Web of Science

WEB OF SCIENCE
Presented BY
SHUVRA GHOSH
Roll – 07
Course: MLIS
Department of Library and Information Science
GUIDED BY: Prof. Tarun Kumar Mondal

“The search for knowledge
is a long and difficult task”
(Fabiola Gianotti)

introduction
• According to Fabiola Gianotti, (Italian physicist), “The search for
knowledge is a long and difficult task”. Man chose library as the first step
for search for information. The library is as like a temple to seeker of
information. The abundance of information is increasing in the present
world. It is getting difficult for a common man to ascertain the validity of
information. In this scenario, the man is talking help from the librarian. The
search for information gets necessary for higher education, or scientific
research of different purposes of work. Now a day, common man finds
from different kinds of websites. Various articles may be found in various
kinds of databases or online journal. Relevance is of almost importance in
these cases. ‘Web of Science’ is a relevant service provider which has an
important role in case of citation search.

What is Web of Science
Web of Science is an online subscription-based
scientific Citation indexing service
Web of Science provides most reliable, integrated,
multidisciplinary research
Web of Science is now maintained by Clarivate
Analytics
Web of Science previously known as Web of
Knowledge

HISTORY OF Web of Science
 "As We May Think" is a 1945 essay by Vannevar Bush which has
been described as visionary and influential, anticipating many
aspects of information society. It was first published in The
Atlantic in July 1945.
 Eugene Eli Garfield inspired by Vannevar Bush’s highly cited 1945
article “AS WE MAY THINK”, then he founded Institute for
Scientific Information (ISI) in 1955.
 Eugene Garfield the “father of citation indexing”, who launched
the Science Citation Index (SCI) in 1964.
 At first citation indexing publishes in print and compact disc forms,
now available in web.
 ISI formed a major part of the science division of Thomson Reuters.
In October 2016 Thomson Reuters completed the sale of its
intellectual property and science division; it is now known
as Clarivate Analytics.
 Web of Science previously known as “Web of Knowledge”.

Relation between WOS and Citation Indexing
 A citation is the text reference and acknowledgement of
documented information.
 Count is the frequency of an article cited by other articles.
 A citation index is a kind of bibliographic database, an index
of citation between publications, allowing the user to easily
establish which later document site which earlier document.
 Citation indexing consists of the charting of the text details of
each such reference.
 Citation indexing publishes the citation indexes in print and
compact disc forms, which are generally accessed through the
web under the name ‘Web of Science’ (WOS).

CORE COLLECTION OF WEB OF SCIENCE
Web of Science is a curated collection of over 20,000
peers - reviewed; high-quality scholarly journals
published worldwide (including Open Access journals) in
over 250 science, social sciences, and humanities
disciplines. Conference proceedings and book data are
also available.
 Content: Life sciences, biomedical sciences, engineering,
social sciences, arts & humanities
 Number of journals: 20,300 journals + books and conference
proceedings
 Coverage: Over 71 million records, More than 94,000 books,
Over 10 million conference papers

Databases covered: Science Citation Index, Social Sciences Citation
Index, Arts & Humanities Citation Index, Conference Proceedings
Citation Index, Book Citation Index, Emerging Sources Citation Index
Time period covered: i) Sciences: 1900-present,
ii) Social Sciences: 1900-present,
iii) Arts & Humanities: 1975-present,
iv) Proceedings: 1990-present,
v) Books: 2005-present,
vi) Emerging Source Citation Index: 2005-present
Cited references: > 1 billion (1900 to present)
64 million items with cited references
Author indexing: All authors from all publications are indexed.
Institution indexing: Institution’s variants and parent/child
relationships are mapped and connected to a preferred
institutional name through a manually-curated process.

