Values story-to-brexit-split-part-1
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The document discusses how societal values have shifted over time in the UK from predominantly Settler values to more Prospector and Pioneer values. It attributes this shift to improving living standards and security after World War 2 that allowed more people to meet their basic needs for safety and belonging, enabling them to pursue higher-level needs like esteem and self-actualization. As more needs were met, more people transitioned along the Settler-Prospector-Pioneer spectrum. However, the Great Recession caused values to shift back slightly as safety needs became more prominent again. The document used historical data on factors like life expectancy, child mortality, and home ownership to evidence the meeting of basic needs over the 20th century
![In 2009 analysis showed income
inequality had significantly reduced in
the UK from the 1940s to 1979 but then
began to increase again
In 2015 LSE (et al)
analysis showed post
recession (2006-12)
55-64 had got richer
while those in their
20s were on average
15% poorer, with
rapidly falling real
wages, despite being
better educated than
previous generations.
“By 2010 to 2012, the median
total wealth for households
aged 55 to 64 [had] grown to
£425,000, but had fallen to
£60,000 for those aged 25-34.”
0 50,000 100,000 150,000 200,000 250,000 300,000 350,000 400,000 450,000
25-34 yrs
55- 64 yrs
AverageHousehold Wealth UK by Age
PostRecession 2012 £
Poorer
than
parents
41](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/values-story-to-brexit-split-part-1-170325000533/85/Values-story-to-brexit-split-part-1-41-320.jpg)
![“the Remain campaign would do well to try and attract more active support from the Prospectors and
in particular, the Now People [the leading edge Prospectors].
… In short the Remain campaign has been somewhat dull and lacking in any sort of fun, positivity, or
convincing optimism. Now People are hugely influential but seek success and having a good
time. Any brief to engage them with the rather passive idea of ‘remain’ (which sounds a lot like stay
where you are, not a very Now Person idea) has to be about having a better time being in Europe, than
if we go out.
you need to talk to them about life outside work. Earning money is after all about being able to play
hard too … Farrage plays the Settler even if he isn’t one, and does so convincingly. The Remain camp
has had no such Now Person spokesperson walking the walk.
The Now People want to wind time forwards – ‘Remain’ despite its name, needs to show that’s what
being in the EU will be all about. Modernity and opportunity and a better chance of success, at work
and play. Taking the Eurostar to Paris rather than the A12 to Clacton.
The Remain camp leadership has made no noticeable attempt to communicate anything about what
makes it enjoyable to be in Europe, to remind people why they like it … or to equip their followers with
arguments and evidence about what is good about the EU in personal, family and human experience
terms rather than macro-economics.
… Huge areas of governance in which the EU plays a crucial role – of which environment is but one –
have been simply left off the agenda of Remain. It could be a crucial piece of mis-targeting”.
http://threeworlds.campaignstrategy.org/?p=1099 June 13 2016
‘Remain’ missed the Now People
Campaign Strategy Ltd/ CDSM 2017
55](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/values-story-to-brexit-split-part-1-170325000533/85/Values-story-to-brexit-split-part-1-55-320.jpg)
Values story-to-brexit-split-part-1
- 1. The Values Story of the Brexit Split (Part 1) chris@campaignstrategy.co.uk www.campaignstrategy.org February 2017 Campaign Strategy Ltd/ CDSM 2017 1
- 2. Values Model 101: Groups and Dynamics Thanks to Pat Dade and Les Higgins of CDSM Cultural Dynamics Strategy and Marketing www.cultdyn.co.uk for use of data and materials in this blog/ presentation. Contact me (Chris Rose) at chris@campaignstrategy.co.uk Campaign Strategy Ltd/ CDSM 2017 2
