Vulnerable Population
- 1. By: Debbie Allen, Andrea Cvijanovic, Tracy Smith, & Sarah Henderson Vulnerable Population: Immigrants
- 2. Define your population “ An immigrant is a person who resides in the United States after successfully petitioning for permission to enter as a legal alien resident and ultimately seek naturalization as a U.S. citizen.” Immigrants work in conjunction with a US sponsor who is financially responsible for the immigrant
- 3. Facts about immigration in the United States The foreign-born population of the US is 9.5 percent of the total population (in 2000). Australia: 22. 7% Canada: 16% Germany: 7.3% Los Angeles is home to one fifth of the US Hispanic population Immigrants are significantly more likely to be self employed than natives The proportion of immigrants with bachelor 's or postgraduate degrees is much higher than the proportion of the native labor force.
- 5. Immigrants are a vulnerable population. Individuals made vulnerable by : financial circumstances or place of residence health age functional or developmental status ability to communicate effectively presence of chronic or terminal illness or disability personal characteristics populations less able than others to safeguard their own needs and interests adequately
- 6. How does culture or diversity affect this population? Immigrants arrive and they overwhelmed with feelings of shock and arousal due to a new environment. These feelings can lead to misunderstandings and loss of trust due to differences in culture. Immigrants can reject or directly assimilated into the culture. This results from ability to incorporate the present or live in the past. Depending on the importance to preserve the primary culture the immigrants either become integrated or they naturally assimilate. All of these depend on both the individual and familial coping strategies.
- 7. Healthcare problems for immigrants Illegal immigrants are afraid to seek for care in fear of deportation. Medication compliance/expenses Finding an interpreter Health insurance when they first arrive Since many own private business, they have to get healthcare on their own and many ignore that need.
- 8. Are there any laws or legislation to protect these individuals? Federal immigration law determines whether a person is an alien, the rights, duties, and obligations associated with being an alien in the United States, and how aliens gain residence or citizenship within the United States. It also provides the means by which certain aliens can become legally naturalized citizens with full rights of citizenship. Immigration law serves as a gatekeeper for the nation's border, determining who may enter, how long they may stay, and when they must leave. Naturalization Act of 1790 Fourteenth Amendment Immigration Act of 1924 The Nuremberg Code of 1947 Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952 On March 1, 2003, the Department of Homeland Security opened, replacing the Immigration and Naturalization Services ( INS).
- 9. What is the CHN's role in advocating for this population? Communication LEARN Listen actively to the other person’s perception of the concern Explain your perception of the concern Acknowledge and discuss differences and similarities. Recommend action Negotiate an agreement on a plan They are always looking out for the best interest of this population Find appropriate interpreters Be aware of abuse/neglect and other stress related disorders Consider appropriate referrals Clarify misconceptions Deliver care that is sensitive to the patient’s cultural views.
- 10. Reference (2009). Immigration, immigration law: an overview. Retrieved July 21, 2009,from Cornell University Law School Web site: http:// topics.law.cornell.edu/wex/Immigration Frey, William F. (2002). US immigration facts. Retrieved July 21, 2009, from Rapid Immigration Web site: http://www.rapidimmigration.com/usa/1_eng_immigration_facts.html Lambdin, Cindy Introduction to vulnerable populations and preparedness planning. Retrieved July 21, 2009, from Center for Infectious Disease & Emergency Readness Web site: http://www.idready.org/webcast/materials/spr07/vulnerable_populat ions/20070403/Introduction_to_Vulnerable_Populations_and_Prep aredness_Planning_Revised_cjl_4_3_07_37.ppt Ruof, Mary C. (2005). Vulnerability, vulnerable population, policy. Retrieved July 21, 2009, from Kennedy Institute of Ethics Web site: http://bioethics.georgetown.edu/publications/scopenotes/sn44.pdf Bogomolov, B. (2009). Refugee Health Service. BJH Center for Diversity and Cultural Competence. Questions?
Editor's Notes
- #3: This is from the lecture Barb gave. Immigrants don’t qualify for healthcare so their sponsor are financially responsible for the immigrants. My mom is currently trying to get my grandparents from the Philippines over to the states. She had to prove that she had sufficient income.
- #5: This is a history about immigrations. Hope you enjoy
- #6: Vulnerability refers to social and material conditions deriving from characteristics of individuals and groups that make them susceptible to harm and loss from environmental hazards and that constrain their ability to cope wit the adversities of disasters. (Cannon, 1994) The vulnerable generally include those individuals and groups who have been marginalized and excluded by the concrete practices of dominate classes and ethnicities, and who thus have difficulty avoiding, coping with and/or recovery from environmental hazards. (Wisner, 1993)
- #7: This comes from triangle acculturation model Barb explain last week.
- #8: Andreas experience with TB meds.
- #9: Naturalization Act of 1790. This Act restricted naturalization to "free white persons" of "good moral character" and required the applicant to have lived in the country for two years prior to becoming naturalized Upon ratification of the Fourteenth Amendment, all children born within the United States received citizenship at birth In 1870 Congress broadened naturalization laws to allow African-Americans the right to become naturalized citizens. Asian Americans, however, did not receive such a right for many years. In 1921 Congress passed the Emergency Immigration Act, creating national immigration quotas, which gave way to the Immigration Act of 1924, capping the number of permissible immigrants from each country in a manner proportional to the number already living within the United States. The Nuremberg Code of 1947 was written in response to the extreme human subject abuses that occurred under the Nazi regime, and, although the intent of the 1947 Code was to protect human rights, rigid voluntary consent requirements deprived some individuals of the right to participate in clinical trials. Recent human research guidelines, such as the CIOMS/WHO guidelines referenced above and the guidelines referenced in Section V of this Scope Note, attempt to balance both protection from abuse in research and access to new, experimental treatments for the vulnerable. The Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952 (INA), also known as the McCarran-Walter Act, eliminated all race-based quotas, replacing them with purely nationality-based quotas. On March 1, 2003, the Department of Homeland Security opened, replacing the Immigration and Naturalization Services ( INS).