Citation databases of Web of Science
A citation database is a form of bibliographic index which
provides a record of citations between publications,
enabling a user to see which publications have cited
which other publications. Such a database will show
which authors have cited a publication and how many
times an author has been cited.
Science Citation Index: i)Covers: More than 8500 journals
(150 disciplines)
ii)Starting year: 1900 to present
Chemistry Citation Index: i)Covers: 330 Chemistry journals
ii) Starting year: 1992 to present

Social Science Citation Index: i) Covers: More than 3000 journals (50
disciplines)
Arts and Humanities Citation Index: i) Covers: More than 1700 journals
ii) Starting years: 1975 to present
Book Citation Index: i)Covers: More than 60000 editorially selected
books
Citation conference proceedings index: i)Covers: More than 160000
conference titles
ii)Starting years: 1990 to present

Regional databases
 Chinese Science Citation Database
 SciELO Citation Index
 Korea Citation Index
 Russian Science Citation Index

Search technique of Web of Science
 OPERATOR: AND, OR, NOT, NEAR, and SAME
 Boolean Operators: Boolean Operators are words used to
combine or exclude keywords in a search. They help to
produce more focused search result.

AND: Use AND to find records containing all terms separated by
the operator.
EXAMPLE: Blood pressure AND Stroke
OR: Use OR to find records containing any of the terms separated
by the operator.
EXAMPLE: Myocardial OR Heart attack
NOT: Use NOT to exclude records containing certain words from
your search.
EXAMPLE: Cardiovascular disease NOT Heart attack
Note: When searching for organization names that contain a Boolean (AND,
NOT, NEAR, and SAME), always enclose the word in quotation marks ( “ ”)

EXAMPLE
• (Japan Science "and" Technology Agency (JST))
• ("Near" East Univ)
• ("OR" Hlth Sci Univ)
Another technique
• "Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST)"
• "Near East Univ"
• "OR Hlth Sci Univ"

Proximity Operators
 A proximity operator is a character or word used to narrow
search engine results by limiting them to those that have query
keywords placed within a specific number of words in the
content.
• NEAR/x, SAME
 NEAR/x: Use NEAR/x to find records where the terms joined by
the operator are within a specified number of words of each
other.
EXAMPLE: salmon NEAR/x virus
Note: If someone use NEAR without /x, the system will find records where the terms
joined by NEAR are within 15 words of each other.
• salmon NEAR virus
• salmon NEAR/15 virus

Note: 1. Cannot use the AND operator in queries that include the NEAR
operator
EXAMPLE: TS = (Germany NEAR/10 (monetary AND union))
This query is not valid
2. The NEAR operator may be used to find a word or phrase within X
number of words of a phrase.
EXAMPLE: TS = (Germany NEAR/10 "monetary union")
3. NEAR/0 dictates that the words joined by the operator should be
adjacent.
EXAMPLE: TS = (Germany NEAR/10 (monetary NEAR/0 union))
4. The Word NEAR Appears in a Title Always enclose the word
NEAR in quotation marks ( " " ). when the word appears in the title of a source
item such as a journal, book, proceeding, or other type of work.
EXAMPLE: Atomistic simulations of a solid/liquid interface: a combined
force field and first principles approach to the structure and dynamics of
acetonitrile "near" an anatase

Same: In Address searches, use SAME to restrict our search to terms that
appear in the same address within a Full Record. Use parentheses to group
our address terms.
EXAMPLE: AD=(McGill Univ SAME Quebec SAME Canada)
Finds records in which McGill University appears in the Addresses field of a
Full Record along with Quebec and Canada.
Note: SAME works exactly like AND when used in other fields (such as
Topic and Title fields) and when the terms appear in the same record.
EXAPLE: TS=(cat SAME mouse) retrieves the same results as TS=(cat AND
mouse).

Search Operator Precedence
 If you use different operators in your search, the search is processed
according to this order of precedence
NEAR/x, SAME, NOT, AND, OR
 Use parentheses to override operator precedence
Example: influenza OR flu AND avian
Finds records containing the word influenza. It also finds records containing
both flu and avian.
(influenza OR flu) AND avian
Finds records containing both influenza and avian or both flu and avian.
Example: copper OR lead AND algae
Finds all records in which both lead AND algae are present as well as all
records in which the word copper is present.
(Copper OR lead) AND algae
Finds all records in which the word algae is present together with either copper
or lead.

Use of Parentheses
 Use parentheses to override operator precedence. The
expression inside the parentheses is executed first.
Example: (cadmium AND gill*) NOT Pisces
finds records containing both cadmium and gill (or gills),
but excludes records containing the word Pisces.
Example: (salmon OR pike) NEAR/10 virus
Find records containing salmon or pike within 10 words of
virus.