- 3. Safety and belonging Success aka Pioneer aka Prospector aka Settler Maslow’s hierarchy of Needs – CDSM version www.cultdyn.co.uk - the unmet need is the dominant need Meeting unmet needs turns Settlers into Prospectors, and Prospectors in Pioneers http://threeworlds.campaignstrategy.org/?p=1420 More info/ intro Campaign Strategy Ltd/ CDSM 2017 3
- 4. Prospectors – outer directed: need for success, esteem of others then self esteem. Acquire and display symbols of success. Settlers - need for security driven: safety, security, identity belonging. Keep things small, local, avoid risk Pioneers – inner directed. Need to connect actions with values, explore ideas, experiment. Networking, interests, ethics, innovation Drivers and behaviours – unmet needs Campaign Strategy Ltd/ CDSM 2017 4
- 5. “It could be me !” - rewards, material wealth, visible success, recognize me, bling, lottery, ‘nice’ , recommendations “Big ideas, small steps” Take care of us, control, set rules, keep it small, defend our rights, discipine “Look after number one” Survival is success, accept your lot, keep to the rules, don’t rock the boat, just give me the facts, the old ways are best “I want the world and want it now !” – live to shop, designer, adventure, experiences, the latest stuff, party, fabulous, give nothing up “Be a better person to make the world a better place” – do things for the right reasons, rules to help people be better, justice, ethics, opinions “Looking to see what I might find” – life is fun, try new things, intrigue, the unknown, complexity, possibility 12 Values Modes (showing edge Modes only) BELONGING SAFETY ESTEEM OF OTHERS SELF ESTEEM ETHICAL COMPLEXITY ETHICAL CLARITY Brave New World RootsGolden Dreamer Now Person Concerned Ethical Transcender Campaign Strategy Ltd/ CDSM 2017 5
- 6. Aspiration Busy Fun Wrong Clothes Safety National pride Adventure Novelty Image Achievement Premium shopper Fantasy Hedonism Traditional Family Control Reserved Adaptable No Sweat Confident Sexual Unplanned Green intent Inquisitive Faith Divided Catharsis Propriety Stimulation Big business Two classes Learner Showhome Looking Good Pleasure Visible Success Material Wealth Power Healthy Lifestyle Local Humble Overspend Speculate Visible Ability Sensitive Good Time Certainty Impulsive Spender Simmer Hetero-love Unobliged Luddism Religious Conformity Discipline Acquiescence Non-reflective Security National Security Insular Indulgent Diet Rules Complacent Force Skeptical Irresolute Be Satisfied Socialist Tradition WYSIWYG Coasting Non-acquisitive Independent Universalism Pessimism Openness Justice Optimism Free Artisan Cheerful Exhilaration Aesthetics Listening Tao Self-direction Buzz Creativity Global Caring Loyalty Benevolence Self-choice Nature Solitary Bodily Ease Functional Spender Bender Car Casual Whip Afraid Shangri-la Stupid law Budget Bedlam Patriarchy Revenge Conscience Forgiveness Joyness Positive green Distant Poverty aware Self-efficacy Group Morality Pragmatic Individualistic Personal Ethics 2016 CDSM Values Map Makes ‘groups’ by comparing responses to 1000s of attitude and belief questions Map shows 100 question combination ‘Attributes’ most separating the data 6
- 7. Settlers Prospectors Pioneers No thanks, you lead I’d rather not hear them Maybe – if you can show me it works What’s the right answer ? Of course – and I have my own ideas But are you asking the right ones (there are no ‘right answers’) Change ? Questions ? Campaign Strategy Ltd/ CDSM 2017 7
- 8. Sense of Self-Agency Low Seek to follow strong, authoritative, trusted leaders, ‘one of us’. Otherwise world changes me, I don’t change the world. Dependent. High Yes I/we can change the world. We’ll think of a solution. Seek interdependence. Gets higher Self agency starts low but gets higher with transitions within Prospectors. Seek to be ‘independent’. Want to adopt proven ways to make world better. Campaign Strategy Ltd/ CDSM 2017 8
- 9. Past, Present and Future Past Future Present The future will be good – it’s where I will succeed. Invested in optimism about mechanisms of success, eg tech. High expectations. The present can be best. Seek optimisation and reform. ‘Realistic’ optimism. The past was better. Good old days. Pessimistic about change. Low expectations. Campaign Strategy Ltd/ CDSM 2017 9
