Why prophet mohammed eng. (final 2014) original

Forty Gatherings With The Beloved Prophet Muhammad
40 Gatherings
With The Beloved
Prophet Muhammad
His Way Of Life, Morals & Noble Manners
By Dr. Adel Ibn Ali Al-Shiddy
Co Prof. for Tafseer and Quranic Sciences
King Saud University
Translation for the sake of Allah by: Nawaf D. Suleman
“May Allah Accepts from me and you spreading it”
Translated for the Sake of Allah
For loving Prophet Muhammad
by me
Willing for Allah's forgiveness
Please pray for me
N. D. S.
May Allah's Peace & Blessings be upon him
(PBUH )

In the Name of Allah The Most Gracious Most Merciful
Introduction
All praise be to Allah who honored us by sending Muhammad Ibn Abdullah
(PBUH )1
as teacher, educator and guider. Allah “all praise be to him
2
” said in his holy book the Quran:
"Allah did confer a great favor on the believers when He sent among them a
Messenger from among themselves, rehearsing unto them the Signs of Allah,
sanctifying them, and instructing them in Scripture and Wisdom, while,
before that, they had been in manifest error. (3-164)." And;
Allah's peace and blessing be upon our Prophet Muhammad ( ), the most
honored, chasten and righteous man chosen by Allah to be the best model to
mankind, the seal (last) of the Prophets and a mercy to mankind. Allah have
chosen him "Thy Lord does create and choose as He pleases (28:68)"
And
"Allah chooses Messengers from angels and from men..(22:75)” and sent
him as "O Prophet, indeed We have sent you as a witness and a bringer
of good tidings and a warner. (45)And one who invites to Allah, by His
permission, and an illuminating lamp. (33:45-46).”
Allah destined glory, happiness and honor to those who follow his
(Prophet’s) footsteps and destined humiliation, misery and disgrace to those
who opposed him. May Allah's Peace and Blessings be upon him as often as
he was mentioned by righteous people, and as long as the daylight darkness
of the night follows one another.
It is very well known that no gathering was honorable than being with the
Prophet Muhammad Peace and Blessings of Allah be upon him ( ) and
although the Prophet’s companions may Allah be pleased with them3
were
honored by meeting the Prophet and benefiting from his teachings,
directions and guidance, Allah has given us - out of generosity and mercy
– ways to study his Sunnah4
"way of life", wisdom, guidance and to know
his personal features which are distinguished by complete mercy,
forgiveness, honor, generosity and good manners.
1
Henceforth, the Arabic symbol of text will be used
2
Henceforth, the Arabic symbol of text will be used.
3
Henceforth, the Arabic symbol of text will be used
4
“Sunnah” in Islamic terminology means the divinely ordained way of life
Followed by Prophet Muhammad.

Long back, I thought of writing about these gatherings of the Prophet “May
Alla's Peace and Blessings be upon him” in short an simple way, which
could bring the Muslim nearer to Prophet's conduct, guidance and his noble
features and to him achieve what Allah said :
"Ye have indeed in the Messenger of Allah a beautiful pattern (of conduct)
for any one whose hope is in Allah and the Final Day, and who engages
much in the Praise of Allah."(33:21)
And, said:
"So take what the Messenger assigns to you, and deny yourselves that which
he withholds from you." (59:7)
I was keen not to include any marginal issues in these gatherings’
presentations which could distract the readers away from some of its goals. I
also used big and clear fonts to make it easier for Imams of Masjids5
to read
it for worshipers in Masjids and for teachers who may wish to read it or part
of it for his students.
I also extend my thanks to those who contributed to this project by an idea
or effort which lead to this final book. Special thanks are extended to my
brother Mr. Khalid Abu Saleh for his great efforts in collecting organizing
the material, Mr. Muhammad Al-Tayeh for the review and correction of the
book, and Mr. Imam Arafa, owner of the Al-Fustat Press for his efforts in
production, printing and cooperation in reducing the cost for those who wish
to print and charitably distribute this book.
I wish from everyone who reads this book to pray for me and enrich this
book with any comments he may wish at: adelalshddy@hotmail.com.
I pray to Allah to direct us all to pay our duties towards our Prophet , to
make us among those who serve his Sunnah and guidance, and to honor us
in this life and thereafter by following his example and grant us his
companionship in Paradise. I also pray to Allah to make our deeds as purely
devoted to him . May Allah's peace and blessings be upon our Prophet
Muhammad and all of his family members and companions.
By Dr. Adel Ibn Ali Al-Shaddy
Co-Prof. for Quran Sciences & Interpretation at King Saud University
Imam of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs Residences’ Masjid – Riyadh.
5
The place where Muslims perform the 5 daily prayers.

In the Name of Allah The Most Gracious Most Merciful
First Gathering
Some of Prophet’s Rights (1)
Allah has honored us by sending his Prophet Muhammad ( ) to us and
bestowed his favor upon us by making his message known to us. Allah said:
"Allah did confer a great favor on the believers when He sent among them
an apostle from among themselves, rehearsing unto them the Signs of Allah,
sanctifying them, and instructing them in Scripture and Wisdom, while,
before that, they had been in manifest error." (3:164).
The Prophet has many rights that we should respect, pay to him, maintain
and refrain from neglecting them or let go. Among these rights are:
First: Believing in him ( ):
The first right of the Prophet is to believe in him and in his message,
since that whoever disbelieve in him and that he is the seal of the Prophets is
disbeliever, even though if he believes in all previous apostles who came
before Prophet Muhammad ( ).
The Quran is full of verses commanding to believe in the Messenger of
Allah and his message: Among these verses, Allah said:
"Believe, therefore, in Allah and His Messenger, and in the Light which we
have sent down” (64:8)
And, said:
"Only those are Believers who have believed in Allah and His Messenger,
and have never since doubted". (49:15)
Allah explained that non-believing in Allah and his Messenger is a cause
of destruction and painful torture. Allah said:
"This because they contended against Allah and His Messenger. If any
contend against Allah and His Messenger, Allah is strict in punishment". (8-
13)"

The Prophet ( ) said:
"By Him in Whose hand is the life of Muhammad, he who amongst the
community of Jews or Christians hears about me, but does not affirm his
belief in that with which I have been sent and dies in this state (of disbelief),
he shall be but one of the denizens of Hell-Fire”.
Second: Following his steps ( ):
Following the Prophets' steps is the real proof of belief in him. If anyone
claimed that he believes in the Prophet Muhammad ( ) but did not obey his
teachings, ceases from practicing what he prohibited, did not follow his
Sunnah, then he is a liar in what he claimed, because belief in the Prophet
is what has settled in the heart and proven by deeds.
Allah showed that his mercy is only bestowed on those who believe in
him and his Messenger. Allah said:
"But My mercy extendeth to all things. That (mercy) I shall ordain for those
who do right, and practice regular charity, and those who believe in Our
signs." (7:156-157)
Also, Allah promised painful torture for those who shun his Messenger's
belief and disobey his instruction. Allah said in the Quran:
“Then let those beware who withstand the Messenger's order, lest some
trial befall them, or a grievous penalty be inflicted on them” (24-63)
Allah commanded to accept his Messenger's judgment and open hearts
for it. Allah said:
"But no, by the Lord, they can have no (real) Faith, until they make thee
judge in all disputes between them, and find in their souls no resistance
against Thy decisions, but accept them with the fullest conviction." (4-65)
Third: Loving him ( )
Among the Prophet's rights upon his followers is to love him with full, great
and comprehensive love. The Prophet said: "None of you truly believes until
I am dearer to him than his son and his father and all the people." [Agreed
upon6
]
Who he does not love Allah's Messenger is not a believer even if he is has
a Muslim name and lives among Muslims.
6
By Al-Bukhari & Muslim

The biggest love for the Prophet Muhammad ( ) is to love him more than
oneself. Umar Ibn Al-Khattab said to the Prophet Muhammad ( ) Oh
Prophet Muhammad, I love you more than anything else except myself. The
Prophet then replied: "No, by Allah in whose hand is my soul – not until I
am dearer to you than yourself".
Then Umar said: "Now, by Allah you are dearer to me than myself. Then the
Prophet said: "just now Umar [you believed]". Narrated by Al-Bukhari
Fourth: Defending him ( )
One of the most certain rights of the Prophet ( ) is to defend him during his
life and after his death. During the Prophet’s life, his companions defended
him to the best they can.
But, after the Prophet's death, his defense will be through supporting and
following his Sunnah "norm" against calumniation, defamation and
deformation.
We have also to defend our Prophet's noble personality ( ) against
deformation and evil intension or ill representation.
There has been an increase – during this era – in the number of campaigns
to defame and dishonor the Prophet of Islam ( ) , therefore the entire
Ummah (Muslim nation) must defend our Prophet with all possible means
until these offenders abandon these deceitful, slander and falsified
campaigns against our Prophet.

