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1
Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Using MIS, 6e (Kroenke)
Chapter 7 Processes, Organizations, and Information Systems
True/False Questions
1) Both structured processes and dynamic processes are formally defined processes.
Answer: FALSE
Page Ref: 228
AACSB: Use of Information Technology; Communication Abilities
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Discuss the role of information systems in supporting business processes
Chapter LO: 1
2) Structured processes are standardized processes that involve day-to-day operations.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 228
Difficulty: Easy
Chapter LO: 1
3) Placing an order is an example of a structured process.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 228
Difficulty: Moderate
Chapter LO: 1
4) Structured processes are adaptive processes that change structure rapidly and readily.
Answer: FALSE
Page Ref: 228
Difficulty: Easy
Chapter LO: 1
5) Dynamic processes are more specific.
Answer: FALSE
Page Ref: 228
Difficulty: Easy
Chapter LO: 1

2
6) Using social networking sites to generate buzz about a company's new product line is an
example of a dynamic process.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 228
Difficulty: Easy
Chapter LO: 1
7) Dynamic processes support operational activities.
Answer: FALSE
Page Ref: 228
Difficulty: Easy
Chapter LO: 1
8) A workgroup process exists to enable workgroups to fulfill the charter, purpose, and goals of a
particular group or department.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 228
Difficulty: Easy
Chapter LO: 1
9) Lead generation and lead tracking are processes concerning the sales and marketing
department.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 229
Difficulty: Easy
Chapter LO: 1
10) Order and account tracking are business processes concerning the operations department.
Answer: FALSE
Page Ref: 229
Difficulty: Easy
Chapter LO: 1

3
11) A workgroup information system is an organizational structure where a separate department
is established by the organization to support and manage its information system.
Answer: FALSE
Page Ref: 229
AACSB: Use of Information Technology
Difficulty: Easy
Chapter LO: 1
12) The procedures for using workgroup information systems need to be understood only by the
IT department of an organization.
Answer: FALSE
Page Ref: 229
Difficulty: Easy
Chapter LO: 1
13) Workgroup information systems typically support 10 to 100 users.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 229
Difficulty: Easy
Chapter LO: 1
14) Enterprise processes span an organization and support activities in multiple departments.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 230
AACSB: Communication Abilities
Difficulty: Easy
Chapter LO: 1
15) The solutions to problems in an enterprise system usually involve a single department of the
organization.
Answer: FALSE
Page Ref: 230
AACSB: Communication Abilities
Difficulty: Easy
Chapter LO: 1

4
16) CRM is an example of a structured inter-enterprise information system.
Answer: FALSE
Page Ref: 230
Difficulty: Easy
Chapter LO: 1
17) In inter-enterprise information systems, procedures are simple and generally not documented
or formalized in any way.
Answer: FALSE
Page Ref: 230
Difficulty: Easy
Chapter LO: 1
18) Inter-enterprise information systems support one or more inter-enterprise processes.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 230
Difficulty: Easy
Chapter LO: 1
19) Process efficiency is a measure of the ratio of process outputs to inputs.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 231
Difficulty: Easy
Chapter LO: 2
20) The structure of a process has no bearing on its efficiency.
Answer: FALSE
Page Ref: 231
Difficulty: Easy
Chapter LO: 2

5
21) Adding process resources increases process effectiveness, but it adds costs.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 232
Difficulty: Easy
Chapter LO: 2
22) Changing the structure of a process always involves a change in resources as well, even if it
is only a simple reordering of tasks.
Answer: FALSE
Page Ref: 232
Difficulty: Easy
Chapter LO: 2
23) Information systems improve process quality by augmenting the actions of the human who
performs that activity.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 232
Difficulty: Easy
Chapter LO: 2
24) An information silo is a condition that exists when data are isolated in separated information
systems.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 233
Difficulty: Easy
Chapter LO: 3
25) Workgroups can develop information systems for their own needs, but, over time, they
would result in information silos.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 233
Difficulty: Easy
Chapter LO: 3