WILD CARD SYMBOL
SYMBOL DESCRIPTION
* To retrieve words with variant zero to
many characters .
(Example : disease* will include diseases,
diseased, diseasing etc.)
?
To retrieve words words with the
replacement of 1 character.
( Example : Wom?n include women,
woman.)
$ Retrieves zero or one character.
(Example : Disease$ includes only
diseases)
“ ” To search exact phrases.
(Example : “ strict dietary restrictions”.)

BASIC SEARCH
 The basic search provides a user-friendly interface that
lets you define complex queries, without needing to
know how to use JQL (advanced searching).
 Boolean operators (AND, OR, NOT) are used in Basic
search.
 A basic search allows limiting by material type.
 How to use: i) At first select Web of Science Core
Collection and then select the basic search option and
put the key word “lemur”.
ii) Here someone can uses the left side pull
down menus for selection of the right Boolean Operators
(AND, OR, NOT)

EXAMPLE AND
Lemur AND Drought
RESULT: Few numbers
where both key words (Lemur, Drought) are present

EXAMPLE OR
 Lemur OR Marmoset OR Sifaka
RESULT: Lots of
• It finds those documents where at least any of the keywords
may be present

EXAMPLE NOT
 Lemur NOT Ring – tailed
 RESULT: Lots of but more than AND less than OR
Where only one key words are present

ADVANCE SEARCH
 An advanced search adds the option to limit by language,
publication date, and publisher.
 These options for limiting the search are also available for
title, author, and subject searches.
 Web of science user uses different search tools for advanced
search. Like Boolean operators, field tags, parentheses, wild
card symbol.

FIELD TAG
CI = City AD= Address OG = Organization
AI= Author Identifiers PS = Province/State AU= Author
PY = Year published CF = Conference SA = Street address
SG = Sub organization DO = Document object
identifier
SO = Publication Name
ED= Editor SU = Research Area FG = Grant Number
FO = Funding Agency TS = Topic TI = Title
FT = Funding Text UT = Accession
Number

EXAMPLE OF ADVANCE SEARCH
 The Advanced Search allows to create complex queries using
two-character field tags and set combinations.
 To run a search to find articles appearing in Energy or Energy
Policy about carbon dioxide emissions
Following search is
TS=((“carbon dioxide” or co2) same emission*) and SO=(energy
or energy policy)
Here, TS means Topic and SO means publication name
Another example: OG=(Tufts University) AND TS=(biodivers*
“and” conserv*)
Here, OG means Organization and TS means Topic

Result of Advance Search
OG=(Tufts University) AND TS=(biodivers* “and” conserv*)
TS=((“carbon dioxide” or co2) same emission*) and SO=(energy or energy
policy)

CITED REFERENCE SEARCH
 Enter the first author’s name in the Cited Author field with
appropriate truncation. Enter multiple names of authors
linked by the Boolean OR if a work has multiple authors.
 Enter a journal or book title in the Cited Work field. It is
advised to abbreviate the titles and combine them from their
indexed version found in the abbreviation list.
 omit the Cited Year(s) field initially or anyone can give the
Cited Year(s). If get too many results, enter the year(s) that
may refine relevant records.
 EXAMPLE:
• Cited Author: Boltanski L* OR Thevenot L*
• Cited Work: De la justifi* OR On justifi*
• Cited year(s): Omit and then refine if needed to: 1991 OR
2006

Citation Indexing
 The following types of literature are indexed:
scholarly book, peer reviewed journals, original research
articles, reviews, editorials, chronologies, abstracts, as well
as other items. Disciplines included in this index
are agriculture, biological sciences, engineering, medical
and life sciences, Physical and chemical sciences, library
sciences, architecture, dance, music, film.

Citation Network
• Firstly, locate a single paper using traditional search
techniques, which displays in its full record format.
• For the backward citations, click the cited references link to
access all the research literature used to write the article or
paper citing the viewed record and to get an idea of the more
recent developments in citation performance.
• In addition, access related records to access the records and
research fields that are closely related to the original article.
“Related Records” use the concept of bibliographic coupling
to establish the relationship; based on the fact that similar
items often cite the same literature.