Second Gathering
Some of Prophet’s Rights (2)
We are still talking about Prophet's rights upon his Ummah ( )
Fifth: Spreading His Message ( )
Loyalty to Prophet Muhammad ( ) includes spreading his message of Islam
throughout the world as the Prophet ( ) said: "At least convey one Ayah
"verse" from me to others. Narrated by Bukhari, and said: "Indeed, if Allah
guides a man through you to the right path, it is better for you than have red
camels7
. [Narrated by Bukhari & Muslim.]
Also, the Prophet ( ) informed us that he will be proud of Muslim
outnumbering other nations on the Day of Judgment (Narrated by Ahmad.)
Among the ways our Muslim nation will outnumber other nations on the
Day of Judgment is: to spread Islam through inviting people da’wah to
Allah ( ) by embracing Islam. Allah stated in the Quran that spreading the
Message of Islam is the duty of apostles and their followers. Allah said in
the Quran:
"Say thou: "This is my way: I do invite unto Allah,- on evidence clear as the
seeing with one's eyes,- I and whoever follows me."( 12:108)
The Muslim Ummah (Muslim nation) must cling to its duty which Allah
created it for, that is to spread the message of Islam, promote virtue and
prevent vice. Allah said in the Quran:
"Ye are the best of peoples, evolved for mankind, enjoining what is right,
forbidding what is wrong, and believing in Allah." (2:110.)
Sixth: Honoring him alive and dead ( ) :
This is among his rights that many Muslims have neglected. Allah said:
"We have truly sent thee as a witness, as a bringer of Glad Tidings, and as a
Warner ۞ In order that ye (O men) may believe in Allah and His
Messenger that ye may assist and honor Him, and celebrate His praise
morning and evening." (48: 8-9.)
Ibn Sa’adi said: "It means to assist, honor, defend and greatly respect the
Messenger and do your duties – upon your shoulders – and fulfill his
rights".
7
Camels: Metaphorically means wealth, hour and prestige

Prophet companions were of great respect, high opinion and admiration of
the Prophet. When he spoke they listen as if birds are nesting on their heads
and when the words of Allah said:
"O ye who believe! Raise not your voices above the voice of the Prophet,
nor speak aloud to him in talk, as ye may speak aloud to one another, lest
your deeds become vain and ye perceive not." (49:2)
Abu Bakr Narrated: "I swore by Allah, that I will not speak to you from now
on but whisper"
Prophet's veneration after his death ( ) will be by following his Sunnah
"norm", regard him with great respect, accept his judgments, speak to him
politely, and not to disagree with his opinion for own opinion or faith. Al-
Sahfei, May Allah bestow his mercy on him said: "Muslims unanimously
confirm that whoever realized the Sunnah of Prophet Muhammad ( ) he is
not permitted to abandon for the sake of anyone.
Seventh: To pray for him whenever he is mentioned ( ) .
Allah Almighty ordered us to pray for the Prophet as he said in the
Quran:
"Allah and His angels send blessings on the Prophet: O ye that believe!
Send ye blessings on him, and salute him with all respect." (33: 56)
The Prophet ( ) said: "His nose will be dipped in soil who ever I was
mentioned in his presence and do not send me blessings". [Narrated by
Muslim].
And said: "those who deserve my attention most on the Day of Judgment are
those who always send me blessings and pray for me". [Narrated by At-
Tirmidhi]
And said ( ) : "The tightfisted is who I am mentioned in his presence and
does not send me blessings". [Narrated by Ahmad and at-Tirmidhi.]
It is discourteous from a Muslim if hears the Prophet ( ) being mentioned
in his presence and be stingy not to send him blessings and pray for him.
Imam Ibn Al-Qayyem, May Allah bestow mercy on him had mentioned
many of the benefits of sending blessings to Prophet Muhammad ( ) in his
book titled "Clarifying the Understandings of Sending Blessings on the Best
of Mankind". Please review.

Eighth: Be Loyal to his followers and Hate his enemies ( ) .
Allah said in the Quran:
"Thou wilt not find any people who believe in Allah and the Last Day,
loving those who resist Allah and His Messenger, even though they were
their fathers or their sons, or their brothers, or their kindred ۞ For such
He has written Faith in their hearts, and strengthened them with a spirit
from Himself." (58: 22)
Loyalty to the Prophet means: Loyalty to his companions and loving them,
regard them, know their rights and show gratitude to them, follow their
footsteps, as Allah to forgive them, abandon what they conflicted for,
oppose their enemies as well as loving the Prophet's family members, pay
loyalty to them, and defend them without excessiveness. Similar to this is to
love Muslim Scholars, be loyal to them, and avoid criticizing them or
harming them.
Loyalty to the Prophet ( ) means also opposing his enemies of disbelievers
and hypocrites and others of mislead.
A man of fancy said to Ayoub Al-Sikhtiani one day: I want to ask you one
word? He abandoned him pointing his finger: not even half word "out of his
great regard and respect to the Prophet's Sunnah and in opposing it's
enemies.

Gathering (3)
Prophet's Conduct in Ramadan (1)
( PBUH)
Imam Ibn al-Qayyim (may Allah have mercy upon him) said, The Prophet's
Conduct in the month of Ramadan was the most perfect, comprehensive,
matching the spirit and to the point. The Holey Ramadan was imposed in
the 2nd
year of Prophet's immigration to Medinah. The Prophet fasted 9
Ramadans only.
Ramadan was firstly imposed with an option to either fast or feed a poor per
day, then this option was revoked and fasting became obligatory. Feeding
one person per day was made a choice to elderly men and women who
cannot fast. Sick and traveling people8
were also allowed to break fasting
and make up after Ramadan. This also applies to pregnant and suckling
women who are allowed to break fasting and compensate if they fear for
their health. If they fear for their children too, they will, in addition to
compensation for fasting, feed one person per day after Ramadan because
their breaking of fast was not due to fear for their health or due to sickness,
they were healthy and fasting therefore compensated by feeding as at the
beginning of Islam.
Performing Extra Worship:
The Prophet’s ( ) Conduct in the month of Ramadan:
He was accustomed during the holy month of Ramadan to do more than
ever of various types of worship. Gabriel ( ) used to review the Quran with
him in the month of Ramadan. When meeting Gabriel ( ), Allah's Apostle
was more generous than the wind9
. He was the most generous person ever,
and even more generous during the month of Ramadan wherein he increases
charities, kindness, and recitation of the Quran, prayers, supplication and
I’tikaaf in the Masjid.
He used to do worship in Ramadan more than he did in the other months.
He even used to continue fasting through the nights sometimes "Muslims
fast only from sun rise to sun set " in order to elapse his day and night time
praying for Allah.
The Prophet ( ) banned his companions from doing so "continuing fasting
through the night also" and when they say: you are doing so, he used to say:
"I am different than you, I remain with my Allah who provides me with food
& drink" [by Bukhari & Muslim].
8
"over 80kms"
9
In doing good to people and charities to the poor.

The Prophet Muhammad prohibited his followers – out of mercy - from
continuing their fast all the way until the next day’s sun set, and only
allowed them to continue fasting until the time of daybreak.
In Saheeh Al-Bukhari, Abu Saeed Al-Khudri Narrated that he heard the
Prophet ( ) saying "Do not continue fasting through the night. If you wish
to, you may continue till the crack of dawn only." This is the most just and
easiest method of fasting. It is actually a delayed fast breaking. A fasting
Muslim has a feast to eat so if he eats it before Dawn; it means that he has
shifted it from the sunset to dawn.
Prophet's Conduct When the Month of Ramadan is certain:
The Prophet's conduct was not to start fasting without surely seeing the
moon or depending on at least one witness who did see the moon. He ( )
declared fasting one time on the testimony of Ibn Umar and on the
testimony of Bedouin on another. He ( ) accepted their news without
asking them to utter the Shahadah. So if that was a notification, he accepted
one man’s information in Ramadan, and this was a testimony, he did not ask
the witness to utter Shahadah. If the moon was not seen and not witness
stepped forward to testify seeing it, he would complete the Month of
Sha’aban up to 30 days.
If on the 29th’s
night of Sha’aban the sky was cloudy the moon was not seen,
the Prophet would complete Sha’aban up to 30th
day.
The Prophet ( ) was not accustomed to fast if the sky was over casted and
never ordered his companions to do so, rather he ordered them to complete
Sha’aban for 30 days. He used to do that. This was his conduct which does
not contradict his saying: "If overcast compute for it". Agreed.
Computation here means to continue the days of the month till 30 in case of
over casted sky as the Prophet said as Narrated by Al-Bukhari: "complete
Sha’aban to 30 days".
Prophet's Conduct Towards the End of Ramadan:
His conduct was ( ) to start fasting the Month pursuant to one Muslim’s
testimony and breaks fasting by end of the month upon two witnesses’
testimonies; and
If two witnesses testified seeing the moon after Eid prayer time, he used to
break his fasting, order his companions to do so and pray for Eid next day at
the same time.