- 10. Meeting unmet needs turns Settlers into Prospectors, and Prospectors in Pioneers. Driven by life experiences. From What Makes People Tick: The Three Hidden Worlds of Settlers, Prospectors and Pioneers People Dynamic Campaign Strategy Ltd/ CDSM 2017 10
- 11. People can move – overall from Settlers> Prospectors > Pioneers as they meet needs From What Makes People Tick: The Three Hidden Worlds of Settlers, Prospectors and Pioneers Like taking seats in a stadium, people move if they meet their needs. If conditions for gaining esteem deteriorate, Prospectors may ‘slip back’. Campaign Strategy Ltd/ CDSM 2017 11
- 12. New ideas and behaviours move the opposite way –from Pioneers> Prospectors > Settlers Norming Adoption of the new normal Emulation Adoption of ideas that look ‘successful’ Social Change Dynamic fashion Resist change until it looks normal: then seek Rules from authority to embed it, and enforce. Constant experimentation and exploration of new ideas and behaviours. Campaign Strategy Ltd/ CDSM 2017 12
- 13. Different in many ways so what holds them together ? social elastic • Differences are significant but rarely absolute • Many shared values eg ‘being a parent’ • Attributes nearer the centre of the map are more in common • With free-choice groups tend to self-select by values activities, social networks, venues etc and so avoid conflict • Social bonds of family, friendship and culture & interests • Utility eg at work: Settlers perfect essential functions, Prospectors are the turbo-boosters, Pioneers the experimenters • Common experiences and interdependencies eg reliance on public services, common bonds formed in national or community wide efforts, common understanding eg from media • Human contact and expecting to see one another again and needing to get along Campaign Strategy Ltd/ CDSM 2017 13
- 14. Getting Along examples Why Sophies friends go to support the Team: “My dad did and his before him: it’s us” (Settler) “It’s a winning side and a great day out” (Prospector) For the beauty of the game, win or lose (Pioneer) Dr. Sophie Smith Engineer “It wasn’t ever a womans job of course but she’s first in our family to go to University” “My sister will have great future and make really good money – get a house” “The world needs more engineers, especially women” Same behaviour, different ‘reasons’ Acceptance of change rationalised in different ways 14
- 15. Prospector PioneerSettler Prospector PioneerSettler Prospector PioneerSettler The Social ElasticLittle change, high cohesion/ understanding, inter-dependencies Moderate change; less cohesion/ understanding, testing inter-dependencies Elastic stretching: big change; little cohesion/ understanding, fewer inter-dependencies Direction of change Eg social media causes living in comm’s bubbles, lives separate due to greater mobility & more choice but fewer common experiences (bowling alone – or in values silos) 15
- 16. Change over time Campaign Strategy Ltd/ CDSM 2017 16
- 17. Maslow – society = people with different dominant needs Pioneer Prospector Settler Maslow drew his needs groups in a pyramid. For most of human history values surveys, they had existed, would probably have been nearly all red - Settler Campaign Strategy Ltd/ CDSM 2017 17
- 18. Factors keeping people as Settlers would have included • Chronic insecurity: war, strife, disorder • High dangers of death and disease Indicators from the past include: • Mortality rates and lifespan • Infant mortality Statistical studies of such factors by the late Hans Rosling of GapMinder and others Campaign Strategy Ltd/ CDSM 2017 18
- 19. Life expectancy began to rise significantly in the Industrial Revolution It accelerated in the C20th 19
- 20. Child mortality fell Drivers of both include: material productivity, better living conditions, nutrition and sanitation, law and order, security, energy use, education (= development) 20
