Variable data printing is a form of digital printing that allows for customization of documents based on information from a database. It combines database marketing with digital printing to efficiently produce large quantities of customized marketing materials targeted towards individuals. There are two main methods - pre-printing a shell then adding variable elements digitally, or printing the entire customized document digitally. Variable data can be broken into basic, version, and full levels of customization. It is commonly used for direct mail, statements, and other marketing materials. Studies show variable data printing campaigns have response rates 9-15 times higher than traditional mass mailings.