Washtech presentation
- 1. Romeo GNAN-KOUASSI Diploma Holder EPFL / ETH Pan-African Intergovernmental Agency WSA Water and Sanitation for Africa) Reseau des centres de Ressources Burkina Faso, 26th January 2012
- 2. Achieving water and sanitation MDGs in many African countries South of Sahara uncertain Role of affordable, sustainable technologies recognised Good range of innovative WASH technologies National strategies focus on the conventional No systems to validate new technologies and assess real potential No proven approaches to successfully introduce and go to scale
- 3. Overall: More effective investment in new technologies WASHTech-1: strengthen sector capacity to make effective investments in new technologies by: o Development of framework and process to assess a wide range of new WASH technologies (TAF& process) o Analysing approaches to introduction of innovations in decentralised system, dissemination and scaling up for sustainability o Establishing required capacities in BF, GH, UG WASHTech-2: Strategies for innovation and scaling up; and process & time needed for successful uptake and sustainability
- 4. Technology Assessment Framework (TAF) and Process; that is a simple system & criteria ◦ for evaluating technologies and their performance ◦ For identifying sustainability issues ◦ For analysing approaches to introduction, innovation, diffusion and scaling up Capacities in BF, GH and UG for independent application of TAF and process Strategies for innovation and scaling-up, and the process and life-span for successful take-up and sustainability WASHTech January 2012 4
- 5. National level level WASH sector stakeholders = government, NGOs, SMEs District (decentralised level) WASH stakeholders with a focus on local decision-makers, planners, practitioners Interface between community and district level (includes community leaders and potential users) Focus on households, rural areas, and small towns, and somehow low-income peri-urban areas WASHTech 5
- 6. Selection of innovative/new technologies to be assessed by using set of criteria • trans-disciplinary approaches; • multiple use, environmental concerns, re- cycling; • SME development; • affordability; • novel financing and management mechanisms WASHTech 6
- 7. • Ghana: (i) Ghana Modified India Mark II Handpump (groundwater lifting) and (ii) Slow sand filtration (drinking water treatment) Successful • Uganda: (i) Urine diversion double vault latrine (UDDT EcoSan) and ferro-cement tank >6,000l (water storage) • Burkina Faso: (i) VIP toilet and (ii) India Mark II hand pump (groundwater lifting) • Ghana: (i) pour-flush latrine (conventional latrine) and (ii) rope pump (groundwater lifting) Promising • Uganda: tippy tap (hand washing device) and (ii) Canzee pump (groundwater lifting) • Burkina Faso: (i) urine diversion latrine (EcoSan) and (ii) Rope pump (groundwater lifting) • Ghana: Enviro Loo (EcoSan) Failed • Uganda: none (to be discussed) • Burkina Faso: none (to be discussed) New • Ghana: Biofil (ecosan waste handling/treatment) • Uganda: iron removal pump plant (groundwater treatment) opportunities • Burkina Faso: sand dams (riverbed water storage) WASHTech 7
- 8. Learning together yes Witheach of you.. To understand the process of technolog introduction and approval
- 9. Scenario 1: Formal process Scenario 2: Informal process Donor agencies Line ministry/ UNBS Government/ Line ministry Local Gov’ts/ NGOs/ Private Local district CBOs sector NGOs/ Gov’ts/ Private district CBOs sector Donor Private sector agencies Government/ NGOs/ private Line ministry sector Local gov’ts Local Gov’ts
- 10. Set up for TAF Development (Year 1) Learning Alliances in three countries Technology -Studies Literature Review on Selection Assessment Framework of Technologies for Testing TAF KAP Draft TAF and GTI Testing 10
- 11. Conceptual Framework Technology - Characteristics, - Requirements - Development process Context / Enabling Environment Technology Uptake ACTORS - Physical - Investment model - Social - Marketing - Economic - Roles and responsibilities - Legal of actors - Institutional - Resources - Skills and capacities 11
- 12. Objectives of TAF and GTI The TAF is a TOOL to enable the user to obtain a consolidated picture of the applicability and sustainability of a WASH technology in a specific context. assess technologies, but also considers links and interdependencies between technologies and investment models which are used to introduce these technologies. The GTI is a GUIDANCE document for the design and monitoring of the technology introduction process And defines roles and responsibilities of key actors in all phases of process 12
- 13. Overall Concept for TAF and GTI Investment Context Model TAF ASSESSMENT GTI Uptake of technology potential using 18 indicators Econ GUIDANCE for TECHNOLOGY Time Soc INTRODUCTION Dimensions SCREENING Env Technology Introduction Need Invention Inst Uptake + For 3 investment models: Tipping O&M Point and Know - Highly subsidized Applicability investments Tech - Market based model, no subsidies for investments Actors Producer-Supplier Other Institutions (CAPEX) or O&M (OPEX) Tasks of Actors per Phase User-Buyer - Intermediate model with some subsidies for CAPEX Technical Function and OPEX Guidance for technology Characteristics introduction, with defined Performance Perspective tasks for actors per phase of key actors Key: Dimensions Econ = Economical and Financial Soc = Social Technology Env = Environmental Inst = Institutional, legal, organisational Know = Knowhow and skills Tech = Technological 13
- 14. S/H were positive about the formal process of technology introduction and approval MWE/UNBS LOCAL GOV’TS NGOs/ PS Introduction - Testing/ piloting - scale up Standardizing - uptake/ scale up Other S/H were open to influence from external agencies; donors, private sector, NGOs provided the influence is channeled through gov’t. A lesser No. of S/H preferred following an informal process to avoid gov’t bureaucracy.
- 15. No detailed framework for technology introduction, appraisal or review of existing technologies. No tool that is employed to ensure a harmonized decision making process There is need for a technology assessment framework. Need for CB in technology assessment