- 21. 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 1 UK 2016 Pioneer Prospector Settler 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 1 UK 1973 Pioneer Prospector Settler 2016 Settler 25 Prospector 37 Pioneer 38 1973 Settler 56 Prospector 25 Pioneer 19 First CDSM type values UK survey in 1973 still found society was majority Settler but with many Pioneers and Prospectors By 2016 Pioneers were the largest group and Settlers the smallest – a lot had changed and the ‘pyramid’ would be top-heavy Campaign Strategy Ltd/ CDSM 2017 21
- 22. Post World War 2: UK introduced a free National Health Service, a Welfare State and expanded free universal education. Economy grew. Material goods and home ownership became more widely attainable. Feelings of security & opportunities to acquire and display the symbols of success (Prospector need) increased More Settlers could become Prospectors http://citywire.co.uk/money/chart-of-the-day-the-uk-a-nation-of-homeowners-it-appears- not/a571075 Good Times > Values change Campaign Strategy Ltd/ CDSM 2017 22
- 23. http://worldlywise.pbworks.com/w/page/40190697/Unit%203%20-%20Introduction%20to%20tourism https://www.statista.com/statistics/289017/washing-machine-ownership-in-the-uk/ More people got cars, increasing freedoms of mobility And washing machines, increasing free time to do other things Campaign Strategy Ltd/ CDSM 2017 23
- 24. And colour tvs, phones, and computers And started to take foreign holidays and spend more and more money on leisure experiences http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20160105160709/http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/ghs/general-lifestyle- survey/2011/rpt-40-years.html http://www.seasidehistory.co.uk/seaside_statistics.html Campaign Strategy Ltd/ CDSM 2017 24
- 25. 1930s Elite travel only 1950s Mass travel 1960s Jet Set > Mass air travel 1970s Back packing More people transitioned to Prospectors and to Pioneers through new experiences and opportunities, eg leisure travel C21st utility http://www.ultraswank.net/travel/luggage-ocean-liners-1960s-international-jet-set/ Campaign Strategy Ltd/ CDSM 2017 25
- 26. Wider and further education grew. Minimum school leaving age 12>14 in 1918, 15 in 1947, 16 in 1972. More went to university Even today (university) students are more likely to have become Pioneers http://threeworlds.campaignstrategy.org/?p=37 http://www.leeds.ac.uk/educol/documents/000000350.htm Campaign Strategy Ltd/ CDSM 2017 26
- 27. More Pioneers led to the creation and acceptance of new attitudes. Eg ‘unconventional’ sexual orientation in the US. Gay relations and gay marriage. Pioneers are first to accept this, followed by Prospectors, then Settlers. In 2004 the US was 49% Prospector (Environics). In 2012 it was 49% Pioneer (CDSM). Similar in UK. http://www.gallup.com/poll/1651/gay-lesbian-rights.aspx Pew Campaign Strategy Ltd/ CDSM 2017 27
- 28. Political Parties lost touch Campaign Strategy Ltd/ CDSM 2017 28
- 29. Third Way, ‘centre wins’ Professionalisation Less government, more market forces Only Swing Votes count Hollowing out of parties Media is everything Social Media is everything Embrace globalisation 1980s – 2000s Politics Decoupling From People MADE IN CHINA “But what do they actually do ?” “I don’t know who is in control. We don’t make our own stuff any more” “I can’t tell the difference between them” “Don’t see them round here: it’s all focus groups & spin” “What about my issues: why bother voting ?” “Nobody I know is involved” “Just stuff on TV” “Who ? Not in my feed” Campaign Strategy Ltd/ CDSM 2017 29 ROBERT HUFFSTUTTER
- 30. Generations of Pioneers abandoned political parties as concerns marginalised. Participated in cause campaigns and ‘single issues’ politics NGOs Consequences Campaign Strategy Ltd/ CDSM 2017 30
- 31. Many Settlers abandoned traditional party allegiances as group identity and local contact eroded. Some turned to small parties with identity focus eg UKIP, SNP. UKIP heartland 2014 Consequences Campaign Strategy Ltd/ CDSM 2017 31
- 32. Many Prospectors lost interest in politics and went shopping. And into business. How to run an effective meeting by PRONguyen Hung Vu, on Flickr. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 Generic License. Working UK population Consequences Campaign Strategy Ltd/ CDSM 2017 32
- 33. Turnout at most elections fell from 1945 to the 2000s. Trust in politicians also gradually declined. Consequences Campaign Strategy Ltd/ CDSM 2017 33
