Virtualization, A Concept Implementation of Cloud
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The document discusses the concept and implementation of virtualization, tracing its origins back to 1960s mainframes and highlighting its role in resource optimization and efficiency. It explains various types of virtualization, the function of hypervisors, and differentiates between type 1 and type 2 hypervisors. Additionally, it outlines the necessary implementation steps and prerequisites for setting up virtualization on server and client systems.
Virtualization, A Concept Implementation of Cloud
- 1. VIRTUALIZATION A CONCEPT IMPLEMENTATION CLOUD Nishant Kumar Gurukula Kangri University, Haridwar https://lectureppt.mybluemix.net
- 2. Origin • The term "virtualization" traces its roots to 1960’s mainframes, when IBM invested a lot of time and effort in developing robust time- sharing solutions. It was a method of logically dividing the mainframes resources for different applications. • Time-sharing refers to the shared usage of computer resources among a large group of users, aiming to increase the efficiency of both the users and the expensive computer resources they share.
- 3. Origin… • This model represented a major breakthrough in computer technology: the cost of providing computing capability dropped considerably and it became possible for organizations, and even individuals, to use a computer without actually owning one. • Similar reasons are driving virtualization for industry standard computing today: the capacity in a single server is so large that it is almost impossible for most workloads to effectively use it. The best way to improve resource utilization, and at the same time simplify data center management, is through virtualization.
- 5. Web Server Windows App Server Linux DB Server Linux EMail Windows
- 6. If something goes wrong ? App Server DOWN!
- 7. Why Virtualization : Advantages • Resource optimization • Maximizing Uptime • Automatically protect applications from server failure. • Easy Migrations • Protect investment in existing, legacy systems. • Optimization of workloads
- 8. Virtualization • The ability to run multiple operating systems on a single physical system and share the underlying hardware resources. • Virtualization, is a shift in thinking from physical to logical, treating resources as logical resources rather than separate physical resources
- 9. Characteristics • Partitioning: Run multiple application and operating systems in a single physical machine by partitioning the available resources • Isolation: Virtual machines are completely isolated from hosts and other virtual machines • Encapsulations: Encapsulate the entire state of a virtual machine in hardware- independent files
- 10. Types of Virtualization • HARDWARE VIRTUALIZATION • DESKTOP VIRTUALIZATION • STORAGE VIRTUALIZATION
- 11. Hypervisor • Hypervisor, also called as Virtual Machine Monitor (VMM), creates a virtual platform on the host computer, on top of which multiple guest operating systems are executed and monitored. • This way, multiple operating systems, which are either multiple instances of the same operating system, or different operating systems, can share the hardware resources offered by the host.
- 12. Hypervisor Types • Type 1: native or bare metal • Native hypervisors are software systems that run directly on the host's hardware to control the hardware, and to monitor the guest operating systems. Consequently, the guest operating system runs on a separate level above the hypervisor. Examples : Oracle VM, Microsoft Hyper-V, VMWare ESX and Xen. • Type 2: hosted • Hosted hypervisors are designed to run within a traditional operating system. In other words, a hosted hypervisor adds a distinct software layer on top of the host operating system, and the guest operating system becomes a third software level above the hardware. Example : well-known example of a hosted hypervisor is Oracle VM VirtualBox, VMWare Server and Workstation, Microsoft Virtual PC, KVM, QEMU and Parallels.
- 15. IMPLEMENTATION STEPS 1. Initially check network connection between server and client. 2. Install Virtual Manager 3. Install Hypervisor, KVM 4. Installing Virtual Machine using Virtual Machine Manager. 5. Configuring KVM 6. Now installing VNC Viewer at client side. 7. Accessing virtual machine hosted by server through VNC Viewer.
- 16. PREREQUISITE • Two systems required: • First Server with CentOS 6.4 or RedHat 6 installed. (All further implementation is done on CentOS 6.4) • Second is Client with Linux or Windows OS. • Both the systems should be on a network (connected over LAN). • Set Server IP 192.168.1.253 Client IP 192.168.1.252 • Or as per your IP range but both should be on same subnet.
- 17. SERVER-SIDE SETUP • Required Package Installation: There are two Process to install required package. • Connect to INTERNET to install all packages directly from the distributor repository. • Using available packages in CentOS or RedHat Installation Disk by creating own repository. • Setup virtualization on Server: • Open terminal. • Install KVM, a hypervisior by using. yum install kvm • Install virt-manager (Graphical tool to manage virtual machines). yum install virt-manager • Install libvirt yum install libvirt
- 18. • Start libvirt service: service libvirtd start • Open virt-manager tool to install virtual machines. virt-manger • Add new virtual machine and follow steps using Virtual Machine Manager Wizard. • After installation following screen will appear:
- 19. • Initially the hypervisor is setup to use virtual machine on local machine (127.0.0.1). To set-up to use it from the remote computer we have to configure it with the server IP address. vi /etc/libvirt/qemu.conf • Uncomment the vnc_listen parameter and replace 127.0.0.1 with your Server IP. vnc_listen=”192.168.1.253”
- 20. • Once a virtual machine is setup a configuration file is created for each virtual machine in /etc/libvirt/qemu/ directory with the name of the virtual machine. • Edit this VM Configuration file to allow the VNC access of this virtual machine, we can also add password to stop unauthorized access to the virtual machine (optional).
- 21. • Now our virtual machine is ready to be accessed remotely, just we need to know on which port qemu is listening, to know that just run the following command: virsh vncdisplay <virtual_machine_name> OR netstat –tuplen
- 22. CLIENT-SIDE SETUP Setup client side to access the virtual machine: • Install any VNC Viewer. yum install tigervnc • Open VNC Viewer • Provide IP of Server and Port no on which virtual machine is running.
- 23. • Here you are in Virtual Machine running on Server. • Now use the server resources remotely.