Gathering (4)
Prophet's Conduct in Ramadan (2)
( PBUH)
The Imam Ibn al-Qayyim May Allah's Mercy be upon him said: "The
Prophet used to hasten breaking fasting and encourages his companions to
do so while delaying his Sahour10
until prior to the first light of the day
"before daybreak meal in Ramadan" and urged his companions to do the
same.
He also urged his followers to break their fast using dates and if not
available, water. This is out of his great mercy over his followers as taking
sweet food on an empty stomach is more acceptable to human nature and
better for human body which needs sugar after a long fast especially for the
sight.
For Medinah residents at that time, dates were considered as their food,
sweets and the best available fruits.
As for the water, when a person fasts, his liver will be dried a bit. By
drinking water it will help digestion and burning of food. Therefore it is
always a priority for the hungry and thirsty person to drink little water
before eating. Adding to this, the special character of taking dates and water
together will have a special effect on the heart which is only known to
physicians.
Accompanying the Prophet when breaking his fast ( )
The Prophet ( ) used to break his fasting before praying.
He ( ) would break his fasting by eating few ripe dates – if available – if
not, few dry dates and if not he would do with few sips of water.
It was Narrated that after he breaks fasting, he used to say: "Thirst
vanished, veins moistened and awarded for sure (if Allah wills)." [Narrated
by Abu Dawud.]
It was Narrated that the Prophet ( ) said: "Fasting Muslim has – upon fast
breaking – one un-refused supplication". [Narrated by Ibn Majjah]
It was also Narrated that he said: "if darkness comes from this direction and
departs from this direction, a fasting person has broken his fast" agreed.
10
Sahour: means a pre-dawn meal for those intending to fast.

This was interpreted as = Fasting has been broken in judgment = even if he
did not intends to since the fast breaking has arrived.

Fasting Manners
The Prophet ( ) forbidden fasting Muslims from using obscene language,
turmoil, curse or insults during fasting and to respond by saying "I am
fasting" [by Bukhari & Muslim].
Some Muslim scholars said: He must utter it by the tongue (this more
obvious).
Others said: In his heart to remind himself that he is fasting. Others said:
He must utter it with his tongue during obligatory fasting and in his heart
during voluntary fasting to be far from showing off.
Prophet's Conduct while Traveling in Ramadan
The Prophet ( ) traveled during Ramadan. He fasted sometimes and broke
his fasting in other times, and gave his companions the option to do either.
He used to order them to break their fast when approaching an enemy to
be able to fight in battles. If their travel did not include Jihad, he ( ) used
to say to his companions: "Breaking Fasting is an option. If you take it is
good and if you leave it, there will be no penalty."
Prophet Muhammad ( ) traveled during the greatest and most significant
military campaigns: Badr and the conquest of Makkah. Not of his conduct
was to estimate the distance that allows to break fasting upon travel. This
was never Narrated for surely.
Prophet companions used to break fasting even before leaving their urban
area and Narrated that this was the Prophets conduct "Sunnah" as Narrated
by Obaid Ibn Jabr: "I boarded a ship with Abi Basra Al-Gafari, a companion
of Prophet Muhammad ( ), from Al-Fustat "city" in Ramdan. We almost
had not left the urban area before he asked for the banquet. He ordered me
to join. I enquired, "don't you see the houses? Abu Basra said: "do you like
not the Prophet's Sunnah? ( ) Narrated by Ahmad and Abu Dawud.
Muhammad Ibn Ka’b said: "I went to Anas Ibn Malik in Ramadan while
he intending to travel. His camel was ready and he had put on traveling
clothes. He ordered food and eat. I asked him whether this was the Sunnah?
He said “yes" and mounted his camel. (Narrated by Al-Tirmidhi)
These are obvious proves that whoever initiated travel during a day in
Ramadan, he may break his fasting.

Gathering (5)
The Prophet's Conduct in Ramadan (3)
( PBUH)
It was the Prophet’s conduct ( ) to take a bath “ghusl” from Janabah
"sleeping with his wife" at dawn – after Al-Fajr Azan and continue fasting
the day.
He ( ) also used to kiss some of his wives during fasting and he resembled
kissing in Ramadan 11
as rinsing the mount with water.
His guidance ( ) for those who eat or drink absentmindedly
He ( ) Penalize not those who eat or drink absentmindedly and said that
Allah the Almighty has given him food and drink. They need not to make up
for the day. A man is penalized for what he is aware of. This is as if he eats
and drinks dreaming. You are not accounted for what you do in your dreams
or when forgetful.
Fasting Breakers or Invalidators
Of his conduct ( ),fasting breakers are: deliberate eating, drinking12
, blood
cupping and vomiting.
The holey Quran states that sexual intercourse breaks fast as does eating
and drinking. No disagreement was recorded on this. Nothing was Narrated
about the Prophet considering eyeliner (Kohl) as fasting invalidator. The
Prophet also used to clean his teeth with the tooth stick (Miswak) while
fasting.
- Imam Ahmad Narrated that Prophet Muhammad would pour
water over his head while fasting.
- Also he used to rinse water in his mouth and through the nose
during fasting but he ordered not to take it so deeply in the
throat.
- Imam Ahmad also said that he “the Prophet” would not have
himself cupped during fasting.
- He never prohibited using the (Miswak) early or late in the day.
11
Scholars dislike kissing during fasting for those who cannot control themselves.
12
Including whatever similar such as nutritional injections (and of course smoking).

Prophet's Conduct in I’tikaaf (I’tikaaf) ( )
The Prophet ( ) used to perform I’tikaaf (I’tikaaf) regularly during the last
10 days of Ramadan until his death. One time he missed I’tikaaf in
Ramadan but made up the missing days during the month of Shawwal.
Once he performed I’tikaaf in the first ten days of Ramadan, then in the
middle ten days of Ramadan, then in the last ten days of Ramadan seeking
Laylatul-Qadr., then he knew that it was in the last ten days of Ramadan,
and continued to do so in the last ten days of Ramadan until his death ).
- He used to order that a small tent be set up for him where he will
seclude himself to his Lord .
- When intending I’tikaaf, he used to enter his I’tikaaf place
after praying Fajr.
- He ( ) used to perform I’tikaaf for 10 days every year but in the
year he died in, he secluded himself by I’tikaaf for 20 days.
- Gabriel ( ) used to recite with him the Quran once a year
except the year he died in, recited the Quran twice with him.
- Gabriel ( ) also used to recite the Quran unto Muhammad once
a year except the year he died in where he recited it twice.
- When he intends I’tikaaf he would enter his tent alone.
- He would not go his house "it was linked to his Masjid" unless
for answering human nature. Note: During I’tikaaf men/women
are not allowed to have sexual intercourse"
- He " " used to stretch his head out of the Masjid to Ayshah’s13
"his wife" house to wash his head and manage his hair while his
body is in the Masjid, even when she was menstruated.
- Some of his wives used to visit him in the Masjid during I’tikaaf
and when they decided to leave, he would walk her back home.
This was during the night.
- He " " never kissed or had sexual intercourse or else with a wife
during I’tikaaf.
- During I’tikaaf he used to have his sleeping mattress laid for him
in his tent.
- Wherever he leaves his I’tikaaf for his call of nature, he would
pass by a sick man but not visit him or enquire about him. "Note:
during I’tikaaf you cannot interact with people… you devote
yourself and your time to your Lord".
- Once he performed I’tikaaf in a Turkish tent with a straw mat in
order to realize the spirit of I’tikaaf. This is in contradiction with
the ignorant who made I’tikaaf as a means of gathering and
chatting with friends and wasting their valuable time. They
followed a way in I’tikaaf that contradicts with that of the
Prophet .
13
Prophet’s wife.