- 34. 2000s: recession causes values change to miss a beat Campaign Strategy Ltd/ CDSM 2017 34
- 35. The values conveyor works like this. In ‘good times’ more people gradually end up to the right. RT SS BNW CF GD HF NP TP TS CE FI TX Settlers Prospectors Pioneers Life experiences Needs for Safety Security Identity belonging Needs for Esteem from others Self esteem Post esteem needs Esteem Needs met Safety needs met Campaign Strategy Ltd/ CDSM 2017 35
- 36. 1973 - 2005 CDSM surveys (sample below) showed a progressive decline in the number of Settlers and increase in Prospectors/ Pioneers. Then in 2008 and 2010 (2010 shown below) Settler numbers increased. The ‘values conveyor’ had stalled and for some, gone into reverse. Now working very slowly in the UK. First rise in Settlers in over 20 years. 1973 2000 2005 2010 2016 Pioneer 19 35 38 40 38 Prospector 25 31 38 28 37 Settler 56 34 24 32 25 ? Campaign Strategy Ltd/ CDSM 2017 36
- 37. People queuing outside a branch in Golders Green, London, on 14 September 2007, to withdraw their savings due to fallout from the subprime crisis (photo Alex Gunningham from London, Perfidious Albion (UK plc)) Northern Rock 2007 Crash and Great Recession 2008 - 9 2008 jump in % Settlers and fall in Prospectors first measured here This coincided with economic recession Campaign Strategy Ltd/ CDSM 2017 37
- 38. The broken conveyor ? (2008- ?) RT SS BNW CF GD HF NP TP TS CE FI TX Settlers Prospectors Pioneers Some Prospectors have ‘slipped back’, leading to an accumulation of GDs and BNWs. This means GDs are now a combustible mixture of anxious optimists (“it really could be me !”) and angry, disappointed and puzzled triers – “someone stole my dream – someone is to blame” Most probable cause: declining real expectations, worsening social outcomes Campaign Strategy Ltd/ CDSM 2017 38
- 39. FI TS SS CF Brave New World RootsGolden Dreamer Now Person Concerned Ethical Transcender HF TP FI TS SS CF Settler Pioneer Prospector Values Modes Consequences BNW Brave New World: most assertive of Settlers; protective of ‘us’; dominant unmet need, to affirm identity. Stalled in transition to GD Golden Dreamers ? GD Golden Dreamer Prospectors: dominant unmet need, esteem of others. Some ‘fell back’ to Settler (BNW) ? Other Prospector Values Modes shrank in size, ‘fell back’ to Golden Dreamer Combustible mixture: angry, puzzled, disappointed Primed society for division ? Reinforced natural pessimism Remained more optimistic Campaign Strategy Ltd/ CDSM 2017 39
- 40. http://citywire.co.uk/money/chart-of-the-day-the-uk-a-nation-of-homeowners-it-appears- not/a571075 The effects of recession were complex, for example in the UK pensioners were protected by government policies while younger people were not but it shook confidence. Home ownership rates went into decline as homes became increasingly unaffordable to the young: the sort of signal that families notice in everyday life. Felt like ‘Good Times’ were over. Loss of optimism Campaign Strategy Ltd/ CDSM 2017 40
- 41. In 2009 analysis showed income inequality had significantly reduced in the UK from the 1940s to 1979 but then began to increase again In 2015 LSE (et al) analysis showed post recession (2006-12) 55-64 had got richer while those in their 20s were on average 15% poorer, with rapidly falling real wages, despite being better educated than previous generations. “By 2010 to 2012, the median total wealth for households aged 55 to 64 [had] grown to £425,000, but had fallen to £60,000 for those aged 25-34.” 0 50,000 100,000 150,000 200,000 250,000 300,000 350,000 400,000 450,000 25-34 yrs 55- 64 yrs AverageHousehold Wealth UK by Age PostRecession 2012 £ Poorer than parents 41
- 42. In the US Chetty et al found in 2016 that real absolute inequality had increased since 1940. Fewer and fewer children were earning more than their parents. The ‘dream’ of each generation becoming better off was fading. Richer people were cushioned by rising investment values eg shares and house prices but those reliant on wage income were more vulnerable. 42