6
26) The problems of duplicated data, disjointed systems, limited information, and inefficiencies
are solved by spreading the data across multiple databases.
Answer: FALSE
Page Ref: 234
Difficulty: Easy
Chapter LO: 3
27) Business process reengineering is the activity of altering and designing business processes to
take advantage of new information systems.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 238
Difficulty: Easy
Chapter LO: 4
28) Business process reengineering is a quick process, but it is exceedingly expensive.
Answer: FALSE
Page Ref: 238
Difficulty: Easy
Chapter LO: 4
29) In the customer acquisition phase of the customer life cycle, an organization categorizes its
customers according to value and attempts to win back high-value customers.
Answer: FALSE
Page Ref: 239
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Describe the functions of customer relationship management (CRM) systems
Chapter LO: 4
30) Relationship management processes increase the value of existing customers by selling them
more product.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 239
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Describe the functions of customer relationship management (CRM) systems
Chapter LO: 4

7
31) CRM systems incorporate accounting, manufacturing, inventory, and human resources
applications.
Answer: FALSE
Page Ref: 239
Difficulty: Easy
Course LO: Describe the uses of enterprise systems and enterprise resource planning
Chapter LO: 4
32) The primary purpose of an ERP system is integration.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 241
Difficulty: Easy
Chapter LO: 4
33) Enterprise application integration is a suite of applications, a database, and a set of inherent
processes for consolidating business operations into a single, consistent, computing platform.
Answer: FALSE
Page Ref: 245
Difficulty: Easy
Chapter LO: 4
34) Converting to an ERP system is not nearly as disruptive as converting to an EAI system.
Answer: FALSE
Page Ref: 246
Difficulty: Easy
Chapter LO: 4
35) An ERP solution consists of application programs, databases, and business process
procedures, but does not contain training and consulting.
Answer: FALSE
Page Ref: 246
Difficulty: Easy
Chapter LO: 5

8
36) Choosing an ERP solution that has applications that function close to the organization's
requirements is critical to its successful implementation.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 247
Difficulty: Easy
Chapter LO: 5
37) An ERP solution includes a database design as well as initial configuration data.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 247
Difficulty: Easy
Chapter LO: 5
38) A trigger is a computer program stored in a database that is used to enforce business rules.
Answer: FALSE
Page Ref: 247
Difficulty: Easy
Chapter LO: 5
39) Triggers and stored procedures are not components of an ERP solution.
Answer: FALSE
Page Ref: 247
Difficulty: Easy
Chapter LO: 5
40) The inherent processes that are defined in an ERP solution are known as process blueprints.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 247
Difficulty: Easy
Chapter LO: 5

9
41) ERP vendors sometimes train an organization's employees to become in-house trainers in
training sessions called train the trainer.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 248
Difficulty: Easy
Chapter LO: 5
42) Industry-specific solutions contain program and database configuration files, but not the
process blueprints that apply to ERP implementations in specific industries.
Answer: FALSE
Page Ref: 249
Difficulty: Easy
Chapter LO: 5
43) Epicor and Microsoft Dynamics are the highest ranked ERP vendors in the market.
Answer: FALSE
Page Ref: 249
Chapter LO: 5
44) In enterprise systems, a single department manager is in charge.
Answer: FALSE
Page Ref: 250
Difficulty: Easy
Chapter LO: 6
45) Gap identification is a major task when implementing enterprise systems.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 250
Difficulty: Easy
Chapter LO: 6

10
46) Transitioning to a new enterprise system requires careful planning and substantial training.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 250
Difficulty: Easy
Chapter LO: 6
47) Service-oriented architecture is a software design philosophy in which activities are
organized into modules of functionality that are requested and delivered over the Internet using
process-oriented architecture standards.
Answer: FALSE
Page Ref: 252
Difficulty: Easy
Chapter LO: 7
48) A service provider creates a service description and publishes it using a standardized
language called HyperText Markup Language (HTML).
Answer: FALSE
Page Ref: 252
Difficulty: Easy
Chapter LO: 7
49) Standards such as http, https, html5, CSS3, JavaScript, and others enable programs to receive
data from, and display data to, a variety of mobile and desktop devices.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 252
Chapter LO: 7
50) The number of ERP solutions moving to the cloud is expected to increase because of its low
costs.
Answer: TRUE
Page Ref: 253
Difficulty: Easy
Chapter LO: 8

