telecommunication management concept

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Introduction to TMN
TELECOMMUNICATION
MANAGEMENT CONCEPT

the ITU-T (the former CCITT) as an abbreviation for `Telecommunications
Management Network'.
The concept of a TMN is defined by Recommendation M.3010 .
TMN has a strong relationship with OSI management , and defines a number of
concepts that have relevance for Internet Management
THE TERM TMN IS INTRODUCED
BY

TECOMMUNICATION NETWORK
GENERAL RELATIONSHIP OF A TMN
TO A TELECOMMUNICATION
NETWORK
OPERATION
SYSTEM
DATA COMMUNICATION NETWORK
OPERATION
SYSTEM
OPERATION
SYSTEM
WORK
STATION
EXCHANGE
TRANSMISSI
ON SYSTEM
EXCHANGE
TRANSMISSI
ON SYSTEN
EXCHANGE
TMN

the general TMN management concept introduces several management
architectures at different levels of abstraction:
A functional architecture , which describes a number of management
functions.
A physical architecture , which defines how these management functions may
be implemented into physical equipment.
An information architecture , which describes concepts that have been
adopted from OSI management.
A logical layered architecture (LLA), which includes one of the best ideas of
TMN: a model that shows how management can be structured according
to different responsibilities.
RECOMMENDATION M.3010
DEFINES

The TMN functional architecture introduces the concept of
reference point to delineate function blocks.
REFERENCE POINT
Five different classes of reference points are
identified. 1
identified. 2
identified. 3
identified. 4
identified. 5

REFERENCE POINT
Three of them (q, f and x) are completely
described by the TMN recommendations
the other classes (g and m) are located
outside the TMN and only partially
described
the other classes (g and m) are located
outside the TMN and only partially
described

EXAMPLE OF REFERENCE POINTS
BETWEEN FUNCTION BLOCKS
the Mediation Function (MF) can be
reached via q reference points and that
the m reference point can be used to reach
the Q Adaptor Function (QAF) from
outside TMN

A typical telecommunication network consists of exchanges and transmission
systems.
NETWORK ELEMENT FUNCTIONS
TECOMMUNICATION NETWORK
EXCHANGE
TRANSMISSI
ON SYSTEM
EXCHANGE
TRANSMISSI
ON SYSTEN
EXCHANGE
In TMN terminology, exchanges and
transmission systems are examples
of network elements (NEs).

Management functions  allow the NEF block to operate in an agent specific
role.
The functions that are performed by NEs are `Network Element Functions' (NEFs).
These functions include:
Primary (or telecommunications) functions. These functions are the subject of
management and support the exchange of data between the users of the
telecommunication network.

An OSF communicates with the NEF over a q3 reference point
The Operations System Functions (OSF) block initiates management operations and receives
notifications.
In terms of the manager-agent model, the OSF may be seen as the manager
specific functions.

The service provided at the q 3 reference point is generally the
Common Management Information Service (CMIS).
RELATION BETWEEN OSF, NEF
AND Q 3

Such aspects of support are not considered to be part of the TMN“ 
therefore locates the WSF at the edge, and the g reference point outside the TMN.
WORK STATION FUNCTIONS
• "The Work Station Function (WSF) block provides the means to interpret TMN
information for the management information user.
• The WSF includes support for interfacing to a human user (at the g reference point).

Since the m reference point is a non-TMN (e.g. proprietary) reference point,
 figure shows the QAF at the edge of the TMN
Q ADAPTOR FUNCTION (QAF
The Q Adaptor Function (QAF) block is used to connect to the TMN those entities which do
not support standard TMN reference points

In the example shown below; a non-TMN OSF and a non-TMN NEF are
connected to the TMN.
The responsibility of both QAFs is to translate between q reference points
(which are TMN reference points) and m reference points.
Q ADAPTOR FUNCTIONS

The Mediation Function (MF) block is located within the TMN and acts on information passing between
NEFs or QAFs, and OSFs.
A MF block can be used to connect a single, as well as multiple NEFs and QAFs to an OSF.
MF blocks can also be cascaded.
Among the types of MFs that can be recognized, are those that:
Augment OSFs; examples are storage and filtering of management information.
Augment NEFs; an example is the transformation from the local representation of management information into a
standardized form.
MEDIATION FUNCTIONS

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN
FUNCTION BLOCKS
return

Physical architecture shows how TMN's functions, which were defined by the
functional architecture, can be implemented into physical equipment.
TMN's physical architecture is thus defined at a lower abstraction level than
TMN's functional architecture
PHYSICAL ARCHITECTURE

RELATIONS BETEEN TMN
ARCHITECTURES
convention

TMN's Physical Architecture defines the following building blocks:
Network Element (NE).
Mediation Device (MD).
Q Adaptor (QA).
Operations System (OS).
Work Station (WS).
Data Communication Network (DCN).
BUILDING BLOCKS

FIGURE SHOWS WHICH FUNCTION
BLOCKS MAY BE IMPLEMENTED INTO
WHICH BUILDING BLOCKS.

A usual decomposition of management functionality
leads to the following layers of abstraction:
element management layer
network management layer
service management layer
business management layer
LOGICAL LAYERED
ARCHITECTURE

The functions of individual Network Elements are managed by Operations Systems
Functions (OSF) in the Element Management layer. This layer deals with vendor specific
management functions and hides these functions from the layer above, the Network
Management layer.
Examples of functions performed at the Element Management layer are:
detection of equipment errors,
measuring power consumption,
measuring the temperature of equipment,
measuring the resources that are being used, like CPU-time, buffer space, queue length etc.,
logging of statistical data,
updating firmware.
ELEMENT MANAGEMENT LAYER

Whereas the responsibility of the Element Management layer is to manage NEFs
implemented within single pieces of equipment, the responsibility of the Network
Management layer is to manage the functions related to the interaction between
multiple pieces of equipment.
Examples of functions performed at this layer are:
creation of the complete network view,
creation of dedicated paths through the network to support the QoS demands of end users,
modification of routing tables,
monitoring of link utilization,
optimizing network performance, and
detection of faults.
NETWORK MANAGEMENT LAYER

The Service Management layer is concerned with management of those aspects
that may directly be observed by the users of the telecommunication network.
These users may be end users (customers) but also other service providers (administrations).
Service Management builds upon the management information that is provided by the Network
Management layer, but does not `see' the internal structure of the network.
Routers, switches, links etc. can therefore not directly be managed at Service Management level.
Examples of functions performed at the Service Management layer are:
Quality of Service management (delay, loss, etc.),
Accounting,
Addition and removal of users,
Address assignment,
Maintenance of group addresses.
SERVICE MANAGEMENT LAYER

EXAMPLES OF SERVICE
MANAGEMENT

EXAMPLES OF VALUE ADDED
SERVICE

The Business Management layer is responsible for the management of the whole
enterprise.
This layer has a broad scope;
communications management is just a part of it.
Business management can be seen as goal setting, rather than goal achieving.
For this reason business Management can better be related to strategical and
tactical management, instead of operational management, like the other
management layers of TMN.
BUSINESS MANAGEMENT LAYER

GENERAL RELATIONSHIP OF A TMN
TO A TELECOMMUNICATION
NETWORK

telecommunication management concept

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