- 43. Brexit (and Trump) rang the Division Bell Richard Pope - The division bell Campaign Strategy Ltd/ CDSM 2017 43
- 44. http://www.economist.com/news/britain/21661667-immigration-has- become-biggest-worry-many-britons-tunnel-vision 2004 8 new States join EU incl Poland, Lithuania, Estonia, Latvia 2014 controls on EU immigration from Romania and Bulgaria also lifted Boat arrivals Italy Greece peak Oct 2015 recession Immigration + Recession + EU Migrant Crisis 44
- 45. 2004 8 new States join EU incl Poland, Lithuania, Estonia, Latvia. Labour estimates 13k migrants/yr assuming Germany opens market but it doesn’t. Actual is 50,000/yr. May 2015 Cameron wins election, promises EU Referendum recession 2015 EU Migrant crisis Calais ‘Jungle’ June 2016 UKIP Nigel Farage and Leave.EU campaign on immigration in Referendum and Britain votes for Brexit Immigration & politics August 2015 Germany opens borders to refugees November 2015 Paris terror attack 2009 UKIP comes 2nd in Euro Elections Campaign Strategy Ltd/ CDSM 2017 45
- 46. + Terrorism Promises of security + Leave campaigns target Settlers, GDs + + Vote for the past Anti-EU anti-corporatist Pioneers – TTIP and Left wing Libertarian anti-EU right-wing Pioneer free-traders + Fustodians Simple binary clear choice raising turnout Strong activation of pre-existing Settler/GD fears and desires X Values split on Brexit Values priming by stalled Conveyor: angry and frightened BNW, GDs are ignited ~ loud values FUD factors combine Some Pioneers and Now People voted Brexit or did not vote Campaign Strategy Ltd/ CDSM 2017 46
- 47. Values Split on Europe (Dec 15 survey) NPs + Pioneers agree EU overall a benefit, Settlers and GDs not. + Same values split on immigration. Agree: ‘Too many foreigners in my country’ (long standing result) Values differences among political parties and media, reflected in Referendum campaign “Take Control”: Power – Golden Dreamer hotbutton 47
- 48. Age and Brexit 0.0% 5.0% 10.0% 15.0% 20.0% 25.0% 30.0% 65+ 55-64 45-54 35-44 25-34 21-24 18-20 Settler Ashcroft reported that older people voted more to Leave Settlers skew to older and are far less Pro-EU The highest proportions of Settlers are in the older UK population age groups There is no CDSM post-Referendum values voting or turnout survey but the pre-Referendum pro/anti EU values surveys and the age voting patterns found by Ashcroft, plus values-age data suggests that high values activation of Settlers played a role in ‘Brexit’* *values data base representative of UK population; Ashcroft data base representative of GE15 voting population UK older population age groups are bigger than under 35s Campaign Strategy Ltd/ CDSM 2017 48
- 49. “The AB social group (broadly speaking, professionals and managers) were the only social group among whom a majority voted to remain (57%). C1s divided fairly evenly; nearly two thirds of C2DEs (64%) voted to leave the EU”. - Ashcroft survey AB C1 C2 DE Above: UK pop. Values and class. AB are 16% over index (pop av. = 100). C1 shows no significant values skew. C2 skews to Prospector/Settler, DE to Settler (by 45%). Voting in the Referendum analysed by £ class broadly matches pro/anti EU values differences Remain Split Leave Leave Campaign Strategy Ltd/ CDSM 2017 49
- 50. Values a stronger indicator than class (£) Source: It’s NOT the economy, stupid: Brexit as a story of personal values. Highlighted ‘death penalty’ which did not feature in campaigning. But Attributes such as ‘Discipline’ and ‘Whip’ are centred in the Settlers “Brexit voters, like Trump supporters, are motivated by identity, not economics. Age, education, national identity and ethnicity are more important than income or occupation. But to get to the nub of the Leave-Remain divide, we need to go even deeper, to the level of attitudes and personality” Prof Eric Kaufmann, Birkbeck College London “I believe that strict discipline is in a child’s best interests. I think that criminals should face severe sentences to deter them from offending again” I believe that sex crimes, such as rape and attacks on children, deserve more than mere imprisonment. I think that such criminals ought to be publicly whipped, or worse 71% of those most in favour of the death penalty said they would vote Leave but only 20 percent of those most opposed to capital punishment. 50