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11
Multiple Choice Questions
1) ________ are formally defined, standardized processes that involve day-to-day operations.
A) Dynamic processes
B) Unstructured processes
C) Structured processes
D) Kinetic processes
Answer: C
Page Ref: 228
Difficulty: Easy
Chapter LO: 1
2) Which of the following is an example of a structured process?
A) deciding on the location of a new store
B) solving the problem of excessive product returns
C) purchasing raw materials
D) using social media to create buzz about a new product
Answer: C
Page Ref: 228
Chapter LO: 1
3) ________ are flexible, informal, and adaptive processes that normally involve strategic and
less specific managerial decisions and activities.
A) Operational processes
B) Dynamic processes
C) Inherent processes
D) Structured processes
Answer: B
Page Ref: 228
Difficulty: Easy
Chapter LO: 1

12
4) Which of the following is an example of a dynamic process?
A) Samsung accepts a return of a defective television from its dealer.
B) Starbucks places an order for coffee beans from its local supplier.
C) Amazon.com hires customer service representatives to help customers with their online order.
D) Nike uses Facebook and Twitter to generate buzz about its new line of running shoes.
Answer: D
Page Ref: 228
AACSB: Analytic Skills
Chapter LO: 1
5) Which of the following is a characteristic of dynamic processes?
A) They are adaptive processes that change structure rapidly and readily.
B) They are usually formally defined and documented.
C) They support operational and managerial decisions and activities.
D) They are standardized processes.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 228
AACSB: Analytic Skills
Chapter LO: 1
6) Which of the following workgroup processes is related to sales and marketing?
A) lead tracking
B) order management
C) customer support
D) accounts receivable
Answer: A
Page Ref: 229
Difficulty: Easy
Chapter LO: 1
7) Which of the following workgroup processes is related to operations?
A) account tracking
B) sales forecasting
C) finished-goods inventory management
D) treasury management
Answer: C
Page Ref: 229
Difficulty: Easy
Chapter LO: 1

13
8) Which of the following workgroup processes is related to manufacturing?
A) order entry and tracking
B) finished-goods inventory management
C) product and brand management
D) planning and scheduling
Answer: D
Page Ref: 229
Difficulty: Easy
Chapter LO: 1
9) Which of the following workgroup processes is related to customer service?
A) assessment
B) account tracking
C) sales forecasting
D) accounts payable
Answer: B
Page Ref: 229
Difficulty: Easy
Chapter LO: 1
10) Which of the following workgroup processes is related to human resources?
A) lead tracking
B) customer support
C) assessment
D) order management
Answer: C
Page Ref: 229
Difficulty: Easy
Chapter LO: 1

14
11) Which of the following information systems minimizes data duplication among departments?
A) departmental information systems
B) workgroup information systems
C) personal information systems
D) enterprise information systems
Answer: D
Page Ref: 230
Difficulty: Easy
Chapter LO: 1
12) Which of the following statements is true regarding workgroup information systems?
A) They are easy to change.
B) They minimize data duplication among departments.
C) They can be operated without training.
D) They support 10 to 100 users.
Answer: D
Page Ref: 230
Chapter LO: 1
13) ________ processes span an organization and support activities in multiple departments.
A) Enterprise
B) Interenterprise
C) Strategic
D) Reactive
Answer: A
Page Ref: 230
Difficulty: Easy
Chapter LO: 1
14) Which of the following statements about enterprise information systems is true?
A) The procedures are not documented, but are understood within the group.
B) They do not require users to have any formal training.
C) They are very difficult to change.
D) They support 10 to 100 users.
Answer: C
Page Ref: 230
Chapter LO: 1

15
15) The information system that a restaurant uses to order supplies and ingredients from its
suppliers is an example of a(n) ________.
A) enterprise information system
B) personal information system
C) inter-enterprise information system
D) departmental information system
Answer: C
Page Ref: 230
Difficulty: Easy
Chapter LO: 1
16) Which of the following statements about a structured inter-enterprise information system is
true?
A) Its procedures are formalized and the problem solutions affect multiple organizations.
B) It is flexible and easily adaptable to organizational changes.
C) It increases data duplication among departments.
D) It does not require users to have any formal training.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 230
Chapter LO: 1
17) ________ is an example of an inter-enterprise information system.
A) CRM
B) PRIDE
C) ERP
D) EAI
Answer: B
Page Ref: 230
Difficulty: Easy
Chapter LO: 1

