Vagrant introduction for Developers
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This document summarizes a presentation on using Vagrant for development. The presentation covers motivation for using Vagrant, basic Vagrant usage, provisioning Vagrant machines with Chef cookbooks, and creating custom base images with Packer. The agenda includes an introduction to Vagrant, demonstrating common Vagrant commands, modifying Vagrantfiles to configure VMs, provisioning VMs with Chef recipes, and using Packer to build reusable base images.
![Modifying scripts
Vagrantfile
Vagrant.configure "2" do |config|
config.vm.box = "vagrant-1"
config.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box"
config.vm.hostname = “vmhost"
config.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 80, host: 1080
config.vm.synced_folder “webapp/", "/var/www“
config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |v|
v.customize ["modifyvm", :id, "--memory", 1024]
end
end](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/vagrantforjavav1-140312162648-phpapp01/85/Vagrant-introduction-for-Developers-21-320.jpg)
![Vagrantfile
Vagrant.configure "2" do |config|
config.vm.define :ubuntu1204 do |ubuntu1204|
ubuntu1204.vm.box = "example4-ubuntu-12.10"
ubuntu1204.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup..."
ubuntu1204.vm.hostname = "example4-ubuntu-1210"
ubuntu1204.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 80, host: 1080
ubuntu1204.vm.network :private_network, ip: "34.33.33.10"
end
config.vm.define :ubuntu1310 do |ubuntu1310|
ubuntu1310.vm.box = "example4-ubuntu-13.10"
ubuntu1310.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup..."
ubuntu1310.vm.hostname = "example4-ubuntu-1310"
ubuntu1204.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 80, host: 2080
ubuntu1204.vm.network :private_network, ip: "34.33.33.11"
end
config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |v|
v.customize ["modifyvm", :id, "--memory", 1024]
end
end](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/vagrantforjavav1-140312162648-phpapp01/85/Vagrant-introduction-for-Developers-23-320.jpg)
Vagrant introduction for Developers
- 2. Presenter - Technology Architect at Accenture - 10+ years Enterprise Java Developmentg - Areas of work: - Open Source activist - DevOps evangelist - Technical and OO Trainer - Cloud and PaaS development http://www.linkedin.com/in/antonskranga
- 3. Motivation Basic Vagrant Usage Provisioning with Cookbooks Base Images Creation Agenda
- 4. Motivation Basic Vagrant Usage Provisioning with Cookbooks Base Images Creation Agenda
- 5. How do you manage your Dev Env?
- 6. Low or no automation at all Long error-prone install guides Painful maintenance or recovery Painful rollback No team collaboration Host everything natviely
- 7. Master Image contains: - All software installed - All configuration Hosted typically in project File Server Often maintained by one Person No team collaboration Master Image
- 8. Master Image: Problems Hard to distribute in big teams Maintenance process is manual Hard to maintain in parallel Cannot use Version Control System
- 9. Just Enough Operating System
- 10. - Written declaratively (just enough ruby DSL) - Repeatable - OS agnostic - Source control - Help from Community - Testable JEOS Naked OS Configuration
- 11. V for Vagrant www.vagrantup.com Off Site www.vagrantbox.es VM Images https://github.com/opscode/bento VM Images from Chef Useful Links:
- 12. Vagrant - Vagrant will mange VM for you - Can create whole stack of VMs - Describe VM resources in Configuration - Can put configuration in Source Control - Easy to distribute and update
- 13. Motivation Basic Vagrant Usage Provisioning with Cookbooks Base Images Creation Agenda
- 14. Quick start shell $ vagrant up Vagrantfile Vagrant.configure "2" do |config| config.vm.box = "vagrant-1" config.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box" end
- 15. Quick start v2 shell $ vagrant box add NAME http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box $ vagrant init # modify Vagrantfile until you happy $ vagrant up
- 16. Most useful commands shell $ vagrant ssh # Connect to VM $ vagrant reload # Connect to VM $ vagrant halt # Stop VM $ vagrant destroy # delete VM $ vagrant package # Create snapshot (.box file)
- 17. Modifying scripts Vagrantfile Vagrant.configure "2" do |config| config.vm.box = "vagrant-1" config.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box" end
- 18. Modifying scripts Vagrantfile Vagrant.configure "2" do |config| config.vm.box = "vagrant-1" config.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box" config.vm.hostname = “vmhost" end
- 19. Modifying scripts Vagrantfile Vagrant.configure "2" do |config| config.vm.box = "vagrant-1" config.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box" config.vm.hostname = “vmhost" config.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 80, host: 1080 end
- 20. Modifying scripts Vagrantfile Vagrant.configure "2" do |config| config.vm.box = "vagrant-1" config.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box" config.vm.hostname = “vmhost" config.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 80, host: 1080 config.vm.synced_folder “webapp/", "/var/www" end
- 21. Modifying scripts Vagrantfile Vagrant.configure "2" do |config| config.vm.box = "vagrant-1" config.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box" config.vm.hostname = “vmhost" config.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 80, host: 1080 config.vm.synced_folder “webapp/", "/var/www“ config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |v| v.customize ["modifyvm", :id, "--memory", 1024] end end