Gathering (6)
Prophet's Noble Parentage
( PBUH)
Prophet's Parentage;
He is Abu Al-Qasim, Muhammad Ibn Abdullah, Ibn Abdul-Muttalib Ibn
Hashim Ibn Abdi Manaf, Ibn Qussai, Ibn Kilab, Ibn Murrah Ibn Ka'ab, Ibn
Luai, Ibn Ghaleb, Ibn Fihr Ibn Malik Ibn Al-Dadhr, Ibn Kinanah, Ibn
Khuzaymah, Ibn Modrikah, Ibn Elias, Ibn Moddar, Ibn Nizar, Ibn Ma'ad Ibn
Adnan.
This Parentage of the Prophet is agreed between scholars who also agreed
that Adnan is a son of Ishmael ( ).
Prophet's names ( ):
Jubair Ibn Mutim Narrated that Prophet Muhammad ( ) said: "I have
names: I am Muhammad, I am Ahmad, I am "Al-Mahi" the "the Eliminator"
through whom Allah will eliminates infidelity, and I am the Al-Hasher (the
Gatherer) who gathers people on my feet, and I am "Al-A'aqeb" the last
Prophet". [by Bukhari & Muslim].
Abu Mousa Al-Asha'ary Narrated: Prophet Muhammad ( ) used to name
himself many names such as: I am Muhammad, Ahmad, Al-Moqafy, Al-
Hasher, Prophet of Clemency and Prophet of Mercy." [Narrated by
Muslim].
Purity of the Prophet's Ancestry ( )
This does not need a proof as he ( ) was selected from among Bani Hashim
and Quraysh Parentage. He ( ) is from the most honored tribe among
Arabs, in addition he is from Makkah the holiest and most beloved to Allah
"Allah". Allah said: "Allah knows best with whom to place His Message".
Abu Sufyan confessed - before accepting Islam – when he was asked by
Heraclius about Prophet Muhammad's parentage ( ) and said: He is of high
parentage and honor among us; then Heraclius said: "This is how
Messengers were sent among their people." [[by Bukhari & Muslim]].
And the Prophet ( ) said: "Allah the Almighty chose Ishmael from among
Abraham’s sons, and chose Kinanah from among Ishmael's sons, and chose
Quraysh from Bani Kinanah, and chose Bani Hashim from Quraysh and
chose me from Quraysh ". [Narrated by Muslim]
To purify his parentage, Allah the Almighty had protected his parents from
adultery, as such he ( ) was born as a result of a legal marriage not by
adultery. The Prophet ( ) said: "I am the result of legal marriage, not

adultery, from Adam until my birth from my Father and Mother, unaffected
in anyway by the promiscuity [pre Islamic] of paganism". Narrated by Al-
Tabarni and authenticated by Al-Albani.
Prophet Muhammad also said: "I was born from [the time of Adam ]
through legal marriage and not adultery". Narrated by Ibn Saad and
authenticated by Al-Albani.
Ibn Saad and Ibn Assakir Narrated that Al-Kalbi may Allah bestow mercy
on him said:" I wrote down Five Hundred Mothers of the Prophet
Muhammad , and did not find any of them who made adultery or any of
the practices of paganism life time". Mothers here mean mothers and
grandmothers from his mother and father's sides".
A poet (describing the parentage of the Prophet) said:
From the time of Adam the loins and wombs continued
protecting his parentage
Until he was produced by pure marriages; no two had unlawfully met.
He appeared [on birth] as a full moon which light was not affected by
darkness
Darkness vanished from the power of his lights, cause light erases
darkness.
Thanks to Him who gave us this blessing whose nature is
not overwhelmed with illusions

Gathering (7)
Prophet's Honesty and Credibility
( PBUH)
Prophet Muhammad ( ) was well-known among his people for honesty
before his Prophet hood, used to be called "Al-Ameen" which means
(Trustworthy). No one could be called Al-Ameen unless he obtains the
highest level of trustworthiness, sincerity and other highly manners.
Even his enemies could not oppose to this. Abu Jahl, despite of his hatred to
the Prophet and disbelief in him, he knows pretty well that he is honest,
that is why when he was asked by a man" Is Muhammad Honest or a liar?
Abu Jahl said to him: Oh man! I swore by Allah that he is honest and he
never told lies, but if Bani Qusai "a tribe" won the Leadership, Water
Supply to Pilgrims, minister ship and prophecy, then what is left for
Quraysh ?! (it means that is he against the Prophet out of pride".
Another example is Abu Sufyan. He was – before embracing Islam- among
those who hated the Prophet Muhammad most, but when he was asked by
Heraclius [about the Prophet ], Did you ever accused of lying before
saying what he has said?"
Abu Sufyan answered: "NO".
Then Heraclius said: I asked you if you ever accused him of lies before his
declaration, you answered "NO", then I knew that if he could not lie to you,
he would not lie about Allah.”
Also Khadijah "Prophet's wife" when the Prophet came back to her
shivering out of fear and saying to her after the revelation was reviled first
to him in the cave of Hiraa, "wrap me up " she said: "rejoice, Allah will
never disgrace you. You keep good relations with your Kith and kin, help
the poor and the destitute, serve your guests generously and assist the
deserving calamity-afflicted ones." [by Bukhari & Muslim].
Ibn Abbas Narrated: "When the Ayah (verse) "And warn your closest
kinsmen. Al-Shuara (214), Prophet Muhammad went out and climbed the
of hill of Al-Safa and shouted to attract their attention: they said: who is
this? They gathered around him. he addressed them by saying: "if I say to
you that an army is in the valley preparing to raid on you, would you believe
me? They replied: yes, we never tried you with lying. Then he said: "I am
here to warn you of a severe punishment" [by Bukhari & Muslim].
Prophet's honesty and integrity cause the polytheists confusion in judging
him. Once they would say he was a lying magician, then they would say he

is a poet and sometimes they say he is a clergyman and sometimes he is a
mad man. They also blamed each other on that because they knew that he
was free from all these ugly titles.
An-Nadr Ibn Al-Harith who severely harmed the Prophet said to Quraysh
: Oh Quraysh , by Allah, you have been afflicted by something you never
experienced before. Muhammad was, since his childhood, the most wise,
truthful and trustworthy among you young, but when you saw his grey hair
at his temples and said to you what he has just said, you said he is a
magician, I swore by Allah he is not, and you said: a clergyman, I swore by
Allah he is not. You also called him a poet and that he was mad.. then he
said: Oh Quraysh , look into this matter, by Allah you are going through
some unprecedented experience.
Prophet's honesty ( ) was the direct cause of Khadijah’s wish to be his wife
as he was in charge of her business in Al-Sham Area "Syria, Jordan and
Palestine", and she learned from her Servant, Maysarah, of the honesty of
the Prophet ( ).
Prophet's well known honesty even made the non-believers of Quraysh –
although- they disobey him, entrust him with their money and precious
things, and when he ( ) decided to immigrate to Medinah, he charged Ali
to return them to owners.
A prove of his honesty Quraysh polytheists – despite their disbelief of the
Prophet – they trusted him for their money which they put in his custody.
When the Prophet was allowed to immigrate to Medinah he left Ali
behind him in Makkah to handover these deposits to their owners.
The greatest trust implemented by the Prophet and fulfilled to the utmost
degree was the Wahi “the revelation” and the message that Allah charged to
him to convey to people. He completed his message with the utmost degree
and perfect way. He opposed the enemies of Allah with argument and
evidence, and by force when needed. Allah helped the Prophet conquer
lands and opened hearts of believers to his message, believed in him and
supported him until the word of Allah has prevailed and Islam spread
eastward and westward and the religion of Islam has entered every house
and hut. May Allah bestow his peace and blessings upon Prophet
Muhammad.

Gathering (8)
Prophets' Covenant & Good Omen of
Muhammad ( PBUH)
Allah said in the Quran:
"And (remember) when Allâh took the Covenant of the Prophets, saying:
"Take whatever I gave you from the Book and Hikmah (understanding of the
Laws of Allâh), and afterwards there will come to you a Messenger
(Muhammad (peace be upon him)) confirming what is with you; you must,
then, believe in him and help him." Allâh said: "Do you agree (to it) and
will you take up My Covenant (which I conclude with you)?" They said: "We
agree." He said: "Then bear witness; and I am with you among the
witnesses (for this)." (3:81-82)
Ali Ibn Abi Talib and his cousin Ibn Abbas said: "Allah never sent a
Prophet without committing him to believe in Muhammad and to support
him should he be sent during his lifetime; and that he should commit his
followers to do so if Prophet Muhammad is sent during their lifetime. Al-
Suddi Narrated similar text.
Allah quoted in the Quran Prophet Abraham’s supplication ( ) said:
"Our Lord! Send amongst them a Messenger of their own (and indeed Allâh
answered their invocation by sending Muhammad (peace be upon him))
who shall recite unto them Your Verses and instruct them in the Book (this
Qur'ân) and Al-Hikmah (full knowledge of the Islâmic laws and
jurisprudence or wisdom or Prophethood), and purify them. Verily! You are
the All-Mighty, the All-Wise." (2:129)
Ibn Katheer explained: "Allah mentions the completeness of the
invocation of Abraham to the people of Haram (Makkah Masjid) that
Allah send them a Messenger from among themselves (from Abraham’s
offspring. This invocation coincided with Allah's predestined will to send
Muhammad ( ) as a Messenger to the gentiles and to all other races of
mankind and Jinns as Imam Ahmad Narrated from Al-Irbad Ibn Sariyah that
Allah's Messenger said: "To Allah, I am the Seal of Prophets while Adam
was still formed of clay. I will inform you how it begins: the supplication of
my grandfather Abraham, Son of Mary's, Isa (Jesus Christ's) good news of
me and the dream which my mother saw, that is what Prophets' mothers see
in their dreams".
The Prophet's was always mentioned among people until the last Prophet
of Children of Israel, Isa explicitly mentioned Prophet Muhammad’s