Exploring the Variety of Random
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Using MIS 6th Edition Kroenke Test Bank all chapter instant download

The Project Gutenberg eBook of Life in a
tub; with a description of the Turkish bath

This ebook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United
States and most other parts of the world at no cost and with
almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away
or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License
included with this ebook or online at www.gutenberg.org. If you
are not located in the United States, you will have to check the
laws of the country where you are located before using this
eBook.
Title: Life in a tub; with a description of the Turkish bath
Author: Diogenes [pseudonym]
Release date: March 24, 2024 [eBook #73251]
Language: English
Original publication: Ireland: William McGee & Co, 1858
Credits: Jeroen Hellingman and the Online Distributed
Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net/ for Project
Gutenberg (This file was produced from images
generously made available by The Internet Archive)
*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK LIFE IN A
TUB; WITH A DESCRIPTION OF THE TURKISH BATH ***

LIFE IN A TUB;
WITH A DESCRIPTION OF
THE TURKISH BATH.
BY ΔΙΟΓΕΝΗΣ.
“If men knew how to use water so as to
elicit all the remedial results which it is
capable of producing, it would be worth
all other remedies put together.”—Dr.

Macartney’s Lectures at Trinity
College, 1826.
“The Sixth Commandment is
suspended by one Medical Diploma,
from the North of England to the
South.”—Sydney Smith.
THIRD EDITION, REVISED AND
ENLARGED.
DUBLIN:
WILLIAM M’GEE & CO., 18, NASSAU-
STREET.
CORK: BRADFORD & CO., 44,
PATRICK-STREET,
AND AT ALL RAILWAY STATIONS.
1858.
Price Sixpence.

[Contents]
DUBLIN: PRINTED BY ALEX. THOM & SONS, 87 & 88, ABBEY-STREET.
[Contents]

Dedication.
“Men’s evil manners live in brass; their virtues
We write in water.” Henry VIII. Act IV. Sc. 2.
TO RICHARD BARTER. ESQ., M.D.
Dear Sir,
To whom can I more fitly dedicate the following pages than to one, to
whom, under Divine Providence, I owe the inestimable blessings of
renewed health and of an invigorated constitution? Having derived
untold benefit from the use of the Turkish Bath, first introduced by
you into this country, and having witnessed the wonders effected by
it in the case of others, I have felt it my duty to propagate the
knowledge of its virtues in every direction: this I have endeavoured
to do in the following pages, in conjunction with some observations
on the Hydropathic and Allopathic systems.
Should the perusal of these pages lead to the currency of more
correct ideas on the subject of Hygiene, and a greater knowledge of
the principles of Hydropathy, than, at present prevail, my object in
writing will have been fully attained.
Wishing you a long continuance in your career of enlightened
usefulness,
I remain, Dear Sir,
Very sincerely yours,
ΔΙΟΓΕΝΗΣ.

Dublin, October, 1858. [5]
[Contents]

LIFE IN A TUB.1
See the wretch that long has tost,
On the thorny bed of pain,
At length repair his vigour lost,
And breathe and walk again.—Gray.
Perhaps there is nothing more characteristic of the march of intellect
of the present day, or more indicative of a healthy tone of mind, than
the suspicion with which the public in general, and many physicians
in particular, are beginning to regard the use of drugs as curative
agents—that chiefest engine of the allopathic physician for the relief
of suffering humanity.
The freeing of the mind from old and preconceived ideas—from
practices, with which we have been familiarized from childhood—the
looking with distrust upon a system which since the times of
Æsculapius and Hippocrates has held undisputed sway, arrogating
to itself the name of Orthodox, and dubbing its opponents as quacks
—such a change in public opinion deserves respect or reprobation,
according to the causes from which it springs, whether from a calm
investigation of the question presented for examination, in which
strong arguments, based on natural laws—prescribing a treatment
which produces the results aimed at—are found to preponderate in
favour of a new system, or from a revolutionary love of novelty,
indicative of versatility and want of faith in established institutions, a
love of change which would espouse and propagate any doctrine
irrespective of its merits, merely because it was new.
That this change of opinion to which we refer, viz., the want of
confidence in drugs, is not altogether frivolous, would [6]appear from

