Useful Terms Related to cPanel & WHM
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The document provides a comprehensive overview of various terms and concepts related to cPanel and WHM, including mail exchanger (MX) entries, mail transfer agents, and mailing list management. It outlines the functionalities of interfaces for managing email and server configurations, as well as features related to web hosting and security certificates. Additionally, it emphasizes the importance of operating systems and describes various types of nameservers and their roles in internet connectivity.
Useful Terms Related to cPanel & WHM
- 1. Useful Terms Related to cPanel & WHM
- 2. Table of Contents 2 Mail Exchanger (MX) Entry Mail Server Name Indication (Mail SNI) Mail Transfer Agent (MTA) maildir Mailing List Mailman Manage2 mod_ userdir Modulus Mount Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) Type MySQL® Nameserver Network Address Translation (NAT) Open Relay open_ basedir OpenID® Connect (OIDC) Operating System (OS) Option Module (optmod) Organizational Validation (OV) Certificate
- 3. MX entry is a record that specifies where an email is sent by the system, for a domain. It contains the IP address of the mail server. When custom mail delivery or an email scanning service is used by a user, the MX record for a domain might need to be changed by the server administrator. This can be done in WHM’s “Edit MX Entry” interface by clicking on WHM -> Home -> DNS Functions -> Edit MX Entry. MX records can be configured by cPanel users in the “Email Routing” interface in cPanel, by clicking on cPanel -> Home -> Email -> Email Routing. 3 Mail Exchanger (MX) Entry
- 4. YELLOW When the handshake process begins, it is the Mail SNI that lets a client request a specific hostname. In this documentation, SNI refers to this protocol with regard to Apache, whereas Mail SNI refers to this protocol with regard to Exim. Mail Server Name Indication (Mail SNI) 4
- 5. Mail Transfer Agent (MTA) MTA is a program through which email messages are sent and received. Exim is an MTA. To digress, we use the Internet to send emails for the purpose of communication as well as browse the Internet for other uses by visiting relevant websites. These websites are made accessible by web hosting companies that provide server space to store the files of these websites. Exceptionally good web hosting service providers are often referred to as the “Best Windows Hosting Company” or as the “Best Web Hosting Company” or as the “Top Cloud Hosting Company”. 5
- 6. Maildir 6 It is that format which stores emails in flat files as individual messages that have unique filenames. It can be managed by a user in the “Mailbox Conversion” interface in WHM, by clicking on WHM -> Home -> Email -> Mailbox Conversion.
- 7. Mailing List 7 Mailing list is a list of email addresses that can be used by the mailing list members for communication. It can be used for the purpose of sending email messages to a large group. The Mailman program for mailing list software is used by cPanel & WHM. A user can use the “Mailing Lists” interface in cPanel for the purpose of creating and managing mailing lists, by clicking on cPanel -> Home -> Email -> Mailing Lists.
- 8. Mailman 8 Mailman refers to a mailing list software. It is used to send email messages to a group of email addresses that have been specified.
- 9. Manage2 9 Manage2 is a cPanel, L.L.C. website. It lets a user perform tasks that are related to licensing. The providers of hosting log into Manage2 for the purpose of adding, updating and removing licenses related to cPanel products. It is used for managing and paying invoices as well.
- 10. Static Website’s Advantages 10 Fast recovery- If there is a crash or break, all you have to do is redeploy in order to restore the website Availability- Since static websites are comparatively less complex than dynamic websites, there are fewer things that can break Security-Static websites are more secure than dynamic websites. Dynamic websites are often at a greater risk of malicious attacks due to the fact that these interact with the users SEO- The ranking of static websites can be usually higher than that of dynamic websites on search engines. This happens as static websites are typically faster and the content is easily crawlable
- 11. 11 1-800-123 -8156 Whoa! That’s a big number, aren’t you proud?
- 12. Mod_Userdir Mod_userdir is an Apache module. It allows visitors to enter the hostname of the user, a tilde (~) and the username of the website owner, for the purpose of viewing a website. It is recommended to keep the mod_userdir module disabled by accessing it in the “Apache mod_userdir Tweak” interface in WHM. This is recommended because the system accounts for bandwidth per-host and not per-user. WHM -> Home -> Security Center -> Apache mod_userdir Tweak.
- 13. Mount In general, mounting a file system makes it accessible to users. The mount command can be used in a Linux or a Unix operating system to let the operating system know that a device or a file system is ready for use. Moreover, it affixes that particular device or system to a specific directory.