name in his speech to the Children of Israel and said to them, as quoted in
the holy Quran:
"O children of Israel, indeed I am the Messenger of Allah to you confirming
what came before me of the Torah and bringing good tidings of a
Messenger to come after me, whose name is Ahmad.14
" (61:6)
This is why he said in this Hadith15
:
“the supplication of my grandfather Abraham, and Son of Mary's (Jesus
Christ's) good news of me..”16
As for the Prophet's excellent qualities and his high manners in the old
scriptures, are obvious from the Quran verses as Allah said:
"Those who follow the Messenger, the Prophet who can neither read nor
write (i.e. Muhammad (peace be upon him)) whom they find written with
them in the Taurât (Torah) (Deut, xviii, 15) and the Injeel (Gospel) (John
xiv, 16), - he commands them for Al-Ma'rûf (i.e. Islâmic Monotheism and all
that Islâm has ordained); and forbids them from Al-Munkar (i.e. disbelief,
polytheism of all kinds, and all that Islâm has forbidden); he allows them as
lawful At-Taiyibât ((i.e. all good and lawful) as regards things, deeds,
beliefs, persons, foods), and prohibits them as unlawful Al-Khabâ'ith (i.e. all
evil and unlawful as regards things, deeds, beliefs, persons, foods), he
releases them from their heavy burdens (of Allâh's Covenant), and from the
fetters (bindings) that were upon them" (7-157)"
Ata'ah Ibn Yasar Narrated: "I met Abdullah Ibn Amro Ibn Al-A'as and
said to him: "tell me how Prophet Muhammad was described in Torah?
He said: "Yes, I swore by Allah that he is described in Torah like he is in the
Quran "O Prophet (Muhammad (peace be upon him)! Verily, We have sent
you as witness, and a bearer of glad tidings, and a Warner, (33:45), and a
sanctuary for those who can neither read nor write. You are my Servant and
Messenger. I named you Al-Mutawakil (Dependent on me). You are not
rude or discourteous nor noisy in markets. You do not compensate a sin for
another, rather you are a forgiver, and that you shall not die before Allah
amends through you the altered religion until they say "La Ilaha Illa-
Allah”.17
Through him Allah will open blind eyes, deaf ears and closed
hearts. Narrated by Al-Bukhari
Al-Bayhaqi Narrated from Ibn Abbas who said: “Al-Jarud Ibn Abdullah
came and accepted Islam. He said to the Prophet : I swear by Allah who
sent you with the truth that I found your description in the Gospel and the
virgin’s son, Isa “the son of Mary” gave tidings of you.
14
Another name of prophet Muhammad
15
Hadith "Prophit's saying
16
Tafseer Ibn Katheer (1/243)
17
There is not God but Allah.

Abu Musa Al-Asha'ri Narrated that Al-Najashi “Negus said: "I bear
witness that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, and whose good tidings
were given by Jesus. If I were not in my position "as a king" and responsible
for my people, I would have traveled to him (Muhammad) and carry his
shoes. [Narrated by Abu Dawud]

Gathering (9)
Prophet of Mercy (1)
( PBUH)
Merciful to His Enemies:
The Prophet was a Mercy to all mankind. He was described by Allah as
such by saying:
“And We have sent you [O Muhammad] not but as a mercy for the 'Alamîn
(mankind, jinn and all that exists" (21:107)
And the Prophet said: "Indeed I was sent as a Mercy". (Narrated by
Muslim)
His mercy encompasses both believers and nonbelievers. when Al-Tofayl
Ibn Amr Al-Dousy gave up hope that his tribe would accept Islam, he went
to the Prophet and said: O Messenger of Allah! Douse (the name of his
tribe) disobeyed you, pray to Allah to punish them. Then the Prophet
faced Al-Qiblah (The Ka'aba which Muslims face when praying) and
raised his hands. His companions thought Douse would be destroyed for
sure if the Prophet asked Allah to do so, but he Prophet of Mercy said: "O
Allah, guide Douse to the truth and bring them to Islam". [by Bukhari &
Muslim].
So, the Prophet prayed for their guidance and not for their punishment. He
intents good for people and hoped for their progress and salvation.
The Prophet went to Taif (city near Makkah) to invite its tribes to Islam but
they met him with rudeness, disdain and ridicule and encouraged their fools
to stone him until blood drops out of his heels. ( ).
Ayshah May (Allah Be Pleased with her) Narrated what happened after that
by saying: I said to the Prophet ( ): 'Have you encountered a day harder
than the day of the battle) of Uhud?18
" The Prophet replied, "I suffered a lot
than that from your people, the worst of which, was the day of 'Aqaba when
I presented myself to Ibn 'Abd-Ya Lail Ibn 'Abd-Kulal and he did not
respond to my demand. So I departed, overwhelmed with excessive sorrow
and worries, and proceeded on, and was preoccupied till I found myself at
Qarn Ath-Tha’alib where I lifted my head towards the sky to see a cloud has
shaded me. I looked and found Gabriel ( ) in it. He called me saying,
'Allah has heard your people's saying to you, and what they have replied
back to you, Allah has sent the Angel of the Mountains to you so that you
may order him to do whatever you wish to these people.' The Angel of the
18
Name of battle.

Mountains called me and said, "O Muhammad! Indeed Allah has heard
what your people have said to you and how they respond to you. I am the
angel of the mountains and Allah sent me to you to order me whatever you
wish. What do wish? If you wish I could crush them between the two
mountains of Makkah”. The Prophet replied, "No, rather I hope that Allah
will bring out from their loins children who will worship Allah Alone and
without any other partners beside him." (Bukhari and Muslim).
This is the prophetic mercy that enables the Prophet forgets his bleeding
wounds and broken heart and remembers only how to do these people good
and bring them out of darkness to lightness and guide them to the straight
path.
After the Prophet conquered Makkah and entered the city with ten thousand
worriers, Allah gave him control and rule over those who harmed, and
expelled from Makkah, conspired to kill him, drove him out of his home
land (Makkah), killed his companions and tortured them to leave Islam.
One of the Prophet's companions said, after this great victory: "today is the
massacre day", but the Prophet said: "Today is the day of Mercy".
The Prophet then stood up for those defeated "the non-believers" gazing at
him with open eyes and trembling hearts out of fear, waiting to hear this
victorious leader's would do to them. They were accustomed to betrayal,
avenge and mutilation of Muslims killed in Uhud and other battles19
, but the
Prophet said to them:
"O people of Quraysh what do you think I would do to you?". They replied
“good!”. You are a bountiful brother begotten from a bountiful brother. The
Prophet replied: "you are free to go", they left as if they were retrieved
from graves.
Such complete forgiveness was a result of the great mercy in the Prophet’s
heart which was so great to encompass even his enemies who harmed him
and his companions most. Without such mercy, such forgiveness could not
have happened. The Prophet’s words were so true when he said: "I am a
bestowed Mercy" [Narrated by Al-Hakem].
19
They expected the same from the prophet.

Gathering (10)
Prophet of Mercy (2)
( PBUH)
Prophets Mercy towards Animals and Inanimate Things
We have mentioned that the prophetic mercy included not only the
monotheistic Muslims but also the non-believers. We can here ad that the
Prophet’s mercy went on to cover animals and even the non-organic
bodies". The Prophet said: "While a man was walking in a road, he felt
very thirsty, he found a well, descended, quenched his thirst and climbed up
again. There was a dog panting and licking the soil due to thirst. He said to
himself, "This dog is suffering the thirst I suffered from." So, he went down
the well again, filled his shoe with water, holding it with his mouth, climbed
up and gave it to the dog to drink. Allah thanked him for that deed and
forgave him.
Prophet’s companions then asked, “O Messenger of Allah, will we be
rewarded for being kind to animals? He replied: "Yes, there is a reward
in every living creature”. [by Bukhari & Muslim].
Based on this general rule " Yes, there is a reward in every living creature",
the Prophet had precedence over all associations and organizations caring
about animal rights and defending them. He preceded them hundreds of
years when he also said:
"a woman was tortured in hell because of a cat. She imprisoned it until it
died of starvation. She neither fed it nor freed it to feed itself". [by Bukhari
& Muslim].
By this, the Prophet meant to teach his companions how to treat animals
with kindness and lenity, and to show them that killing animals unlawfully
or cause their death could lead to torture in hell, may Allah protect us. This
is not known to man made rules which are applied today.
Prophet Muhammad also warned against killing animals for no reason by
saying: "Any person who killed a bird or bigger animal without right, will
be asked for this kill on the Day of Judgment”. The Prophet’s Companions
asked: O Messenger of Allah, what is its right?, the Prophet ( ) said: "it’s
right is to slaughter it fear eating it and not only cuts off its head and throw
it away". [Narrated by Al-Nasa’i]
Prophet Muhammad ordered Muslims to be kind when slaughtering
animals. He said: "Verily Allah has enjoined goodness in everything; so
when you kill, kill in a good way and when you slaughter, slaughter in a

