Self autonomy /doubt. Significant relationship : Parental persons.
- 13. FEATURES Growing mobility Independence Language acquisition Ego-strength-will
- 14. IMPLICATIONS Development of early trust is necessary Deserves particular attention Give more opportunities to strengthen his capabilities Value the things the child makes
- 15. Stage 3 Psychological crisis : Initiative / guilt. Significant relationship : Basic Family. Approximate age : 3 to 6 years.
- 16. FEATURES Takes initiative in interacting with the environment Resolution of Oedipus or Electra Complex Ego strength- Purpose.
- 17. IMPLICATIONS Create a playful atmosphere Value children's play and talk to them about their play. Do not punish for their initiative ness.
- 18. Stage 4 Psychological crisis : Industry inferiority Significant relationship : Neighbourhood /school Approximate age : 6 to 12 years
- 19. FEATURES Children seek to establish a clear identity Children learn various skills Ego strength- Competence.
- 20. IMPLICATIONS Do not unthinkingly share his failures to others Praise them for doing their best and encourage to finish task Strengthen the school environment
- 21. Stage 5 Approximate age : 12 to 18 year Psychological crisis : Identity / role confusion Significant relationship : peer groups / models of leadership
- 22. FEATURES Children seek to establish a clear identity Begins with puberty Role confusion Ego strength- Fidelity
- 23. IMPLICATIONS Prevent them from unlimited imaginations Assign duties and responsibilities Help the students to identify their roles that are socially acceptable and give reinforcement.
- 24. Stage 6 Approximate age : 20 to 40 (young adulthood) Psychological crisis : Intimacy / Isolation Significant relationship : Partners in Friendship, sex, co-operation
- 25. FEATURES Selection of a mate Harmonious relationships Ego-strength- Love
- 26. IMPLICATIONS Develop harmonious relationship Develop the habit- To love and to work
- 27. Stage 7 Approximate age : 40-65 (middle adulthood ) Psychological crisis : Generativity / self absorption. Significant relationship : Divided labor & shared household
- 28. FEATURES Interest in establishing and guiding the next generation. Focus on career and family Ego-strength-Care
- 29. IMPLICATIONS Be active in home and community
- 30. Stage 8 Approximate age : Late adulthood Psychological crisis : Integrity/ Despair Significant relationship : “Mankind
- 31. FEATURES Sense of mortality Time of introspection Ego-strength- Wisdom
- 32. IMPLICATIONS Introspection is necessary Listen to elderly people.
- 34. THANK YOU