Waterproofing methods & materials used in construction
- 1. Waterproofing Methods & Materials Used In Construction
- 2. Content : • Why Water Need To A Construction , Introduction Bad Effects , good effects. • Why Waterproofing Is Important • Methods • Materials • Problems & Solutions
- 3. Introduction This Presentation content about need what is waterproofing of water, with the help of water what happened for the construction concrete. What are the things with uncontrolled water what are the facts that minimized the concrete strength are shown. Next why water Waterproofing is important for construction industry. What Are the methods of waterproofing and how they are done The materials and things that used to waterproof in various categories The problems that are raised in waterproofing to construction and how they are solved.
- 4. What Is Water proofing to a construction..? Waterproofing is the process of making an object or structure waterproof or water-resistant so that it remains relatively unaffected by water or resisting the ingress of water under specified conditions. Such items may be used in wet environments or underwater to specified depths. “Water is one of the most important elements in construction but people still ignore quality aspect of this element. The water is required for preparation of mortar, mixing of cement concrete and for curing work during construction work. The quality and quantity of water has much effect on the strength of mortar and cement concrete in construction work.”
- 5. Why We Have To Control The water as Water Proofing • Protects Interiors From Water Damage • Prevents Onset of Health Problems • Saves Money • Promotes Long-Term Comfort
- 6. CONCRETE STRENGTH BASED ON THE WATER CEMENT RATIO W/C Ratio Concrete Strength .40 100 % .50 90% .60 70% .70 50% .80 45% • The Smallest unit of a building is cement as a raw material, but it can fixed with the help of water. • In Concrete there is 4C Rule 1. Composition 2. Compaction 3. Curing 4. Cover • In That 4 rules mainly 3 rules directly need the support of water
- 7. Without A Proper management problems arise by Water • Presence of salt in water such as Calcium Chloride, Iron Salts, inorganic salts and sodium etc. are so dangerous that they reduce initial strength of concrete and in some cases no strength can be achieved. There is rusting problem in steel provided in RCC. • Presence of acid, alkali, industrial waste, sanitary sewage and water with sugar also reduce the strength of concrete .Presence of silt or suspended particle in water has adverse effect on strength of concrete. • Presence of algae/vegetable growth in water used for mixing in cement concrete reduce of the strength of concrete considerably and also reduce the bond between cement paste and aggregate. • The water occupies space in sand and it evaporates to create voids. Moreover the water voids will be more and this will reduce the density, strength and durability of mortar or concrete. • When more water is used in concrete excess water brings a mixture of excess cement paste with water floating on the surface. This material forms a thin layer of chalky material on the surface which reduces proper bonding with second layer of cement concrete in case of water tank and dams etc. This will affect the strength of concrete.
- 8. • When more water is used in concrete excess water brings a mixture of excess cement paste with water floating on the surface. This material forms a thin layer of chalky material on the surface which reduces proper bonding with second layer of cement concrete in case of water tank and dams etc. This will affect the strength of concrete. • When more water is used, the cement slurry starts coming out from from cement concrete mix. The excess slurry formed by water and cement comes out through shuttering joints. This makes concrete of less cement and reduces the strength of concrete. • When more water is used, proper compaction is not achieved and there is bleeding, large voids and more shrinkage, less durability and less strength. • When more water is mixed in cement concrete, the problem of segregation of material is faced at the time of laying the mix. As a result Coarse Aggregate and cement paste separate from each other.
- 10. The important of waterproofing • When we refer back to the definition of waterproofing as a barrier to prevent water entering or escaping from structure, then the real importance is reflected in the consequences of not waterproofing.
- 11. What could happen if a building isn’t waterproof ? • Poor waterproofing brings serious risk to the integrity of a building. • When exposed to water ,foundation cracks or joints may lead to bigger structural problems. These are, Leakage Spalling Deterioration • If the building is made up of wood or has wood furnishings the moisture from water intrusion will cause wood to rot or delaminate. • Mould spores also pose hazards. Exposure to these may lead to allergies, asthma, irritations and fungal infection.
- 12. Importance of waterproofing in building • Building regulations Local building codes strictly assert waterproof as one of the important requirements in any high- rise building works. eg:- Sydney waterproofing contractors follow these guidelines to ensure a safe and sustainable application. • Risk prevention Preventive risk management of any structure, it is important to have the right waterproofing solutions to assets as well as its occupants. If not done correctly, it can result damage to the property, valuable and health risk to people.
- 13. Important of waterproofing in buildings cont. • Prevent unnecessary cost It is wiser to invest in preventive risk measures than to pay for damage repairs. Any building requires regular maintenance to protect it from damage caused by water, roof waterproofing is an effective preventive measure.
- 14. 1. Cementations Waterproofing. 2. Liquid Waterproofing Membrane. 3. Bituminous Membrane. 4. Bituminous Coating. 5. Polyurethane Liquid Membrane.
- 15. Cementitions Waterproofing • Materials – • Masonry products • This method is often used in the internal wet area. • Toilets • Laundries • Kitchens • Entries • This methods semi-flexible or rigid. • Its not exposed to sunlight and weathering.
- 16. Cementitions Waterproofing is used in the following type of structures: • Water treatment plants • Bridge • Dams • River locks/Channels & Concrete Dykes • Parking structures & lots • Tunnels
- 17. Liquid Waterproofing Membrane • Equipment used for coatings- • Spray • Roller • trowel • Which may be aqueous solution or gas mixture. • Liquid membrane should be immiscible with water. • Low vapor pressure. • This methods more flexible.
- 18. Liquid Waterproofing Membrane is used in the following type of structures: • Balconies • Podium decks • Green roofs • Water tank
- 19. Bituminous Coating • Bituminous Coating is also called as asphalt coating. • This methods commonly use beneath screed wet area. • It is an excellent waterproofing methods for a concrete foundation. • It is made of bitumen based materials. • Should not expose to sunlight. • Exposure to the sunlight can be unstable and fragile.
- 20. Bituminous Membrane • Its popular method used for low-sloped roofs. • Bituminous waterproofing membrane have torch on membrane and self-adhesive membrane. • Self-adhesive compounds- • comprise asphalt • Polymers • Filler • Certain resins and oils may be added to improve adhesion characteristics.
- 21. Problem solution for waterproofing Waterproofing • Waterproofing is the best preventative measure to take against concrete cancer • Reducing the life of the building • Use Wolfing or cosmofin • Cracking the walls of the building • Damage to household goods There are five commen water proofing issues 1. Isuus from above 2. Incorrect water proofing 3. Balconies 4. Windows 5. Ignoring the need for maintenance
- 22. What is concrete cancer? When buildings are constructed, concrete is reinforced with bars or mesh made of steel. After being exposed to air and water, however, this steel corrodes, forcing it to expand, and the surrounding concrete to crack. The cracking, known as spalling, undermines the strength of the building What are the signs? Most structural engineers will be able to spot concrete cancer before you can. However, they’re not always on hand, so it pays to know the tell-tale signs that it may be time to get in the experts. 1. Cracking or crumbling concrete 2. Rust stains that seem to come out from the concrete 3. The concrete render starts to bubble 4. Roof leaks or any that appear in internal walls
- 23. Six Comeon cosous of concrete cancer include: • Poor waterproofing • Salt-water chlorides for buildings near the sea • Building defects • Weather • Poor quality concrete and insufficient concrete cover • Movement of the earth under the build leading to cracks Inspect your roof regularly • The roof must be regularly inspected • Experts recommend that a commercial roof be inspected at least twice a year. • When inspecting, drainage and any roof elements that may enter the building should be inspected. • If there are any water stains, they should be thoroughly examined as cracks.