good way. So every one of you should sharpen his knife, and let the
slaughtered animal die comfortably". [Narrated by Muslim]
A Muslim Scholar mentioned that some of the westerners accepted
embraced Islam when they heard about Islamic Teachings related to
slaughtering of animals. This shows the perfection of Islam in every aspect.
All praise be to Allah the almighty.
Prophet Muhammad also said: "Do not use any living thing as a target".
[Bukhari & Muslim].
He meant by this, not take any living animal as a target to shoot at as this
deed contradicts with the Mercy which should be part of a Muslim’s
qualities. The Prophet was against injustice and oppression practiced
even against animals and was one of his concerns. One day the Prophet
entered a garden owned by one of Al-Ansar20
in Medinah. There he found a
camel which upon seeing the Prophet, it moans and its eyes shed tears. The
Prophet walked towards it and stroked its head. It calmed down. Then the
Prophet said:
"who is the owner of this camel? a young man from Al-Ansar said: “I am, O
Messenger of Allah. The Prophet said to him: "can't you fear Allah in
dealing with this animal which Allah offered you? It complained to me that
you starve it and exhaust it in its work. [Narrated by Abu Dawud and
authenticated by Al Al-Bani]
Even animals had their share in the Prophet’s mercy. Al-Bukhari Narrated:
when the Menbar21
was built for the Prophet, the Palm Tree beside which he
used to deliver his preachment cried out like a baby. The Prophet
descended from the Menbar and hugged it while it was moaning like a
child. The Prophet then said: "it cried for what it was hearing of Allah's
mentioning".
Whenever Al-Hasan "Prophet's nephew" Narrated this Hadith and cries and
says: "O Muslims, that piece of wood22
missed the Messenger of Allah, and
you are more worth to do so23
.
20
Muslims in Medinah who welcomed the Prophet and his companions and supported
him.
21
Pulbit.
22
The Palm tree.
23
Fat’h Al Bari (6/602)

Gathering (11)
Prophet of Mercy’s Merits
( PBUH)
You should know that our Prophet’s Merits and Virtues are infinite,
including:
1- The fine qualities and good manners of Prophet Muhammad
for which Allah praised him in the Quran by saying:
"And verily, you (O Muhammad) are on an exalted standard of
character" (68-4).
The Prophet also said: "I have been sent to perfect good manners".
[Narrated by Attabarani]
2- Allah praised his mercy and sympathy towards his followers and
all mankind as Allah said in the Quran: "
“And We have sent you (O Muhammad (peace be upon him)) not
but as a mercy for the 'Alamîn (mankind, jinn and all that
exists)"(21: 107). And said: "… And He is Ever Most Merciful to
the believers. (33:43) And: "And by the Mercy of Allâh, you [O
Muhammad] were lenient with them. And had you been rude [in
speech] and harsh-hearted, they would have broken away from
you”. (3-159)
The Prophet also said: "I am a bestowed mercy". [Narrated by
Al-Ha'kim and authenticated by Al Al-Bani].
3- Allah took care of him since his birth. Allah said in the Quran:
"Did He not find you (O Muhammad (peace be upon him) an
orphan and gave you a refuge? ۞ And He found you unaware
(of the Qur'ân, its laws, and Prophet hood) and guided you? ۞
And He found you poor and made you rich (self-sufficient with
self-contentment) (6-8)
4- What was mentioned in the Quran about expanding24
the
Prophet's chest and Spreading his fame as Allah said in the
Quran: "Have We not opened your breast for you (O
Muhammad) ۞ And removed from you your burden ۞ Which
weighed down your back? ۞ And have We raised high your
fame?" (91: 1-4)
24
Accepting God's message.

5- "Being the seal of the Prophets as Allah said in the holey Quran:
"Muhammad is not the father of any of your men, but (he is) the
Messenger of Allah, and the Seal of the Prophets" (33:40)
The Prophet also said: "My example and the example of Allah's
Messengers before me is just like a man who wonderfully built a
house completely but one brick in one of its corners. People were
circling the house astonished with its beauty and say: can't you
put a brick here to complete your building? I’m that brick". [by
Bukhari & Muslim].
6- He was favored over other Prophets as he ( ) said: "I was
favored over other Prophets and Messengers in six things: I have
been given full, concise and comprehensive control of the
meaning of words, Supported by fear [my enemy fear me], full
control of words, granted victory by fear, gains are permitted to
me, earth was made for me as source of purity and Masjid, I was
sent to all mankind and Jinni's and I am the seal of the Prophets"
[Narrated by Muslim]
7- He is the most pious and most honorable among people as
evidenced by Prophet’s saying: “I am Muhammad Ibn Abdullah
Ibn Abdulmotallib!. Allah created creation and made me
among the best, then he divided them into two divisions and
placed me among the best of them. Then he divided them into
tribes and placed me in best tribe, then He made them into
houses (families) and created me among the best. So I am the
best of you in house and in myself". [Narrated by Ahmad, Abu Dawud
and authenticated by Al-Albani]
8- He is the owner of the trough "Hawdh" and the intercessor on
the Day of Judgment as He said: “I am your precedent at the
trough waiting for you. Some of you will be brought up before
me, but when I recognize them they will be taken away from. I
will say, O my Lord’ my companions! But there will be said to
me, ‘you do not know what they have innovated after your
death”. [Narrated by Bukhari]
The Prophet also said:
"Every Prophet had a supplication to make, and were accepted
by Allah. I saved my supplication to mediate for my Ummah
"followers" on the Day of Judgment" [by Bukhari & Muslim].
9- Prophet Muhammad will be the Leader of people on the Day of
Judgment as he said: "I will be the leader of the children of

Adam on the Day of Judgment, without pride. in my hand will be
the flag of thankfulness, without pride. No Prophet, Adam and
others, but will be under my leadership and I will be the first
intercessor and the first whose intercession is accepted, without
pride" Narrated by Ahmad, At-Tirmidhi and authenticated by Al-Albani.
10- He will be the first to enter Paradise on the Day of Judgment
as he said:
"I will the first to knock Paradise’s door. The Guard will ask
who is it? I will say: I am Muhammad’. The Guard will say: I
will stand up and open for you, I did not do it for anyone before
you and will not do for anyone after you" [Narrated by Muslim]
11- He is the best example for every human who hopes for Allah's
forgiveness, to enter Paradise and to be saved from hellfire.
Allah said in the holey Quran:
"Certainly you have in the Messenger of Allah an excellent
exemplar for him who hopes in Allah and the latter day and
remembers Allah much. " (33:21)
12- He was far above expressing his own inclinations. In fact, all
he said about his religion and Sharia were part of the revelation
and free of any falsification. Allah said in the Quran:
"Nor does he speak out of desire ۞ It is naught but revelation
that is revealed" (53:3-4)

Gathering (12)
His Birth, Breast Feeding and Allah's
Protection of Him
( PBUH)
Prophet Muhammad was born on Monday of the month of Rabee Al-
Awaal. It was said that His birth occurred on the second, eight, tenth and
twelfth of the month. Ibn Katheer said: "the correct news is He was born
in the “elephant year”. This was stated by Ibraheem Ibn Al-Mundhir, the
Sheikh of Al-Bukhari, and by Khaliefa Ibn Al-Khayyat and agreed by others.
Scholars of biography said: When Prophet’s mother Aminah became
pregnant with him, she said she he was not heavy, and when she gave birth
to him, light came out with him and lit between east and the west.
Ibn Asakir and Abu Nua’ym Narrated from Ibn Abbas : When the Prophet
was born, Abdul-Muttalib (his grandfather) made aqeeqah (slaughtered a
ram) and named him Muhammad. He was asked: “O Aabu Al-Harith, why
did you name him "Muhammad" and not named him after his ancestors? He
said: "I wanted him to be praised by Allah in the sky and by people on
earth."
His Father's Death
His father died when he was a fetus in his mother's womb. It was also
said it was few months after his birth, but the first news is more acceptable.
Breast Feeding
He was breastfed by Thuwayba, Abu Lahab's Servant for few days. Abu
Lahab freed her out of his joy for the birth of this new born baby. Then he
was sent to Bani Sa'ad to be breastfed by Halimah Al-Sa'adiyyah. He stayed
with Halima among Bani Sa’ad for about five years where the angles cut his
chest open, took out his heart, washed it and extracted the share of ego and
Satan therefrom. Then Allah filled it with light, wisdom, kindness and
mercy and they returned his heart to his chest .
Halima feared for this after this incident and returned him to his mother and
informed her of such incident, but did not arouse here fear.
Al-Sauhayli explained: “this purification happened twice”:
First: In his childhood to protect his heart from Satan’s deductions.

