WASTE MANAGEMENT PPT DRAFT.ppt
- 2. WASTE MANAGEMENT TRAINER: RICHARD EULET BS(MECH-ENG) IDIP NEBOSH GRADIOSH
- 3. Video of earth mj DW-HSE-TM022 3 • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XAi3VTSdTxU • Michael expressing the threats failure to manage our universe
- 4. OVERVIEW WASTE MANAGEMENT • Waste management is an important aspect of construction site operations, as construction activities can generate a significant amount of waste that needs to be properly managed. Here are some key training topics for waste management on a construction site operating in the state of Qatar • Understanding waste generation: Train construction workers and supervisors on the various types of waste that can be generated during construction activities, including construction and demolition debris, hazardous materials, and general waste. DW-HSE-TM022 4
- 5. objectives AT THE END OF SESSION TRAINEES SHALL BE ABLE TO: • Understanding the significance of proper waste management in preserving the environment and public health. • Overview of different types of waste and their impact on ecosystems. • In-depth exploration of the principles of reducing waste generation, reusing materials, and recycling to promote a circular economy. • Practical strategies for incorporating the 3 R's into everyday life. • Importance of segregating waste at the source for efficient recycling. • Best practices in waste collection systems and the role of communities in waste segregation. • Introduction to composting as a sustainable solution for managing organic waste. • Techniques for turning kitchen and garden waste into nutrient-rich compost. • Sustainable landfill practices and their impact on the environment. • Exploration of waste-to-energy options and their role in waste management. 5
- 6. objectives • Overview of technological innovations, including smart waste management systems and data-driven solutions. • The potential of emerging technologies in optimizing waste collection, sorting, and recycling processes. • The importance of involving communities in waste management initiatives. Corporate responsibility in adopting sustainable waste management practices. • Understanding existing waste management regulations and their enforcement. The role of policy frameworks in fostering a culture of responsible waste management. DW-HSE-TM022 6
- 7. Introduction to Waste Management Significance of proper waste management DW-HSE-TM022 7 Environmental Conservation: •Prevention of Pollution: Proper waste management prevents pollution of air, water, and soil. Inadequate waste disposal can lead to the release of harmful substances into the environment, affecting ecosystems and biodiversity. •Preservation of Natural Resources: Recycling and proper disposal help conserve natural resources. When materials are recycled, there is a reduced need for extracting raw materials from the environment, leading to less habitat destruction and resource depletion. •Mitigation of Climate Change: Certain waste management practices, such as capturing and utilizing methane from landfills, contribute to mitigating climate change by reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
- 8. What is a Waste Management System? A waste management system is the strategy an organization uses to dispose, reduce, reuse, and prevent waste. Possible waste disposal methods are recycling, composting, incineration, landfills, bioremediation, waste to energy, and waste minimization. DW-HSE-TM022 8
- 10. DW-HSE-TM022 10
- 11. Can you guess? Waste’ means any substance or object which the holder discards or intends or is required to discard.
- 12. Sources of Waste Waste comes from different sources and waste is grouped according to these sources. They include: • Domestic waste: from houses • Industrial waste: from various industrial processes • Biomedical waste: from hospitals, nursing homes, pathological, laboratories, pharmaceuticals. • Agricultural waste: from agricultural activities-herbicides, pesticides, fertilizers, farming activities. • Animal waste: associated with agricultural activities but in this sense, animals waste from slaughterhouses. • Nuclear waste: from nuclear power plants radioactive elements. • Mineral waste: includes heavy metal residues found in and around mines like lead, arsenic, cadmium, etc.
- 13. Categories of Waste Liquid Waste • This includes dirty water, wash water, organic liquids, waste detergents and sometimes rainwater. They are usually wasted from households, restaurants, industries and other businesses. DW-HSE-TM022 13 Rubbish This is a type of waste that is solid and comprises a large variety of materials. They can be found mainly in homes and commercial locations. They are grouped into four categories: •Plastic Waste–consists of bags, containers, jars, bottles made of plastic. •Paper/Card Waste – includes newspapers, packaging materials, cardboard, etc. •Tins and Metals– can be found in different forms throughout your home or business •Ceramics and Glass– consist of broken ceramic cups and plates, glass bottles, etc. •Organic Waste
- 14. Sources of waste Recyclable Rubbish • This waste consists of rubbish that can be recycled and turned into useful products. They mainly include construction waste such as masonry, metal, paper, and furniture that can be recycled. DW-HSE-TM022 14 Hazardous Waste Hazard waste refers to any waste that’s toxic, flammable, corrosive, or reactive. Such waste can be harmful to both you and the environment. Examples of hazardous waste include toxic chemicals and electronic rubbish. This waste come mainly from industries and hospitals.
