Uterine polyps

POLYPS:
• Abnormal tissue growth on a mucous
membrane.
OR
A polyp is a tumor attached by a
pedicle.

Two types of polyps are commonly seen ;
1. Mucoid polyp.
Fibroid polyp.
1) MUCOID POLYP:
Mucoid type of polyp arises from
the body of uterus or from the cervix.The pedicle
may at times be long enough to make the polyp
protrude from the cervix or reach up to the

CAUSES RISK FACTORS:
Increasing age.
Obesity.
Use of tamoxifen.
Hypertension.
Increasing the level of estrogen in the blood.

 CLINICAL FEATURES:
There may not be any symptom.Polyps are usually discovered
during speculum examination ,hysteroscopy or
hysterosalpingography.
Irregular uterine bleeding is seen either in pre or post
menopausal.
Contact bleeding (If polyp is outside the cervix).
Excessive vaginal discharge.
On speculum examination ,the polyp looks reddish in colour
,attached usually by a slender pedicle. The size may be about

 DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION:
TRANSVAGINAL ULTRASOUND EXAMINATION: A
slender ,wand like device placed in vagina emits sound waves
and creates an image of uterus ,including its interior.
 HYSTEROSCOPY: Inserting a thin ,flexible lighted telescope
(hysteroscope) through vagina and cervix into the uterus.
ENDOMETRIAL BIOPSY: Use a suction catheter inside the
uterus to collect a specimen for lab testing.
HYSTEROSALPINGOGRAPHY: An x-ray performed after
pushing dye through the cervix into endometrial cavity.

 MANAGEMENT:
• Small polyps such as mucus polyps are removed by twisting ,after
catching it with an ALLI”s forceps or tissue forceps.
• Certain hormonal medications
Progestins.
Gonadotropin.
Polyps with thick pedicle are removed by placing a trans fixation suture in
the pedicle and then cutting it distal to the ligature.
Big polyps lying in the vagina is removed by morcellation (piecemeal).
Hysteroscopy.

COMPLICATION:
Infertility.

2)FIBROID POLYP:
• The fibroid polyp may
arise from the body of the uterus or from the cervix.
It is an extrusion of a submucosal fibroid from the
uterine cavity.
The polyp is usually single and of varying sizes.
There may be infection ,necrosis and hemorrhage
at the tip

•CAUSES RISK FACTORS
Increasing age.
Obesity.
Use of tamoxifen.
Hypertension.
Increasing the level of estrogen in
the blood

 CLINICAL FEATURES
Intermenstrual bleeding.
Colicky pain in lower abdomen.
Excessive vaginal discharge ,which may be offensive.
Sensation of something coming down when the polyp
becomes big distending the vulva.
Uterus may feel bulky.
Pale or hemorrhage polyp can be visualized on speculum
examination.

 DIAGNOSTIC EVALUATION
TRANSVAGINAL ULTRASOUND EXAMINATION: A
slender ,wand like device placed in vagina emits sound waves
and creates an image of uterus ,including its interior.
 HYSTEROSCOPY: Inserting a thin ,flexible lighted telescope
(hysteroscope) through vagina and cervix into the uterus.
ENDOMETRIAL BIOPSY: Use a suction catheter inside the
uterus to collect a specimen for lab testing.
HYSTEROSALPINGOGRAPHY: An x-ray performed after
pushing dye through the cervix into endometrial cavity.

COMPLICATION
•Infertility.
•damageinjury to the cervix.

BIBLIOGRAPHY
TEXT BOOK NAME: A COMPPREHENSIVE TEXTBOOK OF
MIDWIFERY AND GYNECOLOGICAL NURSING.
AUTHOR NAME : ANNAMMA JACOB.
PUBLISHED BY : JAYPEE BROTHRS
EDITION : 5TH EDITION.
PAGE NO: 637~ 638.

Uterine polyps

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Uterine polyps