- 51. Sources Kaufmann: Trump and Brexit: why it’s again NOT the economy, stupid & The indicators that show who voted for Trump and Brexit Settler values response triggered by rate of cultural challenge from immigration Immigration #1 concern for White Leave voters. Rate of ethnic change positively correlated with Brexit vote. (Standardised for actual level of ethnic minorities in ward). Approvers of Trump & Brexit voters agree: “whip” Campaign Strategy Ltd/ CDSM 2017 51
- 52. Events and Leave campaign triggered and played on feelings of being overwhelmed (immigration), loss of control (Europe decides) + threats (eg terrorism) Settler + Golden Dreamer values activated by perceived external threat, led to Authoritarian response Without a critical level of threat to norms and feeling loss of control, attitudes such as “too many foreigners in my country” remain latent: potential Authoritarians remain (reluctantly) tolerant … but this time Meanwhile Remain mostly talked about generic economic benefits of EU Research by Karen Stenner explained by J Haidt Stern School of Business “It’s as though some people have a button on their foreheads, and when the button is pushed, they suddenly become intensely focused on defending their in-group, kicking out foreigners and non-conformists, and stamping out dissent within the group. At those times they are more attracted to strongmen and the use of force”. Jonathan Haidt 2016 Reuters 52
- 53. Plus, Settler + Golden Dreamer values activated by perceived internal threat: ‘Political Correctness’ Greenberg found rejection of ‘Political Correctness’ was the 2nd most powerful of 138 indicators of voting for Trump. When Pioneer-originated new behaviours and attitudes spread by emulation and norming, change is gradually accepted and becomes normal. Eg (UK) health and safety, smoking rules, drink driving. Here Pioneers and some Prospectors have adopted the change. But if Pioneers try to get ahead of the wave and demand that others adopt the change it may generate rejection. Ethical projection Most often happens when the overtly ethical wing of the Pioneers, (Concerned Ethicals) convert their own ethical judgements into non-legal rules of ‘Political Correctness’. Behave like me ! Campaign Strategy Ltd/ CDSM 2017 53
- 54. Settler + Golden Dreamer values activated by perceived internal threat: ‘Political Correctness’ In the EU Referendum Ashcroft found four ‘isms’ which so far, are more accepted by Pioneers (and Now People) than Settlers (and Golden Dreamers). Leave voters tended to see them as a ‘force for ill’. Brexit was an opportunity to reject ‘political correctness’. For example: Rejectors of ‘Patriarchy: For me, a man’s place is at work and a woman’s place is in the home. I believe men are naturally superior to women’. Campaign Strategy Ltd/ CDSM 2017 54
- 55. “the Remain campaign would do well to try and attract more active support from the Prospectors and in particular, the Now People [the leading edge Prospectors]. … In short the Remain campaign has been somewhat dull and lacking in any sort of fun, positivity, or convincing optimism. Now People are hugely influential but seek success and having a good time. Any brief to engage them with the rather passive idea of ‘remain’ (which sounds a lot like stay where you are, not a very Now Person idea) has to be about having a better time being in Europe, than if we go out. you need to talk to them about life outside work. Earning money is after all about being able to play hard too … Farrage plays the Settler even if he isn’t one, and does so convincingly. The Remain camp has had no such Now Person spokesperson walking the walk. The Now People want to wind time forwards – ‘Remain’ despite its name, needs to show that’s what being in the EU will be all about. Modernity and opportunity and a better chance of success, at work and play. Taking the Eurostar to Paris rather than the A12 to Clacton. The Remain camp leadership has made no noticeable attempt to communicate anything about what makes it enjoyable to be in Europe, to remind people why they like it … or to equip their followers with arguments and evidence about what is good about the EU in personal, family and human experience terms rather than macro-economics. … Huge areas of governance in which the EU plays a crucial role – of which environment is but one – have been simply left off the agenda of Remain. It could be a crucial piece of mis-targeting”. http://threeworlds.campaignstrategy.org/?p=1099 June 13 2016 ‘Remain’ missed the Now People Campaign Strategy Ltd/ CDSM 2017 55