Second: When Allah willed to raise him to his divine presence lead the
angles of heavens in their prayer, therefore he was purified internally and
externally and his heart was filled with wisdom and belief.
His Mother's Death
When the Messenger of Allah reached the age of six, his mother,
accompanied by Um Ayman, took him to Medinah to visit the uncles of his
maternal grandfather, Bani Udai Ibn Al-Najjar. She stayed with them for a
month and died in Al-Abwa'a on her return journey to Makkah.
When the Messenger of Allah passed by Al-Abwa'a again during his
journey to Makkah in the year of conquest of Makkah, He asked Allah’s
permission to visit his mother's grave and he was permitted. He cried and
caused his companions to cry and said to them: "visit these graves because
they remind you of death". Narrated by Muslim.
After his mother’s death, Um Ayman took care of him, she was a Servant he
inherited from his father. His grandfather Abdul-Muttalib became his
guardian, but when he was eight years old, his grandfather Abdul-
Muttalib died after he gave him to his uncle Abu Talib to take care of him he
was the best guardian of him. When the Prophet was chosen by Allah to
receive the revelation, Abdul-Muttalib supported completely and defended
him although he did not believe in his message until his death. Because of
his support to the Prophet, Allah has lessened his punishment in hell as the
Prophet Muhammad ( ) said.

Allah Protected him from Paganism Tarnish
Allah has protected Prophet Muhammad since his childhood and
purified him from evil practices of the era of ignorance before the emerge of
Islam. Allah made idols hateful to him. He never worshiped or
dignified an idol or drink alcohols or joined the youths of Quraysh ill
manners. He was far away from any share and had noble morals and
actions. He was known among his people as “the honest” as noticed his
purity and truthful speech. They always accepted his judgments and
respected his opinions. This was clearly demonstrated in the story of the
black stone when he advised them to bring a mantle, put the stone in the
middle of it, and ordered the chiefs of the tribes to lift it up holding each of
the corners of the cloth. Then, he grabbed the stone by his own hand and
put it in its place. People’s anger calmed down and the imminent war
between them was avoided. By this people felt happy, anger quenched and
saved people from tribal war.

Gathering (13)
Prophet’s Marriage
( PBUH)
At the age of 25, Prophet Muhammad married Khadijah in her 40th
year
of age. This happened after the Prophet had travelled with her servant
Maysarah to Bilad Al-Sham "Syria & Palestine" to trade for her. During this
trip, Maysarah was impressed by the Prophet’s high qualities and honesty.
Upon their return to Makkah, Maysarah informed his mistress of his
observation about Muhammad. She proposed to him to marry her
accepted her proposal and married her.
Khadijah May Allah Be Pleased with her died three years before the
Prophet’s Hijrah to Medinah. The Prophet spent 25 years with her and
she was his only wife utnil she died at the age of sixty five. The Prophet
was 50 years old then. After her death, Prophet Muhammad married
several women for noble causes, refuting what a number of orientalists and
opponents’ claimed that Prophet was, in these, marriages driven by lust
and pleasure. How can this be true when He stayed with Khadijah - who
was 15 years older than him - for 25 years without marrying another woman
until she died, and after his youth and sexual desire had declined down? Had
the Prophet’s sexual desire and pleasure abated all these and then suddenly
catch in his 50th
year of age? This is illogical.
Many of the western scholars and intellectuals considered this allegation as
ridiculous. The Italian researcher, doctor Laura vicia Fa-Glery said:
Muhammad during his youth where his sexual drive was the highest and in
spite of living in such Arab society before Islam where marriage as a social
institution was almost absent or nonexistent, and where polygamy was the
basis and where divorce was so easy, yet Prophet Muhammad did not
marry another wife and more than once until after Khadijah died when he
was at the age of 50.
All Prophet’s subsequent marriages were for social or political reasons. He
intended to honor those pious women by marrying them on one hand, and to
strengthen his relations with some tribes and leaders on the other to pave the
way for Islam to spread out. With the exception Ayshah May Allah Be
Pleased with her, All the women that Prophet Muhammad married after
Khadijah were not virgins nor they were young. Does this mean that he was
lustful?
Prophet Muhammad was a man not a god. His marriages could also be
driven by his desire to have a son as all his sons born by Khadijah had died.
Without much sources of income, he took this burden of supporting a big

family and always extended fair treatment to all of them and never claimed
his right to separate from any of them.
He followed the example and practice of the former Prophets such as
Moses and others who seem to have not been objected to by their
followers for their polygamies. Could this be due to us not knowing the
details of their personal lives, while we know everything about the family
life of the Prophet Muhammad ( )?
His Wives ( )
After Khadijah’s death, He married Sawda Bint Zema'a, then Ayshah Bint
Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq who was the only virgin among his wives. Then He
married Hafsah Bint Umar Ibn Al-Khatab, then Zaynab Bint Khuzayma Ibn
Al-Harith, then Um Salamah, Hind Bint Omaya, then Zaynab Bint Jahsh,
then Juwayriyah Bint Al-Harith, then Um Habibah. After conquering
Khaibar he married Safiyah Bint Huyay then Maymounah Bint Al-Harith
and was the last woman he married. May All be pleased with all of them.

Gathering (14)
The Prophet and Women (1)
( PBUH)
Islam’s never stop accusing Islam of being unjust to women, oppressed
them, deprived them from their rights and considered them not more than
Servants and source of enjoyment for men.
This falsehood is refuted what has been authentically Narrated about the
Prophet's practices of honoring woman, respect them, accept their advice,
caring for them, being just to them and giving them all their rights which
exceed women’s utmost dream at that time.
Before Islam, Arabs - by nature – hated to have daughters and considered
them as a source of disgrace. Some Arabs were even known to have buried
their female children. The Quran pictured this by saying:
"And when the news of (the birth of) a female (child) is brought to any of
them, his face becomes dark, and he is filled with inward grief ۞ He hides
himself from the people because of the evil of that whereof he has been
informed. Shall he keep her with dishonor or bury her in the earth?
Certainly, evil is their decision" [16:58-59].
During the paganism era "before Islam", if a husband dies, his wife will be
inherited by his sons and relatives who could, if they want, marry her to one
of them or deprive her from getting married for her life. Islam negated this
practice by its just rules which ensure women and men rights alike.
Prophet Muhammad ( ) equaled between men and women in all aspects of
life by saying: "Women are sisters of men", (Narrated by Ahmad, Abu
Dawud and Al Termidhi). In Islam there is no conflict between men and
women as being pictured by infidels, it is rather brotherly relations and
cooperation between the two sexes.
The holey Quran stressed on equality of men and women in belief, work
and reward. Allah said in the holey Quran:
"Verily, the Muslims (those who submit to Allâh in Islâm) men and women,
the believers men and women (who believe in Islâmic Monotheism), the men
and the women who are obedient (to Allâh), the men and women who are
truthful (in their speech and deeds), the men and the women who are patient
(in performing all the duties which Allâh has ordered and in abstaining
from all that Allâh has forbidden), the men and the women who are humble
(before their Lord - Allâh), the men and the women who give Sadaqât (i.e.
Zakât, and alms), the men and the women who observe Sawm (fast) (the

obligatory fasting during the month of Ramadân, and the optional Nawâfil
fasting), the men and the women who guard their chastity (from illegal
sexual acts) and the men and the women who remember Allâh much with
their hearts and tongues Allâh has prepared for them forgiveness and a
great reward (i.e. Paradise). (33:35)
Allah also said:
"Whosoever does an evil deed, will not be requited except the like thereof;
and whosoever does a righteous deed, whether male or female and is a true
believer (in the Oneness of Allâh), such will enter Paradise, where they will
be provided therein (with all things in abundance) without limit." (40:40)
Prophet Muhammad demonstrated his love to woman by saying:" Out of
your world I love three things, women, perfume and my utmost love is the
Salat "prayers". )Narrated by Ahmad, Al-Nasa’I - authenticated by Al-
Albani). So if the Prophet loves women, how can he oppress them or
scorn them?
As Allah negated the custom of hating females and burying them alive,
the Prophet also annulled this ill practice of burying them alive and
encouraged raising them well and treating them nicely. He said: “Who he
brings up two females until they mature, he will come on the Day of
Judgment as this– brining his two fingers together". [Narrated by Muslim].
This is an indication of his high position and proximity to the Prophet ( )
just for having taken care of his female daughters until they are fully grown
up.
The Prophet also said: "who he has three daughters or three sisters, or
two daughters or two sisters and treated them well and feared Allah in his
treatment with them, paradise will be his reward". Narrated by Al-Termidhi
and authenticated by Al-Albani.
The Prophet was keen and concerned for educating women. He
assigned one day for them and asked them to gather so that he can come and
teach them what Allah has taught him. (Narrated by Muslim)
Prophet Muhammad ( ) did not consider women as prisoners in their
homes as non-believers claim, on the contrary, He allowed women to
leave their homes to satisfy their own needs, to visit their relatives, to visit
the sick and allowed them to trade in the market so long she keeps modesty
and wearing hijab "Islamic Costume". The Prophet also allowed women
to go to the Masjid and asked men not to prevent them from doing so by
saying:" Do not prevent women from going to Masjids". (Narrated by
Ahmad and Abu Dawud)

He urged for treating women kindly, saying:" Do good to Women". [by
Bukhari & Muslim]. This necessities good treatment, respect of their rights,
respect their feelings and avoid harming them in any way.