the following confession of Dr. Forbes, a distinguished allopathic
physician, who thus sums up the experience of a long professional
career:—
“Firstly, that in a large proportion of the cases treated by allopathic
physicians, the disease is cured by nature and not by them. Secondly, that
in a lesser, but still not a small proportion, the disease is cured by nature
in spite of them; in other words their interference opposing instead of
assisting the cure; and Thirdly, that consequently in a considerable
proportion of diseases it would fare as well or better with patients, if all
remedies, especially drugs, were abandoned.”
Again one of the most eminent of living medical writers says:—
“When healthy properties are impaired, we know of no agent by which
they can be directly restored, when vital action is perverted or deranged,
we possess no means of immediately rectifying it, but we must be satisfied
with using those means under which it is most likely to rectify itself.”
It is the knowledge of these facts that has produced discontent with
the usual mode of medicinal treatment, and has encouraged the
belief, that it does more harm than good in cases of disease. Dr.
Gully states:—
“By it (the drug system) the body is placed in the most unnatural position,
and its efforts at relief constantly thwarted. Disease, which is quite as
natural a process as health, is not allowed to go on as nature would; the
internal organs whose morbid action alone can cause death, are made the
arena for all sorts of conflicting and inflicting medical stimulants; and
between the action which these excite, and that which originally existed,
their vitality fails, their efforts towards restoration flag, and their functions
are at last extinguished.”
Dr. Rush says:—

“We have multiplied diseases—we have done more, we have increased
their mortality.”
The celebrated Dr. Bailie, who enjoyed, it appears, a long and
lucrative practice, declared at the termination of his career, “that he
had no faith in physic;” and on his death-bed frequently exclaimed, “I
wish I could be sure that I have not killed more than I have cured.”
Abernethy observes sarcastically,
“There has been a great increase of medical men of late years, but upon
my life, diseases have increased in proportion.”
The British and Foreign Quarterly Journal—the leading advocate of
drug medication—thus writes:—
“This mode of treating disease (Hydropathy) is unquestionably far from
inert, and most opposed to the cure of diseases, by the undisturbed
processes of nature. It in fact perhaps affords the very best evidence we
possess of the curative power of art, and is unquestionably when rationally
[7]regulated a most effective mode of treatment in many diseases. Still it
puts in a striking light, if not exactly the curative powers of nature, at least
the possibility—nay, facility—with which all the ordinary instruments of
medical cure, drugs, may be dispensed with. If so many and such various
diseases get well entirely without drugs, under one special mode of
treatment, is it not more than probable, that a treatment consisting almost
exclusively of drugs may be often of non-effect—sometimes of injurious
effect?”
Dr. Headland, in his prize essay on the action of medicines on the
system, thus writes:—
“On no question perhaps have scientific men differed more than on the
theory of the action of medicines. Either facts, essentially opposed and
incompatible, have been adduced by the disagreeing parties, or which is

nearly as common, the same fact has received two distinct and opposite
interpretations.”
Such quotations as the above, which might be multiplied ad
infinitum, by any student of medical lore, show that enquiry is abroad
amongst the medical profession, and that some at least of its
members are dissatisfied with the truth of the system which would
consider drug medication as an essential instrument in the cure of
disease.
The following remarks by Dr. Maclæoud, contained in a letter written
by him to Professor Simpson of Edinburgh, show at least, that if the
lay public place confidence in allopathic drugging, they place their
faith in a system which does not command the confidence of
physicians themselves.
“Formerly there were several wards in the Edinburgh Royal Infirmary, of
which three Fellows of the Royal College of Physicians had the charge.
One physician had the top ward, another the middle ward, and a third the
low ward. It happened that on the same day, three young persons of
nearly the same age, ill of typhus fever, were admitted into the hospital.
The disease was of equal severity in each, and the stage of complaint the
same in all. What was the treatment pursued in those three cases, by the
three Fellows of the College? Of course, it should have been the same, at
least, if the system be correct; for the physicians in question would choose
the best. But, sir, it was not the same. He in the top ward bled his patient
with lancet and leeches. He in the middle ward treated his patient with
drastic purgatives. He in the low ward, again, gave whiskey, wine, and
opiates. What was the result of such deplorable freaks? I refer you to the
statistic book; I have no doubt you will find it there!”
“In the University formerly, two professors used to lecture, on alternate
days, on clinical medicine. It happened once that each had, at the same
time, under his care an acute case of pericarditis. The professor who
lectured on his case on Monday night, said in substance, as follows:—