- 22. Demo
- 23. Vagrantfile Vagrant.configure "2" do |config| config.vm.define :ubuntu1204 do |ubuntu1204| ubuntu1204.vm.box = "example4-ubuntu-12.10" ubuntu1204.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup..." ubuntu1204.vm.hostname = "example4-ubuntu-1210" ubuntu1204.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 80, host: 1080 ubuntu1204.vm.network :private_network, ip: "34.33.33.10" end config.vm.define :ubuntu1310 do |ubuntu1310| ubuntu1310.vm.box = "example4-ubuntu-13.10" ubuntu1310.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup..." ubuntu1310.vm.hostname = "example4-ubuntu-1310" ubuntu1204.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 80, host: 2080 ubuntu1204.vm.network :private_network, ip: "34.33.33.11" end config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |v| v.customize ["modifyvm", :id, "--memory", 1024] end end
- 24. Motivation Basic Vagrant Usage Provisioning with Cookbooks Base Images Creation Agenda
- 25. - You declare what software you want - Chef will provision it for you - Over 1300 cookbooks Chef
- 26. Before you start shell # install Chef plugin $ vagrant plugin install vagrant-omnibus # install Berkshelf plugin $ vagrant plugin install vagrant-berkshelf # Kind of apt-cache for Vagrant $ vagrant plugin install vagrant-cachier
- 27. Update configuration Vagrantfile Vagrant.configure "2" do |config| config.vm.box = "vagrant-5" config.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box" config.vm.hostname = “localhost" config.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 80, host: 1080 config.vm.synced_folder “webapp/", "/var/www“ config.omnibus.chef_version = :latest config.berkshelf.enabled = true config.cache.auto_detect = true end
- 28. Update configuration Vagrantfile Vagrant.configure "2" do |config| config.vm.box = "vagrant-5" config.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box" config.vm.hostname = “localhost" config.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 80, host: 1080 config.vm.synced_folder “webapp/", "/var/www“ config.omnibus.chef_version = :latest config.berkshelf.enabled = true config.cache.auto_detect = true config.vm.provision :chef_solo do |chef| chef.add_recipe “apache2“ end end
- 29. Create berkshelf configuration Berksfile site :opscode metadata cookbook "apache2"
- 30. Provisioning commands shell # to provision for first time just enough $ vagrant up # to restart VM $ vagrant reload --provision # to provision without restart $ vagrant provision
- 31. Demo
- 32. Create berkshelf configuration Berksfile site :opscode metadata cookbook 'apt' cookbook 'git' cookbook 'tomcat', git: "https://github.com/opscode-cookbooks/tomcat.git" cookbook 'maven' cookbook 'mongodb' # cookbook 'mycookbook', :path => "cookbooks/mycookbook"
- 33. Vagrantfile Vagrant.configure "2" do |config| config.vm.box = "vagrant-5" config.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box" config.vm.hostname = “localhost" config.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 8080, host: 1080 config.omnibus.chef_version = :latest config.berkshelf.enabled = true config.cache.auto_detect = true config.vm.provision :chef_solo do |chef| chef.add_recipe "mongodb::10gen_repo" chef.add_recipe "apt" chef.add_recipe "git" chef.add_recipe "maven" chef.add_recipe "mongodb" chef.add_recipe "tomcat" end end
- 34. Vagrantfile Vagrant.configure "2" do |config| config.vm.box = "vagrant-5" config.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box" config.vm.hostname = “localhost" config.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 8080, host: 1080 ... config.vm.provision :chef_solo do |chef| chef.add_recipe "mongodb::10gen_repo" chef.add_recipe "apt" chef.add_recipe "git" chef.add_recipe "maven" chef.add_recipe "mongodb" chef.add_recipe "tomcat" chef.json = { "java" => { "jdk_version" => "7", "install_flavor" => "openjdk" } } end end
- 35. Vagrantfile Vagrant.configure "2" do |config| config.vm.box = "vagrant-5" config.vm.box_url = "http://files.vagrantup.com/precise64.box" config.vm.hostname = “localhost" config.vm.network :forwarded_port, guest: 8080, host: 1080 ... config.vm.provision :chef_solo do |chef| chef.add_recipe "mongodb::10gen_repo" chef.add_recipe "apt" chef.add_recipe "git" chef.add_recipe "maven" chef.add_recipe "mongodb" chef.add_recipe "tomcat" chef.json = { "java" => { "jdk_version" => "7", "install_flavor" => "oracle", "accept_oracle_download_terms" => true } } end end
- 36. Motivation Basic Vagrant Usage Provisioning with Cookbooks Base Images Creation Agenda
- 37. Motivation Custom project specifics OS-level patching Produce Stemcells (preinstalled images) True Infra-as-code
- 38. Tools we need “Packer is a tool for creating identical machine images for multiple platforms…” - Off Site: packer.io - Written in Go - Must be installed to ~/pakcer “Bento is set of Packer templates for building Vagrant baseboxes” - Off Site: opscode.github.io/bento/ - Maintained by Chef
- 39. Shell $ git clone https://github.com/opscode/bento.git $ cd bento/packer bento/packer $ packer build ubuntu-13.10-amd64.json Quick start with Packer
- 40. Shell $ git clone https://github.com/opscode/bento.git $ cd bento/packer bento/packer $ packer build ubuntu-13.10-amd64.json Quick start with Packer
- 41. Shell bento/packer $ packer build -only=virtualbox-iso ubuntu-13.10-amd64.json Little bit more tuning
- 42. Shell bento/packer $ packer build -only=virtualbox -var-file=variables.json ubuntu-13.10-amd64.json Little bit more tuning variables.json { "chef_version": "latest", "mirror": "../builds/iso/" }
- 43. Demo
- 44. Thank You!