- 15. quiz •Why are Colour Codes for Waste Disposal Necessary? DW-HSE-TM022 15 https://youtu.be/2wn8rpM33lQ Find the video for colour codes for waste disposal And for other waste sources, the colour codes for waste disposal are very much different. Also, the colour codes for waste disposal vary in different countries and organisations. Also, colour codes for waste disposal can be very different but as far as the coloured bins or bags are labelled for plastics, recyclables, metals, glassware, radioactive materials, etc.
- 16. Color codes • Blue Bins • Papers which are to be recycled are put in this bin. The papers include Office Paper Only, Clean Cardboard, etc. • 2. Green Bins • Here, organic materials like food waste, prunings, fruit and vegetables, flowers, plate scrapings including meat, fish and leftovers and coffee grounds are disposed of so they can be taken to a composting site and turned into biogas for energy and agricultural use. • 3. Red Bins • In the red bin, drinking glassware, broken crockery, cling wrap, plastic bags, packing straps, sticky tape, glazed wrappers and polystyrene are deposited so they can be taken to the landfill for disposal. • 4. Yellow Bins • In the yellow bin, Glass Bottles, Clean Cardboard, Newspaper, Plastic, Office Paper, Aluminum Cans, Milk and juice Cartons and Disposable Coffee Cup – LIDS ONLY are deposited so they can go for mix recycling. • 5. White Bins • In the white bin, Bread bags (not with ties), Pasta and rice Bags, Cling Wrap, Plastic Bags, Biscuit Packets, Frozen Food Bags, Green Recycling Bags, Confectionery Bags, and Bubble Wrap are deposited so they can go for soft plastics recycling. DW-HSE-TM022 16
- 17. Biomedical waste • According to biomedical waste (management and handling) rules, 1998 India “biomedical waste is any waste generated during the diagnosis, treatment of human beings or animals or research activities about the production or testing of biologicals”. DW-HSE-TM022 17 Biomedical waste is 75-85% non-infectious, 10-15% infectious, and 5- 10% hazardous.
- 18. Categories of biomedical waste • Biomedical waste is divided into 10 waste categories: • Human and anatomical waste • Animal waste • Microbiology and biotechnology waste • Waste sharps • Discarded medicines and outdated drugs • Soiled waste • Solid waste liquid waste • Incineration ash • Chemical waste DW-HSE-TM022 18
- 19. colour codes for waste disposal of biomedical waste: • Yellow Bags • Red Bags • Blue Bags • White Bins • Black Bins DW-HSE-TM022 19
- 20. Types of waste Non hazardous waste Biodegradable or Chemical Decomposable Waste Decomposable waste non-hazardous solids and sludge which are biologically or chemically reactive in the natural environment such as paper, wood, household garbage, some metals, animal wastes and digested sewage sludge. Inert Waste Inert waste which are not biologically or chemically active in the natural environment. Examples include glass, concrete and brick materials, broken clay and chinaware, most plastics and manufactured rubber products DW-HSE-TM022 20
- 21. NON HAZARDOUS WASTE • Unwanted food • Plastic including empty water bottles • Cardboard including cigarette packets • Paper • Rags • Glass • Scrap metal • Grit blast • Packaging • Timber DW-HSE-TM022 21
- 22. Hazardous waste management •Hazardous Waste Management consists of the following steps: • Segregation • Collection • Storage • Transport • Final disposal DW-HSE-TM022 22
- 23. SEGREGATION DW-HSE-TM022 23 Waste segregation is the practice of separating different types of waste at the source to facilitate recycling and proper disposaL At the Source: •Waste segregation starts at the point where waste is generated, which is typically in homes, businesses, institutions, or industrial facilities. •Individuals and organizations sort their waste into different categories based on the nature of the materials. • Waste chemicals • Waste lubricants • Oily sand • Tank & other sludge • Batteries • Tires • Oil drums (empty) • Clinical waste • Other waste
- 24. Collection •Waste lubricants and chemicals collect waste lubricants and chemicals as per the instructions of the specific Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) •Clinical waste will be collected and disposed daily DW-HSE-TM022 24
- 25. Storage •Store the hazardous waste materials in a separate storage area •The area shall have an impervious surface with a suitable drainage control, roofing and be appropriately bonded. • Quantities stored shall be kept to an absolute minimum. • Containers shall be marked with warning labels to accurately describe their contents. DW-HSE-TM022 25
- 26. Transport •The hazardous waste will be transported in the in designated vehicles to the proper disposal locations. •The driver will be provided with training and copies of the MSDS relevant to the material he is transporting in the vehicle. •The driver shall also have a copy of the waste log which will indicate source of waste, type of waste, quantity, disposal method and location and date and time. DW-HSE-TM022 26
- 27. Disposal • Hazardous waste shall not be disposed of directly to the municipal landfill • Hazardous waste will be disposed off at designated hazardous waste disposal area. DW-HSE-TM022 27