H-index
• h-index is based on a list of publications ranked in descending order by the
Times Cited count.
• h-index of 20 means there are 20 items that have 20 citations or more.
 Calculation:
 The h-index factor is based on the depth of years of user’s product
subscription and selected timespan.
 Items that do not appear on the Results page will not be factored into the
calculation. If user’s subscription depth is 10 years, then the h-index value
is based on this depth even though a particular author may have published
articles more than 10 years ago.
 Moreover, the calculation only includes items in your product - books and
articles in non-covered journals are not included.

Create Citation Report
• Connect to the Web of Science database
• The most effective search is by author. First, change the
default search setting from “Topic” to “Author.” Enter the last
name, a space, and the first initial of the first name followed
by an asterisk, Ex. Oldow j*
• Once the results are retrieved for the author, click Create
Citation Report in the upper right corner
• On the Citation Report page, displayed are a graph for the
number of articles or items published by the author (left), a
graph listing the number of times the author has been cited by
year (center), and finally the h-index (right)

Citation Mapping
• Web of Science’s most innovative tools is the citation
mapping feature
• Enter the title in the search box and then search under
title. If we click on the title, it will take us to the record
for that article.
• On the right, we will see a menu titled “Citation
Network.” The number of times cited will take to articles
that have cited the selected article while cited references
will take to a list of articles listed in the selected article’s
bibliography.
• 3. Click on “View citation map” in order to begin the
citation mapping process and select which direction we
want our citation map to give us.

Citation Mapping
• Then, we need to select how many generations we want our
map to show. First generation gives us articles that have either
been cited by or cited the selected article while second
generation gives us the articles that have either cited or been
cited by the articles from the first generation.
• Select “forward only” and “first generation” and then click
“create map” .map will be generated.
• The title of original record or listed at the top of the page and
is also found in the center node of the map. This area in the
lower left hand area gives us a list of all of the articles that
have cited this article while the lower right hand area shows us
the full record of the selected article or node.
• Click and drag to move around the map. Double click on a
node in order to see the details of that article.

Query pratitioner tool – Web of Science
 Three steps: 1. The user must insert the Web of Science query
to split in the query field and press the begin query partitioning
button.
Example: a user could input the query PY = 2007 AND CU =
USA

2.A new window will open asking to execute a particular query to
the Web of Science interface and requesting to input the number
of result obtained in the blank field. To help the copy paste
mechanism into the web of Science web page, the query to
execute is automatically inserted into the system clip board. If the
result count of the execute query is greater than 1000000, the
field must be left blank. The next iteration button should then be
pressed.

3. Step 2 will repeated several times until a final results count is
obtained. Once this count is shown.

New Update structure drawing
• Web of Science is now using ‘Dotmatics’ Elemental as the new
drawing tool that enables researchers to find the articles related
to specific chemical compounds to structures
• To draw a new chemical compound, use the Elemental
structure drawing tools (such as phenyl ring, the bonds, etc.)
that are available in the top row
• Then select the elements using the right side column. Clicking
on the element will toggle between valid element will toggle
between valid elements that can be inserted here (i.e.,
CH4CH3CH2CH1CHC).

New Update Analyse Results
• The Analyse Results feature in Web of Science gives an
overview of the authors, journals, funding agencies,
organizations, etc., in user’s results sets.
• This makes it easy to identify the most productive authors or
the journals that publish the most about their topic.
• The redesigned Analyse Results feature contains visualization
options. Users can create a tree map or a bar graph of up to 25
results. Under the visualization, they find the table view with
all data and details.

Web of Science in Social Media
• We get to access Web of Science in social
media like Face book and twitter.
• Web of Science has a page in Face book.
They post various research and
education related topic time to time.
• They also share videos.
• We get to access Web of Science in social
media like Face book and twitter.
• Web of Science has a page in Face book.
They post various research and
education related topic time to time.
• They also share videos.

Conclusion
Now a days web of Science is good online based citation
indexing service provider, which is maintained by Clarivate
Analytics. Google Scholar and Scopus are main competitor of
Web of Science. From the beginning to today Web of Science is
constantly updating for their users.

Web of Science

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