waste utilization in sugarmills

BY
GEETHU S
2011-06-007
Kelappaji college of agricultural engineering and
technology,tavanur,malappuram
2

INTRODUCTION
 Sugar mills produces range of by-products during the process of
sugar extraction
 Each tone of raw sugar produce seven tonnes of waste product.
 By-products include wastewater, molasses, bagasse, press mud
 These wastes are mainly used, to producing fuel, to generate
electricity, used as nutrients for plant
3

SUGAR FROM SUGARCANE
HARVESTING
CRUSHING
JUICE FILTRATION
BOILING OF JUICE
5

Cont…..
SYRUP TREATMENT
CRYSTALLIZATION
CENTRIFUGATION
STORAGE
6

Fig: sugar cane crushing operation
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WASTES FROM SUGAR INDUSRY
ARE….
Sugarcane tops
Bagasse
Molasses
Press mud
Waste water
8

SUGARCANE TOPS
 It is mainly used for fuel production and animal feed.
 It contain 85% dry matter, 5.5% crude protein.
 Energy value – 7 MJ/Kg.
PROCESS
Sugarcane tops drying pelletizing animal feed
steam production
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BAGGASE
 Fibrous residue left after crushing and extraction of the juice
 It contains fibre water and small quantity of soluble solids
 It contain
cellulose - 45-55%
hemicellulose - 20-25%
lignin - 18-24%
ash - 1-4%
wax - <1%
USES
 Lignin from bagasse is used in fibre industry
 Cellulose used as a material for manufacturing of pulp and paper
 Fuel for electricity production
 Charcoal producton
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Mainly used for
 Paper production
 Ethanol production
 Electricity/cogeneration
11

Paper production from bagasse
Bagasse
Dewatering pulp thickening
Cooking bleaching
Pulp washing paper
Pulp screening
12

Ethanol production from bagasse
Bagasse
Pre-treatment by acid/steam
hydrolysis
fermentation(30⁰C for 36-48 hr)
distillation
ethanol
13

POWER GENERATION FROM BAGASSE
 Sugar mills have been able to produce power in season as well as
off season by using bagasse.
 3500 MV bagasse based cogeneration potential in our country.
 It reduce the green house effect in terms of usage of biomass as
fuel.
14

MOLASES
 It is syrup left after the final stage of sugar extraction
 Obtained as the result of boiling of sugar cane juice
 Two type molasses – cane molasses and sugar beet molasses
USES
 Production of bio ethanol
 Principle ingredient in distillation of rum
 As additives in livestock feed
 Source for yeast production
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BIO ETHANOL FROM MOLASSES
Molasses
Distillation
Gelatinization
Refining
hydrolysis
bio ethanol
Fermentation(at 30⁰C for 36-40 hr)
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PRESSMUD
 It is the precipitated impurities obtained after the filtration of cane
juice
 It is mainly used as a fertilizer
 It contain 7% nitrogen and 1% phosphate
 In combination with molasses and fish meal in the proportion of
50:35:15 used as feed for cow
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WASTE WATER FROM SUGAR INDUSTRY
 Anaerobic digestion, activated sludge treatment and trickling
filtration methods are used for waste water treatment.
 In anaerobic digestion the dissolved organic solids are transferred
into methane , carbon dioxide, small amounts of other gasses
 In trickling filtration and in activated sludge treatment the
microbial population utilises oxygen dissolved in the wastewater
to oxidise the dissolved organic matter to carbon di oxide and
water.
18

waste utilization in sugarmills

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waste utilization in sugarmills