Utilizing Brain and Body Based Treatment Methods With Traumatized Children - (pdf)
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This document discusses various treatment approaches for trauma in children including Brainspotting, EMDR, trauma-sensitive yoga, the Comprehensive Resource Model, biofeedback therapy, equine therapy, and somatic experiencing. It provides examples of "big T" and "little t" traumas and discusses how trauma can disrupt development in areas of attachment, physical health, affect regulation, behavior control, cognition, and self-concept. Contact information is provided for Becky Russell who is certified in Brainspotting, EMDR and the Comprehensive Resource Model.
Utilizing Brain and Body Based Treatment Methods With Traumatized Children - (pdf)
- 1. 11/22/2014 1 Becky Russell, LPC/MHSP, Brainspotting, CRM, EMDR Certified Cameron Clark, LMSW, Trauma-Sensitive Yoga “Overwhelming, uncontrollable experiences that psychologically impact victims by creating in them feelings of helplessness, vulnerability, loss of safety and loss of control” Beverly James Treating Traumatized children: New Insights and Creative Interventions EXAMPLES OF BIG T Traumas Domestic Violence Accidents (Car, athletic, etc.) Violence/Crimes (shootings, robberies, etc.) Childhood Sexual Abuse Rape/Sexual Assault Bullying Mental Abuse Emotional Abuse Spiritual Abuse War Abandonment Witnessing any of the above EXAMPLES OF Little ‘t’ Traumas Arguments Being teased Being picked last for a team Death of a pet Moving Witnessing any of the above
- 2. 11/22/2014 2 Simple: occurs as a result of a single incident, such as an auto accident or fire. Complex: occurs as a result of repeated incidents, such as sexual abuse and domestic violence. “Trauma by definition involves speechless terror: patients often are simply unable to put what they feel into words and are left with intense emotions simply without being able to articulate what’s going on.” Bessel Van der Kolk 2002
- 3. 11/22/2014 3 Domain of Development: ATTACHMENT Signs of Disruption/Impairment: Difficulty trusting others Uncertain about the reliability/predictability of others Interpersonal difficulty Social isolation Difficulty seeking help Clingy, difficulty with separations Domain of Development: PHYSICAL Signs of Disruption/Impairment: Sensorimotor development problems Hypersensitivity to physical contact Somatization Increased medical problems Problems with coordination and balance Domain of Development: AFFECT REGULATION Signs of Disruption/Impairment: Problems with emotional regulation Easily upset and/or difficulty calming Difficulty describing emotions and internal experiences Difficulty knowing and describing internal states Problems with communicating needs
- 4. 11/22/2014 4 Domain of Development: BEHAVIORAL CONTROL Signs of Disruption/Impairment: Poor impulse control Self-destructive behavior Aggressive behavior Oppositional behavior Excessive compliance Sleep disturbance Eating disorders Reenactment of traumatic event/past Pathological self-soothing practices Domain of Development: COGNITION Signs of Disruption/Impairment: Difficulty paying attention Lack of sustained curiosity Problems processing information Problems focusing on/completing tasks Difficulty planning and anticipating consequences Learning difficulties, developmental delays Problems with language development Domain of Development: SELF-CONCEPT Signs of Disruption/Impairment: Lack of continuous/predictable sense of self Poor sense of separateness Disturbance of body image Low self-esteem Shame and guilt
- 5. 11/22/2014 5
- 6. 11/22/2014 6 “The practice of yoga only requires us to act and to be attentive in our actions.” T. K. V. Desikachar Eye Movement Desensitization Reprocessing Therapy Developed by Francine Shapiro, Ph.D. Websites: www.emdr.com www. emdria.org Developed by David Grand, Ph.D. Website: www.brainspottinginternational.org
- 7. 11/22/2014 7 Developed by Lisa Schwarz, M.Ed. Website: www.comprehensiveresourcemodel.com Biofeedback Therapy Attachment Regulation Competency (ARC) Model Equine Assisted Therapy Somatic Experiencing Becky Russell Counseling EMDR (Level II) Certified, Brainspotting (Level III), Advanced CRM www.beckyrussellcounseling.com Phone: (615) 861-8832 Email: beckyrussell.counselor@yahoo.com The Sexual Assault Center www.sacenter.org Becky Russell, LPC/MHSP – brussell@sacenter.org Phone: (615) 259-9055 ext. 344 Cameron Clark, LMSW – cclark@sacenter.org Phone: (615) 259-9055 ext. 310
- 8. 11/22/2014 8 Cook, A., Blaustein, M., Spinazzola, J., van der Kolk, B. Eds., (2003). Complex trauma in children and adolescents: White paper. National Child Traumatic Stress Network. Retrieved July 2005 from http://www.NCTSN.org/ Corrigan F, Grand D. Brainspotting: Recruiting the midbrain for accessing and healing sensorimotor memories of traumatic activation. Med Hypotheses (2013), http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2013.03.005 Emerson, D., Hopper, E. (2011). Overcoming Trauma through Yoga. Berkeley, CA: North Atlantic Books. Emerson, D., Sharma, R., Chaudhry, S., Turner, J. (2009). Trauma-sensitive yoga: Principles, practice, and research. International Journal of Yoga Therapy, 19, 123-128. Emerson, D., Turner, J. (2009). Toward becoming a trauma-sensitive yoga teacher. Paper presented at Trauma Sensitive Yoga for Yoga Teachers and Clinicians Training, Stockbridge, MA. Farb NAS, Segal ZV, Anderson AK (2013). Mindfulness meditation training alters cortical representations of interoceptive attention. Social, Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 8(1), 15-26. Grand, David (2013). Brainspotting: The Revolutionary New Therapy for Rapid and Effective Change. Sounds True. ISBN 978-1-60407-943-2. Hepburn, Kathy S. Center for ECMHC , Georgetown University. Recognizing and Addressing Trauma in Infants, Young Children, and Their Families Huso, Deborah R., Treating Child Abuse Trauma with EMDR, Social Work Today, vol. 10, No. 2, p. 20. Kinniburgh, Blaustein, Spinazzola van der Kolk, 2005, Psychiatric Annals, pp. 424-430. Attachment, Self-Regulation Competency Levine, Peter A. (2004) It Won’t Hurt Forever. http://www.traumahealing.com Malchiodi, C. (2012, March 6). Trauma-informed expressive arts therapy. Retrieved July 15, 2012, from Psychology Today: http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/the-healing-arts/201203/trauma-informed- expressive-arts-therapy McGuinness, V. (2001). Integrating play therapy and EMDR with children. EMDRResources.com. Nordqvist, Joseph. What is Biofeedback Therapy?, Medical News Today. September 11, 2014. Phelps, Don. (2012) Therapeutic Use of Expressive Arts With Children. Retrieved from http://www.socialworktoday.com/archive/exc_020712.shtml Schultz PN, Remick-Barlow GA, Robbins L. Equine-assisted psychotherapy (EAP): a mental health promotion/intervention modality for children who have experienced intra-family violence. 2007 May;15(3):265-71. Schwarz, Lisa. The Comprehensive Resource Model. http://www.comprehensiveresourcemodel.com Shapiro, F. (2001). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: Basic principles, protocols, and procedures (2nd Ed.). New York, NY: Guilford Press. van der Kolk B. A., Stone L., West J., Rhodes A., Emerson D., Suvak M., et al. (2014). Yoga as an adjunctive treatment for PTSD. J. Clin. Psychiatry 75 e559–e565. 10.4088/JCP.13m08561