- 14. Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions (MIME) Type MIME type is a file’s component. It identifies the file type. This helps the browsers to handle it accurately. cPanel & WHM lets a user specify the application that needs to be used to open files that have a specific extension. MIME types can be added and managed through “MIME Types” interface in cPanel. cPanel -> Home -> Advanced -> MIME Types.
- 15. MySQL® MySQL is an open-source relational database management system. Integrated MySQL installation and database editing tools are provided by cPanel & WHM. A server’s MySQL version can be upgraded by the user in WHM’s MySQL or MariaDB Upgrade interface, by clicking on WHM -> Home -> SQL Services -> MySQL or MariaDB Upgrade. .
- 16. Nameserver Nameserver is a physical computer. It contains a list of domain names along with their IP addresses. Visitors are allowed by these computers to have access to a domain through its IP address. Data is gathered about domains, over time, by the nameserver software. Due to this any change that is made to DNS records, might need 48 hours or more to reach all the nameservers that are on the Internet. There are many types of nameservers, such as local, clustered, remote and custom or private. These are mentioned below, in brief. Local- These nameservers are authoritative nameservers and reside on the server that hosts the cPanel accounts of the nameserver. Remote- These are authoritative nameservers. A separate server hosts these. Clustered- These nameservers exist collectively. This collection of nameservers shares information as well as authoritative nameserver status. This type of nameserver prevents downtime. In the event that one server fails, additional servers perform the functions that are necessary. Custom or Private- This type of nameserver is a custom-branded name for an authoritative nameserver. .
- 17. Network Address Translation (NAT) NAT refers to one IP address space’s remapping to another. This is accomplished by making modifications to the network address information of IP headers of packets while these are in transit across a router. This method makes it possible to use a single IP address for an entire private network. .
- 18. Open Relay Open relay refers to a certain mail server configuration. It enables the sending of mail by anyone through a server. This configuration can be enabled or disabled by any user in the “Mail” section of the “Tweak Settings” interface in WHM. However, for security concerns, it is recommended to not allow a server to function as an open relay. WHM -> Home -> Server Configuration -> Tweak Settings. .
- 19. open_basedir This is a feature that uses PHP in order to deny users the ability to open such files that are not within their home directories. This feature can be modified in the Editor Mode section in “MultiPHP INI Editor” interface of WHM. WHM -> Home -> Software -> MultiPHP INI Editor. .
- 20. open_basedir This is a feature that uses PHP in order to deny users the ability to open such files that are not within their home directories. This feature can be modified in the Editor Mode section in “MultiPHP INI Editor” interface of WHM. WHM -> Home -> Software -> MultiPHP INI Editor. .
- 21. OpenID® Connect (OIDC) OIDC is a standard that is meant for third-party authentication. It is used by cPanel & WHM’s External Authentication feature, for the purpose of communicating with third-party authentication providers. External Authentication modules can be used by third-party developers to authenticate with identity providers that are OpenID Connect-compliant. External Authentication can be configured in “Manage External Authentications” interface in WHM. WHM -> Home -> Security Center -> Manage External Authentication. .
- 22. Operating System (OS) OS refers to that background software which is meant to run all the other software applications on one’s system. Any server or computer requires an operating system. Certain specific versions of the CentOS, Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) and CloudLinux™ operating systems are supported by cPanel & WHM. .
- 23. Option Module (optmod) This is an Apache configuration option. Features are added by it to the EasyApache system. Here, let us take a moment to briefly describe web hosting which refers to the technology and the services that make a website accessible over the Internet. Web hosting is provided by web hosting service providers. These companies are also referred to as the “Best Windows Hosting Company” or as the “Best Web Hosting Company” or as the “Top Cloud Hosting Company” when their service’s quality is excellent. .
- 24. Organizational Validation (OV) Certificate OV certificate is a digital certificate that is used for SSL/TLS verification. The certificate authority (CA) ascertains that a particular DNS domain is controlled by the applicant. This is done through a vetting process. OV certificates offer more security than DV (Domain Validation) certificates. Certificates can be purchased and installed in the “SSL/TLS Wizard” interface in cPanel, by clicking on cPanel -> Home -> Security -> SSL/TLS Wizard. HTTPS is enabled on the web browser address bar of a user by OV certificates. These certificates declare that a website is secure. A Secure Site Seal is used for that purpose.
- 25. 25 Thanks! ANY QUESTIONS? You can find me at: www.htshosting.org www.htshosting.org/best-web-hosting-company-India www.htshosting.org/best-windows-hosting www.htshosting.org/best-cloud-hosting-company support@htshosting.org