- 28. How Improper Waste Disposal Affects the Environment DW-HSE-TM022 28 Land Pollution Water Pollution Air Pollution Climate Change Extreme Weather Disease Plant Death Animal and Marine Death Loss of Habitats
- 29. PPE 1.Head Protection: 1. Hard Hats 2.Eye and Face Protection: 1. Safety Glasses 2. Face Shields 3.Respiratory Protection: 1. Dust Masks: N95 Respirators: Gas Masks: Disposable Gloves: 2. Chemical-resistant Gloves: 4.Body Protection: 1. Coveralls: Aprons: Foot Protection: 2. Steel-toe Boots: Safety Shoes:. 5.Fall Protection: 1. Safety Harnesses 2. Safety Lanyards 6.High-Visibility Clothing: 1. Reflective Vests or Clothing: Improve visibility in low-light conditions or areas with moving vehicles. Commonly used in DW-HSE-TM022 29
- 30. Ways to Solve Waste Disposal Problems • There are 5 essential steps in the waste lifecycle: 1.Waste generation 2.On-site waste management 3.Waste collection 4.Waste transfer 5.Waste processing and disposal DW-HSE-TM022 30
- 31. CONT- • Waste Generation Waste generation happens everywhere: • households, • commercial facilities, • industrial sectors. Solid waste management is only as actionable as a company’s awareness about the types and frequency of the waste they produce. For example, an office may primarily generate paper waste, while a restaurant creates food waste, and a construction site generates rock waste. What kind of waste do you generate and process? DW-HSE-TM022 31
- 32. On-Site Waste Management • On-site waste management addresses how a company stores the particular types of waste they produce. Having a skip bin on-site may not be the most suitable solution for the kind and volume of waste a given company generates. If you find that your skip bin is overflowing long before collection day, you may need a more advanced on-site waste management solution, like a baler. Balers compact recyclable materials into blocks, reducing the volume of waste. DW-HSE-TM022 32
- 33. Waste Collection • The next step in the waste management process is waste collection. During waste collection, garbage trucks (transfer trailers) come to a facility and collect the waste from garbage cans, recycling bins and skip bins. DW-HSE-TM022 33
- 34. Waste Transfer • After the transfer trailers collect the waste from facilities around DOHA, they bring it to a waste transfer station. This is one of the most critical steps for council-level decision-makers because modern waste and recycling equipment can sort and handle waste more effectively. • Waste transfer stations sort and consolidate waste from various sources so it can be transported to the proper facility. For example, a disposal vehicle arrives at a waste transfer facility with mixed waste and recyclables. The waste is unloaded and moved through a sorting system to separate garbage, different recyclables, hazardous waste, etc. Then, it is reloaded into the appropriate transfer trailers and taken to a facility for processing and disposal. DW-HSE-TM022 34
- 35. Waste Processing and Disposal • When the transfer trailers arrive at the appropriate facility, the facility then must process and dispose of the materials. For instance, paper waste goes to a recycling facility for processing. Garbage goes to a landfill. Hazardous waste goes to a special facility for safe disposal and storage. • Having proper waste processing and material recovery facilities is the most critical stage of solid waste management. If materials aren’t processed correctly, and facilities lack proper waste and recycling equipment, then it discredits all of the previous steps to crush, compact, sort and transport the waste. DW-HSE-TM022 35
- 36. In-Depth Exploration of the 3 R's: Reduce, Reuse, Recycle: Reduce: • Source Reduction: Emphasizes minimizing the generation of waste at the source by using fewer materials and opting for products with less packaging. This principle focuses on conscious consumption and encourages a shift toward a more sustainable lifestyle. • Product Design: Advocates for designing products that are durable, repairable, and have a longer lifespan. This approach considers the entire life cycle of a product, from production to disposal, and aims to reduce the overall environmental impact. DW-HSE-TM022 36
- 37. Reuse: • Promoting Reusables: Encourages the use of reusable items instead of disposable ones. This includes using refillable water bottles, cloth shopping bags, and durable containers for food storage. The goal is to minimize single-use items and promote the longevity of products. • Repair and Maintenance: Encourages repairing items instead of discarding them. Learning basic repair skills and supporting repair services contribute to extending the life of products, reducing the need for frequent replacements. • Second-Hand Markets: Embraces the idea of buying and selling second-hand goods. Thrift stores, online marketplaces, and community swap events facilitate the reuse of items, giving them a new life and diverting them from landfills. DW-HSE-TM022 37