- 56. Broadly speaking, Pioneers and some (Now People) Prospectors will lean towards ‘Remain’ (stay in the EU) and the instinctive support for ‘Leave’ comes from the Settlers and ‘Golden Dreamer’ Prospectors, motivated mainly by a yearning to recover an old national identity. 13 June 2016 http://threeworlds.campaignstrategy.org/?p=1035 ‘Nobody saw it coming’ … Some did of course, and Trump … but we did see the values-votes split coming, eg: AfD’s vote overlaps with wider German concern about ‘too many foreigners’ … AfD is well placed to become the voice of these disenfranchised, alienated, angry and frightened people who may not have voted in the past but now feel that there is a party which understands them … In Britain this opportunity may come on June 23rd if the ‘remain campaign’ does not get its act together. … Support for the EU is almost the mirror image of those who most support UKIP and feel there are too many foreigners in the country. The Now People (…) are significantly more pro European than the Golden Dreamers (…), showing why this is the key battleground that will probably determine whether Britain votes in or out. March 21 2016 http://threeworlds.campaignstrategy.org/?p=979 Campaign Strategy Ltd/ CDSM 2017 56
- 57. How Remainers could have won but didn’t If (which they didn’t exactly) people had all voted as Pioneer + Now People* for Remain v. Golden Dreamer* + Settler for Leave (with proportionate turnout), Remain would have won by 58.8% Remain to 41.2% Leave. As with Leave, people voted Remain for various reasons but the strongest were intuitive, values–driven. These included Optimism (a better future is possible), Universalism, and green issues (eg myself), education/ learning … others … where the EU had helped drive change in the UK. Remain failed to positively activate these values. Here’s one example: optimism, the Attribute most associated with support for Children and Youth Charities (2nd most popular charity type in the UK). This could have swung many Prospectors to Remain. 41% *plus their ‘inside’ ‘pale shadows’ Tomorrow People and Happy Followers respectively Campaign Strategy Ltd/ CDSM 2017 57
- 58. So why did it happen this time ? Campaign Strategy Ltd/ CDSM 2017 58
- 59. Why in 2016 and not before ? 1. Settlers and Golden Dreamers were primed for ‘authoritarian’ response by rate and degree of cultural change, recession (mood), and political correctness 2. Immigration posed perceived threat to cultural norms and power 3. ‘Leave’ dog whistles and events activated this response 4. Referendum format allowed highly simplified debate (compared to General Elections) elevating Settler + GD participation 5. Leave (and Trump) tactics gamed the media (controversialism, alt-truth, fake news) to set agenda 6. Remain (split, complacent etc) failed to activate positive counterweight values eg optimism, modernity and surrendered possible centre ground eg future of families, patriotism, nature 7. Leave.EU built energetic ground campaign, Remain did not 8. Labour was half-hearted in support of Remain 9. Leave.EU and Trump used big-data psychographics: opponents did not 10. Major UK parties’ reflex was to see immigration as a no-go area potentially encouraging racism; ‘Bad Boys of Brexit’ (Leave.EU) had no such qualms and campaigned well Campaign Strategy Ltd/ CDSM 2017 59
- 60. Now What ? In Part 2: • What Pioneers need to do, to avoid repeating their mistakes • How society can rebuild the ‘social elastic’ and avoid a deeper descent into values ‘bubbles’ and ‘silos’ • What it means for campaigns • What it means for politics, polling and market research Campaign Strategy Ltd/ CDSM 2017 60