“Gentlemen.—As to the treatment of this disease, it has been the
practice to give large doses of mercury, so as to bring the constitution
under its action, and to effect this as rapidly as possible, small quantities
of opium are usually combined with it. The practice I, however, believe
[8]to be erroneous; for I have observed the progress of the disease
unchecked, even during profuse salivation. The most efficient remedy—in
fact our sheet-anchor—in this disease is tartar emetic. You will have
noticed the large doses I have given of this remedy, and yet the patient
seems not to suffer from it. In fact, the constitution in this disease, as in
some others, has a remarkable tolerance for tartar emetic.”
“When the lecture was finished, I left the hall fancying I had heard some
great truth, and knew better than an hour before how to save life. On
Wednesday evening, during the same week, in the same hall, and to the
same students, the other professor lectured. The lecture was devoted to
the acute case of pericarditis under his care in the hospital. After
describing the case, and giving a sketch of the character and progress of
the disease, he spoke in substance, as follows:—
“Gentlemen.—It is a remarkable thing that there should be any difference
in regard to the mode of treatment to be pursued in a disease such as this,
I believe it is the Italian and French schools which advocate so very
strongly the employment of tartar emetic; but I would strongly urge you to
put no confidence in this remedy, for if you do so, you will lean on a
broken reed. Our sheet-anchor in this disease is mercury; under the action
of which you must bring the patient as soon and as freely as you possibly
can—even bleeding is of little importance in comparison with the use of
mercury. The two combined, i.e., mercury and blood-letting is, of course,
best; but at all events use mercury, and never trust to tartar emetic.
“Thus doctors differ and the patient dies.”
As in the theatrical world a peep behind the scenes destroys the
illusion of the piece, so in the real world such revelations as the
foregoing, are well calculated to stagger thoughtful minds, and to
shake to the centre a blind and unreasoning faith in the allopathic
system.

Does not the reflection suggest itself on reading such a revelation as
the above—since it is impossible that the practice of both these
learned professors can be right, is it not possible that the practice of
both may be wrong?
That eminent physician, the late Sir Philip Crampton, was in the habit
of warning all his gouty and rheumatic patients to avoid the use of
colchicum, terming it a “desperate remedy,” and affirming that it was
better to bear any amount of pain than have recourse to it. This was
the deliberate opinion of one of the most able men in his profession,
who must have been fully impressed with a conviction of its injurious
effects; yet this remedy is continued to be prescribed to thousands,
with what result let those who have experienced it testify. Here then
again is a serious disagreement in practice between members of the
medical profession, in which one party must again be wrong. If those
who use colchicum are to be ranged amongst the latter, where our
own sufferings [9]under it would place them, their victims may well be
pitied. If colchicum be not a poisonous drug, why did Sir Philip
Crampton so strongly inveigh against it? If it be, can that system be
right which prescribes it as a remedy? Such is the system termed
orthodox, styling all who presume to differ from it quacks.
Before we proceed to inquire whether any escape is open to us from
this unsatisfactory state of affairs—whether any system has been
discovered more intelligible in its principles and more certain in its
action, whose professors are found to agree in their practice, instead
of maintaining opinions directly opposed to each other—we would
respectfully address a few words to those whom we have often
heard exclaiming, “I cannot believe that a system which has existed
so long as the allopathic can be wrong; if it were, it would long since
have been exposed and its errors refuted. No; when I reflect how
long it has existed, I cannot but believe it is right.” To such we will
merely say that we charitably hope they do not call this exclamation