- 38. Recycl e: • Separation of Materials: Involves sorting waste into different categories to facilitate recycling. Materials like paper, glass, plastic, and metal are collected separately to maintain their quality during the recycling process. • Community Recycling Programs: Encourage community participation in recycling programs. Providing accessible recycling bins, educating residents about the importance of recycling, and implementing collection systems contribute to increased recycling rates. DW-HSE-TM022 38
- 39. Practical Strategies for Incorporating the 3 R's into Everyday Life: Reduce: • Mindful Consumption: Be mindful of purchasing decisions, opting for products with minimal packaging and considering the environmental impact of products. • Bulk Buying: Purchase items in bulk to reduce packaging waste. Bring reusable containers when shopping for items like grains, nuts, or cleaning supplies. • Digital Alternatives: opt for digital formats (e-books, online subscriptions) rather than physical copies to reduce paper consumption. DW-HSE-TM022 39
- 40. Reuse: • Reusable Products: Invest in reusable items such as water bottles, coffee cups, and shopping bags to minimize the use of disposable alternatives. • Upcycling Projects: Explore creative ways to repurpose items. Turn old clothing into rags, transform jars into storage containers, or use old furniture for DIY projects. • Community Swap Events: Participate in or organize swap events within your community where people can exchange items they no longer need. DW-HSE-TM022 40
- 41. Recycle: • Know Your Local Recycling Guidelines: Familiarize yourself with the recycling guidelines in your area to ensure proper sorting. Different materials may have specific recycling instructions. • Set Up Recycling Stations: Create dedicated recycling stations at home or in the workplace with clearly labeled bins for paper, plastic, glass, and metal. • Support Recycling Initiatives: Participate in or support local recycling programs and initiatives. This could include volunteering for clean-up events or encouraging businesses to adopt eco-friendly practices. DW-HSE-TM022 41
- 42. Quiz •Discuss on Importance of Involving Communities in Waste Management Initiatives DW-HSE-TM022 42
- 43. Importance of Involving Communities in Waste Management Initiatives: • Behavioral Change: Community involvement is essential for fostering a sense of responsibility and encouraging behavioral change. When individuals understand the impact of their actions on waste generation and disposal, they are more likely to adopt sustainable practices. • Local Knowledge and Solutions: Communities possess valuable local knowledge about waste generation patterns, cultural practices, and environmental concerns. Involving them in waste management initiatives ensures that solutions are context-specific and culturally appropriate. • Effective Waste Segregation: Community participation is crucial for successful waste segregation at the source. When residents actively segregate their waste into recyclables, organic matter, and non-recyclables, it streamlines the recycling process and reduces contamination • Education and Awareness: Engaging communities in waste management initiatives provides an opportunity for education and awareness campaigns. Workshops, seminars, and community events can inform residents about the importance of waste reduction, recycling, and proper disposal practices. • Reduced Illegal Dumping:When communities are actively involved in waste management, there is a decrease in illegal dumping and littering. Residents become stakeholders in keeping their neighborhoods clean, leading to a more aesthetically pleasing environment. DW-HSE-TM022 43
- 44. Cont- • Job Creation and Economic Opportunities: Community-based waste management initiatives can create jobs and economic opportunities. Recycling programs, waste collection services, and composting projects can provide employment for local residents, contributing to community development. • Social Cohesion: Collaborative waste management initiatives can enhance social cohesion within communities. Working towards a common goal, such as waste reduction, can strengthen community bonds and instill a shared sense of responsibility. • Environmental Impact: • Regulatory Compliance: • Brand Image and Reputation: DW-HSE-TM022 44
- 45. Government Policies and Regulations: • An early piece of legislation which preceded the current plans is Qatar’s Law No. 30 of 2002, titled “Environmental Protection Law”. • This establishes general provisions for the protection of the environment in Qatar. • Under Article 32, it is prohibited to throw, discharge, treat or burn refuse and liquid or solid wastes, except in the specified locations located far from residential, industrial, agricultural and water effluents. • The Article states that it is the Executive Regulations which shall determine the specifications for refuse and waste locations and that relevant administrative authorities shall treat waste and refuse within their jurisdiction as provided for in the Executive Regulations. • The Legislation also prohibits the import of hazardous materials. DW-HSE-TM022 45
- 46. DW-HSE-TM022 46