Using Python Packages - An Overview
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This document provides an overview of Python packaging tools including distutils, Setuptools, Distribute, pip, virtualenv, and virtualenvwrapper. Distutils is included in the Python standard library but lacks features like dependency handling. Setuptools enhanced distutils but is now unmaintained. Distribute is a fork that is actively maintained. Pip replaced easy_install and supports package installation, uninstallation, and requirements files. Virtualenv creates isolated Python environments, and virtualenvwrapper provides extensions to virtualenv.
Using Python Packages - An Overview
- 1. Using Python Packages An Overview Daniel Hepper <daniel.hepper@epicco.de> @danielhepper PyCologne – 12.01.2011
- 2. Using Python Packages An Overview ● distutils A lot of names, ● Setuptools a lot of confusion. ● easy_install Distribute ??? ● ● pip ● virtualenv ● virtualenvwrapper 12.01.2011 Daniel Hepper <daniel.hepper@epicco.de> 2
- 3. distutils $ python setup.py install ● allows building and installing modules ● part of standard library since Python 1.6 ● no uninstalling or listing of packages ● no dependency handling 12.01.2011 Daniel Hepper <daniel.hepper@epicco.de> 3
- 4. setuptools $ easy_install MyPackage ● created by Phillip J. Eby ● enhancements to distutils ● handles dependencies ● introduces egg files ● download packages from PyPI ● no uninstalling of packages ● currently unmaintained 12.01.2011 Daniel Hepper <daniel.hepper@epicco.de> 4
- 5. Distribute ● created by the The fellowship of the packaging ● fork of setuptools ● drop-in replacement ● actively maintained ● support for Python 3 12.01.2011 Daniel Hepper <daniel.hepper@epicco.de> 5
- 6. Pip ● written by Ian Bicking ● stands for Pip Installs Python ● replacement for easy_install ● uninstallation of packages ● requirements files ● native support for other VCS ● no eggs! 12.01.2011 Daniel Hepper <daniel.hepper@epicco.de> 6
- 7. Pip Commands ● install: Install packages ● uninstall: Uninstall packages ● freeze: Output all currently installed packages ● search: Search PyPI ● bundle: Create pybundles ● help: Show available commands ● unzip: Unzip individual packages ● zip: Zip individual packages 12.01.2011 Daniel Hepper <daniel.hepper@epicco.de> 7
- 9. Freezing & Requirements files $ pip freeze Brlapi==0.5.5 CouchDB==0.6 Couchapp==0.7.2 GnuPGInterface==0.3.2 GoldenRatio==1.0.0 Jinja2==2.5.5 Mako==0.3.4 MarkupSafe==0.9.2 PAM==0.4.2 PIL==1.1.7 ... 12.01.2011 Daniel Hepper <daniel.hepper@epicco.de> 9
- 10. Freezing & Requirements files $ pip freeze > requirements.txt $ pip r requirements.txt 12.01.2011 Daniel Hepper <daniel.hepper@epicco.de> 10
- 11. Virtualenv ● written by Ian Bicking ● creates isolated Python environments $ virtualenv ENV ● creates ENV/lib/pythonX.Y/sitepackages ● install interpreter in ENV/bin/python ● installs Setuptools, distribute installs Distribute ● no site packages with nositepackages ● activate with . bin/activate 12.01.2011 Daniel Hepper <daniel.hepper@epicco.de> 11
- 12. virtualenvwrapper ● written by Doug Hellmann ● set of extensions to virtualenv ● puts environments in one place ● easy switching between environments ● hook scripts 12.01.2011 Daniel Hepper <daniel.hepper@epicco.de> 12
- 13. Summary enhanced by replaced by distutils Setuptools Distribute provides provides easy_install replaced by supports pip virtualenv extended with virtualenvwrapper 12.01.2011 Daniel Hepper <daniel.hepper@epicco.de> 13
- 14. References ● distutils documentation http://docs.python.org/library/distutils.html ● setuptools on Python Package Index http://pypi.python.org/pypi/setuptools ● Distribute documentation http://packages.python.org/distribute/ ● Pip documentation http://pip.openplans.org/ 12.01.2011 Daniel Hepper <daniel.hepper@epicco.de> 14
- 15. References (cont.) ● virtualenv documentation http://virtualenv.openplans.org/ ● virtualenvwrapper homepage http://www.doughellmann.com/projects/virtualenvwrapper/ ● “Der Eierkocher”, talk by Chris Arndt (German) http://chrisarndt.de/talks/cooking-eggs/cooking-eggs-vortrag.html 12.01.2011 Daniel Hepper <daniel.hepper@epicco.de> 15