an argument, and that if they reflected for a moment they ought to
remember numberless instances where error has existed for
centuries unrefuted, and acquiesced in by all mankind; that on their
principle error ought to prevail in exact proportion to its greatness,
since the oldest errors are the earliest, and the earliest are, generally
speaking, the greatest, the infancy of every science being its most
imperfect stage. According to them, we should at present believe
that the sun moves round the earth, because this doctrine prevailed
for upwards of 5,000 years, and “if it had been wrong it could not
have existed so long.” If such persons studied human nature better,
they would acknowledge the truth of Horace’s lines, especially when
applied to the medical profession, who, with some honourable
exceptions, have on every occasion opposed all innovation on their
system with the most uncompromising hostility—
“Vel quia nil rectum, nisi quod placuit sibi, ducunt,
Vel quia turpe putant parere minoribus et. quæ
Imberbes didicere, senes perdenda fateri;”2
an hostility which can only be ascribed to the effects of professional
habit and prejudice. In such a profession reform must be brought
about by the action of an enlightened public opinion, which,
unwarped by prejudice and unfettered by [10]professional trammels,
is free to perceive truth, and hold to it when discovered. When the
public take the lead, the medical profession will “move on,” but not
before. We are sorry to be forced to make these observations, but
we appeal to the history of the medical profession past and present,
and to the observation of our readers, in confirmation of their truth.
Sir Bulwer Lytton has well observed:—
“A little reflection taught me that the members of a learned profession are
naturally the very persons least disposed to favour innovation upon the
practices which custom and prescription have rendered sacred in their

eyes. A lawyer is not the person to consult upon bold reforms in
jurisprudence. A physician can scarcely be expected to own that
hydropathy will cure diseases that have resisted an armament of vials.”
On looking about us for some therapeutic system more satisfactory
than the allopathic, simpler in its principles and more consonant with
the laws of nature, we select for examination hydropathy, on account
of the great success which has attended its practice, the simplicity
and rationality of its processes, and the high recommendations it has
received from several eminent men, amongst which we extract the
following. Mr. Herbert Mayo, Senior Surgeon of the Middlesex
Hospital, speaking of hydropathy, thus expresses himself:—
“It (hydropathy) more than doubles our power of doing good. Of course it
will meet with much opposition, but none, come from quarter it may, can
possibly prevent its progress, and its taking firm root. It is like Truth, not to
be subverted.”
Sir Charles Scudamore, m.d., records his opinion as follows:—
“The principles of the water-cure treatment are founded in nature and
truth. We have in our power a new and most efficacious agent for the
alleviation and cure of disease in various forms, and in proper hands as
safe as it is effectual. I should be no friend to humanity nor to medical
science if I did not give my testimony in its recommendation.”
Dr. James Johnson, Editor of the Medical Quarterly, thus writes of
hydropathy:—
“Its paramount virtue is that of preserving many a constitution from
pulmonary consumption.”
These are no small recommendations for any system to possess. Let
us, therefore, with the readers’ permission, proceed at once to
examine the principles and mode of action of this novel system, and

see how far it can prove the title it lays claim to, of being a true
rational and natural mode of curing disease.
The most eminent physiologists of the present day agree in
regarding disease in general, as an effort of nature to relieve [11]the
system of matter injurious to its well-being. This being the case, the
natural and common sense mode of curing disease, would obviously
consist in assisting nature in its efforts to expel the morbid substance
from the system, and thus relieve it from the danger which
threatened it. Now, this is exactly the principle on which Hydropathy
proceeds; it aids, encourages, and strengthens the efforts of nature
to heal herself, instead of irritating, thwarting, and weakening those
efforts, by the pernicious administration of drugs.
To render the foregoing position intelligible to our readers, it is
necessary to premise, that the action of all active medicines depends
upon the principle (admitted by all physiologists), that nature ever
makes a continued effort to cure herself, never ceasing in her
attempts to relieve the body from whatever injurious matter may be
present in it. It is this effort of nature to expel the irritant matter from
the system, which makes the drug produce its effect. Thus when a
preparation of sulphur is administered as a medicine, nature, in her
effort to get rid of the sulphur, opens her pores to expel it. This is
proved by the resulting perspiration, and by the circumstance that
everything in contact with the patient is found, on analysis, to be
largely impregnated with the constituents of the medicine;—the well-
known fact of all articles of silver about the person, being tarnished,
being an illustration of this effect;—in addition to this the stomach is
weakened and irritated by the medicine which has been poured into
it; and further, if the dose is repeated, nature, getting gradually
accustomed to the intruder, ceases from her inhospitable exertion to
expel it, and, as a consequence, the medicine fails in producing its
intended effect. We have here referred to the successful

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