Use of non metallic e-waste as a coarse aggregate in a concrete

IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology eISSN: 2319-1163 | pISSN: 2321-7308
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Volume: 04 Issue: 03 | Mar-2015, Available @ http://www.ijret.org 242
USE OF NON-METALLIC E-WASTE AS A COARSE AGGREGATE IN A
CONCRETE
Pravin A. Manatkar1
, Ganesh P.Deshmukh2
1
Student of M.E (Structural Engineering), PLITMS College Buldana, Maharashtra, India
2
Associate Professor, Civil Engineering Department, PLITMS College Buldana, Maharashtra, India
Abstract
Generation of e- waste is a very serious issue in world. In year 2014 produce near about 650000MT of e-waste in India that
includes all waste electronics and electrical equipment( TVs, computers, sound systems, refrigerators etc) .This waste not
dispose properly finally they affect environment and human health and also create storage problem. This waste is to be utilizing
as coarse aggregate in concrete. It is helpful to avoid pollution and provide replacing material to coarse aggregate. In this paper
shows analysis of compressive strength of M20 and M25 grade of concrete by replacing coarse aggregate by adding non metallic
e-waste in 0% to20% and it is observed that some percent non metallic e-waste can be use as a coarse aggregate in concrete.
Keywords: Compressive strength, E-waste, Pollution.
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1. INTRODUCTION
E-waste is nothing but discarded electronics and electrical
equipment.80 to 85% of various electronic products
discarded in landfills or incinerators which can involve or
release certain toxics gases into air, may affect human
health and environment. The extreme amount of lead in
electronics alone causes damage in the central and
peripheral nervous system, the blood and kidneys of human
being. Only 12.5% of e-waste is currently recycled also
Storage of waste is a big problem in India. As per Rajah
Sabah analysis 2011 India is topmost country to produce e-
waste in yearly. So to avoid pollution and protect
environment there is a need to utilize the waste in various
purpose. Best way to utilized in concrete as a coarse
aggregate.
E –waste was crushed in various sizes and sieve through
4.75mm, 10mm, and 20mm.Then various tests were carried
out on it i.e. crushing value, abrasion value, impact value
and it was positive. Finally it can use to replace coarse
aggregate in concrete in various percentage i.e. 5%, 10%,
15%, 20%, 25%.Marked M20 and M25 grade of concrete
block of size 150mmX150mmX150mm each of 2 block for
7days,14days,28days test. Test is carried out on
compressive testing machine having loading capacity
2000KN.
2. MATERIAL
2.1 Cement
As per IS 1489- 1991 for making concrete cube 43 grade
ordinary Portland cement was used. Various tests were
conducted on this cement their result shown in table
1.Cement purchased from near store. It is in good condition
and free from lumps.
Table 1: Properties of Cement
Properties of
Cement
Test Result As per IS 1489-
1991
Requirement
Standard
consistency
29.1 -
Initial setting
time
41minutes Max. 30 minutes
Final setting
time
360 minutes Max. 600 minutes
Compressive
strength after
3days in N/mm2
29.5 23 N/mm2
Compressive
strength after
7days in N/mm2
37.2 33 N/mm2
Compressive
strength after
28days in
N/mm2
44.3 43 N/mm2
2.2 Fine Aggregate
Natural occurring river sand was used in casting of cube.
Various properties are determine as per IS 2386(Part-I)
.The result are shown below table 2.
Table 2: Properties of fine Aggregate
Properties Test Result
Fineness Modulus 2.5
Specific Gravity 2.68
Bulking 2%
Free Moisture Content 0.16%
Silt Content 0.8%

_______________________________________________________________________________________
2.3 Coarse Aggregate
Coarse aggregate was collected from locally available
granite crust stone having maximum size 20mm.verious
test were conducted on this aggregate as per IS 2386-1963
(Part-IV) result are shown below table 3.
Table 3: Properties of coarse Aggregate
Fineness Modulus 3.2
Water Absorption 0.6%
Free Moisture Content 0.12%
Aggregate Abrasion
Value
12%
Aggregate Impact Value 16%
Aggregate Crushing
Value
21%
2.4 Water
Impurities free, clean portable water are use for casting of
cube. Also curing was done in curing tank as per IS 456-
2000
2.5 Non-metallic E-waste
Non-metallic e-waste was collected from local body which
was discarded in scrap. That can be crushed in various sizes
4.75mm, 10mm, 20mm. various test were conducted on it
as per IS 2386-1963 (Part-IV) result is shown below table
4.
Fig-1: Crushed Non Metallic E-Waste
Table 4: Properties of E-waste
Water Absorption 0.1%
Shape Angular
Color Red ,White and Dark
Aggregate Abrasion 0.6%
Value
Aggregate Impact Value 4%
Aggregate Crushing
Value
2.8%
3. PROCEDURE
3.1. Batching
Batching was done method of weight batching by using
weighing balance having accuracy 0.001gm.
3.2. Mixing
Mixing of concrete was done by manually according to the
grade of M20 and M25 with water cement ratio 0.50 and
0.40 respectively. Percentage of e-waste added in the
concrete as a replacement of coarse aggregate as shown in
table 5.
Fig-2: Mixing of e- waste in concrete
3.3 Casting of cube
As per requirement for testing each of 2 blocks for 7days,
14days, 28days test for each grade with different
percentage.
Table 5: Details of Cube Casting
% of e-
waste
0% 5% 10% 15% 20%
M20
30
block
2 2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2 2
M25
30
block
2 2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2 2
TOTAL =60 BLOCKS

