Web 3.0 The Semantic Web
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The document discusses the Semantic Web as Web 3.0. It explains that while current web pages use HTML to describe structure, not meaning, the Semantic Web aims to allow computers to understand the meaning behind information by recognizing things like people, places, events. This is done through techniques like embedding semantic annotations directly into data using standards like RDFa, microformats, and querying data with SPARQL. The Semantic Web will enable new applications by making the web more machine-readable.
Web 3.0 The Semantic Web
- 1. Web 3.0 The Semantic Web Hatem Mahmoud Lead Developer, eSpace ExpressionLab.com
- 3. Introduction
- 4. Every language has its own Syntax and Semantics
- 5. Syntax is the study of grammar
- 6. Semantics is the study of meaning
- 7. Syntax is how to say something
- 8. Semantic is the meaning behind what you say
- 9. Different syntaxes may have the same semantic: x += y x=x+y
- 10. Syntax and semantics are all about communication
- 11. Computers use network protocols to communicate in networks
- 12. The Internet is a huge network of computers that use TCP/IP to communicate
- 14. The Web is a system of interlinked documents accessed via the Internet
- 16. Web browsers use HTTP to communicate with Web servers
- 17. You can view Web pages and use hyperlinks to navigate between them
- 18. People can easily access any of these documents
- 20. This is the largest source of information ever
- 21. This is Web 1.0
- 22. Authors started to use Ajax
- 23. People started to share photos and videos
- 26. People started to interact in social networks
- 29. People started to publish content in blogs
- 32. People started to contribute in wikis
- 34. People started to use tags and RSS
- 36. This is the Read-Write Web
- 37. This is Web 2.0
- 40. The Problem
- 41. Web pages are written in HTML
- 42. HTML describes the structure of information
- 43. HTML describes the syntax not the semantics
- 44. If computers can understand the meaning behind information...
- 45. they can learn what we are interested in
- 46. they can help us better find what we want
- 47. This is really what the Semantic Web is all about
- 48. This is Web 3.0
- 49. Today's Web is about documents
- 51. The Semantic Web is about things
- 53. It can recognize people, places, events, companies, products, movies, etc.
- 54. It can understand the relationships between things
- 55. Example?
- 57. Solutions
- 59. Information analysis, web scraping, natural language processing
- 60. Expensive! human intervention, hard to maintain, legal issues
- 62. Embedding semantical annotations into the data
- 63. How?
- 64. Available options: RDFa and microformats
- 65. RDFa
- 66. RDF is Resource Description Framework
- 67. RDF is a W3C standard for describing resources in the Web
- 68. RDF identifies things using URIs (Uniform Resource Identifiers)
- 69. RDF uses simple statements (Triples) to describe things
- 73. RDF/XML
- 75. N3 (Notation3)
- 77. RDFa = RDF in attributes
- 78. RDFa provides a set of XHTML attributes that express RDF data
- 79. Example: Alice in Semantic Wonderland
- 80. Alice is a blogger who publishes articles at http://example.com/alice
- 81. She wants to declare the license of her work
- 83. She wants to specify title and creator of an article
- 84. But there are no such attributes in XHTML
- 85. She can use Dublin Core vocabulary Dublin: Dublin, Ohio, USA Core: only the core elements of metadata
- 87. She wants to give Bob proper credit when she posts his photos
- 89. She wants to display her name, email and phone
- 90. She can use Friend-of-a-Friend vocabulary
- 92. She wants to list her friends
- 94. SPARQL (SPARQL Protocol And RDF Query Language)
- 95. SPARQL is a query language for RDF data
- 96. You can search for "friends of Alice who created items whose title contains 'Bob'"
- 97. microformats
- 98. microformats are simple conventions for embedding semantics in HTML
- 99. designed for humans first, and machines second
- 100. No namespaces, No new tags
- 101. Built upon existing standards vCard, iCalendar, Atom, etc.
- 102. hCard (HTML vCard) represents people, companies, places and organizations
- 104. hCalendar (HTML iCalendar) Represents calendar events
- 106. hReview Represents reviews of products, services, businesses, events, etc.
- 109. Applications
- 112. YahooTech uses hReview for product reviews
- 114. LinkedIn uses hResume for resumes
- 116. YahooUpcoming uses hCal for events
- 130. Challenges! tools, privacy, trust, applications, devices
- 131. Summary
- 132. “I have a dream for the Web in which computers become capable of analyzing all the data on the Web” Tim Berners-Lee, 1999 Inventor of the Web
- 133. The Semantic Web is not a separate Web but an extension of the current one
- 137. It is really happening today
- 138. Resources
- 144. Thank You! Hatem Mahmoud Lead Developer, eSpace ExpressionLab.com