Info Viz by Liz
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The document discusses the concept of information visualization, its purposes, and the design guidelines that enhance user interaction and comprehension. Visualizations are presented as tools for analyzing and communicating information effectively, aiding in cognitive processes such as pattern recognition and decision-making. The text also emphasizes user-focused design principles and provides resources for further exploration of visualization techniques.
Info Viz by Liz
- 2. — What is information visualization? — What are visualizations good for? — Design guidelines & techniques — HCI Visualization User Goals — Responsibilities, considerations, alternate solutions Today’s Plan
- 3. — What is information visualization? — What are visualizations good for? — Design guidelines & techniques — HCI Visualization User Goals — Responsibilities, considerations, alternate solutions Today’s Plan
- 4. — What is information visualization? — What are visualizations good for? — Design guidelines & techniques — HCI Visualization User Goals — Responsibilities, considerations, alternate solutions Today’s Plan
- 5. — What is information visualization? — What are visualizations good for? — Design guidelines & techniques — HCI Visualization User Goals — Responsibilities, considerations, alternate solutions Today’s Plan
- 6. — What is information visualization? — What are visualizations good for? — Design guidelines & techniques — HCI Visualization User Goals — Responsibilities, considerations, alternate solutions Today’s Plan
- 7. — What is information visualization? — What are visualizations good for? — Design guidelines & techniques — HCI Visualization User Goals — Responsibilities, considerations, alternate solutions — Have fun! ◦ Playing with, brainstorming about, and evaluating visualizations Today’s Plan
- 8. — Visualization: “The use of computer-‐‑supported, interactive, visual representations of data to amplify cognition” (Card et al., 1998) — Graphical depiction of understandable information ◦ Transformation of data to information — Mental models — Creates an “artificial memory that best supports our natural means of perception” (Bertin) Key Concepts
- 9. — Reason about, communicate, document, and preserve knowledge (Tufte) — Quickly understand and assimilate information — Gain and share insights ◦ Discovery and decision-‐‑making ◦ Explanation and dissemination — Purpose is not the visualizations themselves Why do we use visualizations?
- 10. — Analyzing information ◦ Discover paZerns and explore trends ◦ Determine underlying factors and notice relationships ◦ Reason, plan, problem-‐‑solve — Communicating information ◦ Present, explain, illustrate ◦ Point out key aspects & minimize less relevant details ◦ Education Viz Types: Viewing vs. Creating
- 11. An interactive meta-viz of Viz Ralph Lengler & Martin J. Eppler, Towards A Periodic Table of Visualization Methods for Management, 2007. Interactive version at: www.visual-‐‑literacy.org
- 12. — Handle the expanding volume and diversity of data — Summarize, organize, and incorporate multiple layers of information into single illustration — An aesthetic and appealing format makes comprehension process more enjoyable Power of Visualization
- 14. Napoleon’s March – Minard,1861
- 15. — Illustrates multiple facets of the data (i.e., geography, time, temperature, army size, direction of movement) — Also serves as a record of the data Napoleon’s March – Minard,1861
- 16. Cholera Epidemic
- 17. — Norman: “The power of the unaided mind is highly overrated” — Visualizations aid thinking ◦ Increase human perceptual processing and aZention ◦ Expand our working memory ◦ Reduce the search for information ◦ Enhance our ability to recognize paZerns ◦ Help us notice irregularities and anomalies Amplifying Human Cognition
- 18. — Multiply 66 x 43 in your head Multiplication
- 19. — Multiply 66 x 43 in your head — Multiply 66 x 43 on paper Multiplication
- 20. — Multiply 66 x 43 in your head — Multiply 66 x 43 on paper — People perform 5 times faster with the visual aid Multiplication
- 21. — Norman: “The power of the unaided mind is highly overrated” — Visualizations aid thinking ◦ Increase human perceptual processing and aZention ◦ Expand our working memory ◦ Reduce the search for information ◦ Enhance our ability to recognize paZerns ◦ Help us notice irregularities and anomalies Amplifying Human Cognition
- 26. v HCI+Viz: Orient visualizations around users and tasks, not visualizations themselves v Schneiderman / Carr — Overview — Zoom — Filter — Details-‐‑on-‐‑demand — Relate — History — Extract Fulfilling User Tasks
- 27. v Metaphors v Tufte’s Rules v Gestalt theories of form and configuration v CRAP: Contrast, Repetition, Alignment, Proximity — Utilize multi-‐‑functioning graphical elements ◦ intuitive cues that convey information ◦ meaning through shape, size, location, color, orientation, motion — Use small multiples ◦ repetition, similarity, invite comparison — Show process and causality — Separate and layer ◦ stratify, order, relate — Use color effectively ◦ highlight, distinguish, show selection — Avoid extraneous “junk” components that add cluZer and confusion ◦ information overload, disruptive with no purpose, “above all, do no harm” Some Principles for Viz Design
- 29. Infographic Advertising from Honda
- 30. — Informative / Aesthetic — Dynamic / Static — Interactivity — Appropriateness given data, domain, application — Alternative sensory inputs — Social visualization & transparency, ambiguity, behavior Considerations and Choices
- 34. — Schneiderman: "ʺStatistics alone are dangerous and they hide a lot” ◦ Viz can help reveal problems otherwise hard to detect — Heer: Important we also uncover, assess, and verify a visualization’s credibility ◦ Provide interactivity and feedback — Tufte: “Graphical integrity” — Lie Factor & exaggeration — Careful of size, area, volume, perspective, baseline, context — Distortion ever useful? Truth in Visualization
- 35. Misleading Graphics Stock Market Crash?!
- 36. Show full scale
- 37. Show context
- 38. — Values and goals — Good, bad, interesting, effective, informative, overly complicated, visually appealing? — Appropriate graphical representation for the data? — Who are the users? — Accessibility — Methods of evaluation — Testing designs with people Evaluating Visualizations
- 39. Treemap
- 41. US Presidential Speeches Tag Cloud
- 45. — hZp://visual.ly/ ◦ Info graphics & data viz centered community ◦ Search and explore visualizations for information and inspiration, set up a portfolio of your own work to share, and follow and connect with other designers ◦ Offers blog with posts about trends, tools, tips, opportunities, and stories — hZp://www.visualizing.org/ ◦ View a gallery of visualizations or upload and showcase your own ◦ Enter challenges to create visualizations from a given dataset. New challenges open up all the time: hZp://www.visualizing.org/contests/visualize-‐‑us-‐‑election — hZp://www.google.com/publicdata/directory ◦ Google'ʹs visualization engine that offers an online tool to interactively explore and visualize data. ◦ Use public datasets from around the world or upload your own data — hZp://www.informationisbeautiful.net/ — hZp://www.coolinfographics.com/ — hZp://infosthetics.com/ Additional Resources