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4. TESTING ON CONCTERE
4.1. Workability of Fresh Concrete
For calculating of workability of fresh concrete slump cone
test was used result are shown below table 6.
Table 6: Result of slump cone test
Grade of
Concrete
Slump in
mm
Workability
M20 139 High
M25 122 High
4.2. Compressive Strength Test
Compressive strength test was conducted to calculate
compressive strength developed in concrete containing e-
waste at the age of 7, 14, 21 days respectively. Square
mould having size 150X150X150 mm casted for testing.
Tests was done on compressive testing machine (CTM)
having loading capacity 2000KN.Result is shown in below
table7.
Fig-3: E-Waste block before testing and after testing
Table 7: Compressive strength test results in N/mm2
For M20 grade
Mix proportion of e-
waste
0 % 5 % 10 % 15 % 20 %
7 Days 13.12 12.96 10.22 9.52 8.00
14 Days 18.33 18.00 16.65 12.86 11.16
28 Days 20.11 19.85 18.34 15.76 12.50
For M25 grad
Mix proportion of e-
waste
0 % 5 % 10 % 15 % 20 %
7 Days 16.96 16.11 13.88 11.54 10.24
14 Days 22.10 21.00 19.86 15.22 14.08
28 Days 24.98 23.26 21.73 17.78 15.22
5. DISCUSSION
An analysis made on strength characteristic by conducting
test on non-metallic e-waste concrete. The 3days ,7days
and 28days compressive strength result of M20 and M25
grade concrete shown in table 7 and analysis by graphically
shown in chart 1and chart 2 .It is observed that compressive
strength decrease with increasing e- waste percentage for
both grade. Up to 5%, it is nearly same to normal concrete
but after 15%, it reduces maximally. Strength reduce
because of bonding of e-waste reduces. Volume of e-waste
increase then bonding problem occurred in concrete that
affect the on strength of concrete

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0
5
10
15
20
25
0% 5% 10% 15% 20%
CompressiveStrength
inN/mm2
Propertion of E-waste in %
Chart 1: Compressive Strength of M20 Grade
7 Days
14 Days
28 Days
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
0% 5% 10% 15% 20%
CompressiveStrength
inN/mm2
Chart 2: Compressive Strength of M25 Grade
7 Days
14 Days
28 Days
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
0% 5% 10% 15% 20%
CompressiveStrengthin
N/Mm2
Chart 3: Variation of Compressive Strength aftrer 28 Days
M25
0
5
10
15
20
25
0% 5% 10% 15% 20%
CompressiveStrengthin
N/Mm2
Chart 4: Variation of Compressive Strength aftrer 28 Days
M20

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6. CONCLUSION
Form experimental analysis it is to be observe that e-waste
can be use up to some extent in concrete as coarse
aggregate. Following points, give idea about it.
 It is identified that e-waste can dispose in concrete
as a coarse aggregate.
 Volume E-waste on earth reduces, when it use in
concrete.
 Up to 5-6% replacement of e-waste is suitable to
use up to (G+2) building construction, road
construction.
 Up to 10% replacement of e-waste is use in
construction where low strength required such as
garden wall construction etc.
 More than 10% is not considerably useful for
construction field because of strength decreases.
 It was observe that e-waste increase 5% strength
decrease 15%.shown in chart 3 & 4
 E-waste concrete block having flexibility it directly
not fail during test firstly it compress up to 1cm
then break. It is very important at the time of
earthquake it provides some time for clearance in
structure.
 Solid waste management of e-waste done, when it
use in concrete.
REFERENCES
[1] Secung Bum Park, Bong Chun Lee,“Studies on
expansion properties in mortar containing waste glass
& fibering. Cement and Concrete Research, vol 34
(2004) pp 1145115
[2] Lakshmi.R, Nagan.S “Studies onconcrete containing
e plastic waste” International Journal Of
Environmental Sciences Volume 1, No 3 ,2010
[3] R.Lakshmi, S. Nagan, “Utilization of waste E plastic
particles in cementitious mixtures” Journal of
StructuralEngineering,Vol.38, No. 1, April – May
2011, pp. 26-35
BIOGRAPHIES
Name:- Pravin Arun Manatkar,
Education:- B.E. Civil, M.E. (Structures)
Pursuing, Area of Interest :- Structure
Contact no.:- 7720909977
Email :-pravinmanatkar@rediffmail.com
Address:- At –Hivragadling Post
Waghala Tal Shindkhed Raja Dist Buldana State
Maharashtra India 443202
Name:- Ganesh P. Deshmukh,
Education: - B.E. Civil, M.E.
(Structures),AIME,LMISTE., Area of
Interest :- Structure, Contact no.:-
9730822232
Email :-ganesh_structure@yahoo.co.in
Address :- Suyog Building,Ganesh Nagar,Malkapur Road
Buldana Dist Buldana State Maharashtra India 443001

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