Gathering (15)
The Prophet and Women (2)
( PBUH)
The Prophet encouraged husbands to spend from their money on their
wives. The Prophet Said: “You (man) will never spend an outlay for the
sake of Allah without being rewarded by Allah almighty even on whatever
ever you feed to your wife”. [by Bukhari & Muslim].
Further, the Prophet considered expenditure on the ones family as one of the
best expenditures a man can do. The Prophet said: “The best Dinar
(currency) is the Dinar that man spends on his family”. (Narrated by
Muslim)
Prophet Muhammad also said: “If a man gives his wife a drink, he is
rewarded.” (Narrated by Ahmad and authenticated by Al-Albani)
When Al-Irbaadh Ibn Sariyah heard this Hadith, he hastened to the source
of water, brought some water to his wife and gave her to drink, and told her
about the Hadith he heard from the Messenger of Allah .
This is how the Prophet taught his companions to treat women nicely, to
be sympathetic to them, provide them will all the benefits they need, spend
on them the proper way.
The Prophet made it clear that good treatment of women is a sign of
nobility and generosity of man. The Prophet said: “The best of you is the
best to his wife”. (Narrated by Ahmad and Al-Termidhi).
He forbade hatred of one’s wife and said: “A male believer should not
hate a female believer (his wife) if he hates one trait of her and liked
another”) (Narrated by Muslim).
As such, the Prophet ordered men to look for the positive aspects and
praise them in their wives and neglect their negative aspects and mistakes,
since concentrating on mistakes and living with them for long spoils the life
of the husband and wife and make them dislike each other.
Prophet Muhammad prohibited beating women and said: “Do not beat the
male servants of Allah. (Narrated by Abu Dawud.) He warned those who
harm women by saying: “O Allah, care for the rights of the two vulnerable
one: the orphan and the woman.” (Narrated by Ahmad and Ibn Majah)
This means that he who oppresses these two categories will not be relieved
by Allah and will be vulnerable to punishment in this life and thereafter.

He also forbids men and women (husbands and wives) from disclosing
the secrets of each other. The Prophet said: “The most evil of men on the
Day of resurrection is the one sleeps with his wife and then spreads the
news” (Narrated by Muslim”)
The Prophet also honored women by forbidding husbands from
mistrusting or suspecting their wives and probing their mistakes. Jabir
reported: “The Messenger of Allah forbids men from surprising their
wives at night by coming home, suspecting betrayal or seeking mistakes.”
(Bukhari and Muslim)
As for the Messenger of Allah’s conduct with his wives, it was the most
sensitive and kind. Al-Aswad reported: “I asked Ayshah “Prophet’s wife”,
how the Prophet was (behavior) with his wives? She replied: “He practiced
what his wife does, meaning that he assisted them in their daily work at
home. But, when it is time for prayer, he would go for the prayer. (Al-
Bukhari).
He would appease his wives, pleases them with pleasant conversations
and sweet and compassionate words.
For example: When He said to Ayshah “I am a ware of your anger and
satisfaction”. She said: “How do you know that O Messenger of Allah?” He
Said:
“When you are content with me, you say, Yes, by the Lord of Muhammad”
But when you are angry with me you say, No, by the Lord of Abraham.”
She said: “Yes, by Allah, O Messenger of Allah ; I only abandon your
name. (Bukhari & Muslim), meaning that your love is firm in my heart and
will not change!
Prophet Muhammad never forgot his wife Khadijah even after he death.
Anas reported: “Whenever Prophet receives a gift, he would say:
“Give it to so-and-so, because she was a fiend of Khadijah. (Al-Tabarani)
This is how Prophet Muhammad honored and respected women. How
could those calling for liberation of women ever compare to this?

Gathering (16)
The Prophet’s Delegation and Invitation of
His People
( PBUH)
Prophet Muhammad was chosen for prophethhood at the age of Forty,
which is the age of complete manhood. The angel descended on him in the
cave of Hira’a on Monday, 17th
of Ramadan. When the revelation is
descended on him, it was dificult for him, his face changes and his forehead
sweats.
When the angle Gabriel decsended first on him, he said to him:
“Recite”. He replied: “I am not the one who can recite”. The angle then
embraced him hard until he was exausted and said: “Recite”, He said: “I
am not the one who can recite”. This action was repeated three times. Then
the angel said: “Recite in the name of your Lord who created (1) Created
man from a clinging substance. (2) Recite, and your Lord is the most
Generous (3) Who taught by the pen (4)Taught man that which he knew
not.” (96:1-5)
The Messenger of Allah returned to Khadijah trembling and told her
about what he had seen. She reassured him saying: Cheer up, by Allah,
Allah will never disgrace you. You keep ties with relatives, speak up the
truth, you help the weak, give the needy the needy, welcome and entertain
the guests and assist those afflicted by misfortune.”
Thereafter, she took him to her cousin, Waraqa Ibn Nawfal who
embraced Christianity in the pre-Islamic paganism time. He used to write
down the scripture in Hebrew. He had written part of the Gospel in Arabic –
as much as Allah willed him to write. He was old man who lost his sight.
Khadijah said to him, “O my cousin! Listen to what your nephew will
say. “Waraqah said, “O nephew what have you seen?” Prophet Muhammad
told him what he had seen. Waraqah said to him, “This is the angel that
Allah sent to Moses. I wish I am young and I wish I will witness the time
your people will drive you out (of Makkah). The Prophet asked, “will
they drive me out?”, “Yes” Waraqah replied, “No man came with what you
have brought up and not been opposed”. Should I be alive at that time, I will
strongly support you”. Waraqah died shortly after that.
Then, the revelation abated. The Messenger of Allah stayed as long as Allah
willed without experiencing anything related to the revelation. He was
depressed longing for the revelation to descend again.

Then the angel appeared to him sitting on a chair between heaven and earth.
He reassured him and informed him that he was truly the Messenger of
Allah. When the Prophet sees him, he was frightened and returned to
Khadijah saying “Wrap me up, cover me up”. Then, Allah revealed to him:
“O you who covers himself [with a garment], (1)Arise and warn (2)And
your Lord glorify (3)And your clothing purify” (74:1-5)
Allah ordered him in these verses to warn his people, invite them to
Allah, to golorify Allah and to purify himself from sins and misdeeds.
Prophet Muhammad prepared himself to carry out this mission, as he
knew for sure that he was the Messenger of Allah. He obeyed Allah to the
best of abilities, inviting everyone to Allah, the young ones and eldest, free
men and slaves, men and women, black ones and the white. From every
tribe, few people whom Allah willed their success in this life and hereafter
have answered the call. They accepted Islam willfully and strongly. But,
they were abused and tortured by the fool pagans of Makkah, and Allah
protected his Messenger through his Uncle, Abu Talib, who was honored
and obeyed by Quraysh. They feared harming his nephew Prophet
Muhammad since they knew how much he loved him. He was a follower
of their religion, which made them more patient with him and did not
openly show their hostility.
Ibn Al-Jawzi reported: Prophet Muhammad concealed his Da’wah
“invitation to Islam” for three years, then Allah ordered him to declare it.
Allah said in the Quran: “Then declare what you are commanded and turn
away from the polytheists.” (15:94)
He declared his Da’wah openly. But when Allah revealed to him the
verses “And warn, [O Muhammad], your closest kindred. (26:214). The
Messenger of Allah, went out, ascended the hill of Safa (near Ka’bah) and
shouted to “to attract their attention”. The asked, “Who is shouting?”,
Muhammad, they were told. They gathered around him. He said: “O people
of ..(mentioned the names of their tribes), O children of Abdu Manaf, O
children of Abdul Muttalib”, they assembled. Then he said: “you see if I
inform you that horsemen were down the valley behind this mountain ready
to attack you, would you believe me?”
They said: “Yes, you never lied to us”. Then he said: “I warn you of a
severe punishment to come”. His uncle, Abu Lahab said: “May you be
ruined! Is this what you have gathered us for?” and got up. Then Allah
revealed to his messenger:
“May the hands of Abu Lahab be ruined, and ruined is he.” (111:1) to the
end of the Surah. [Bukhari & Muslim].

Gathering (17)
His Patience for the Harm inflicted upon him
( PBUH)
The Prophet was deeply involved in Da’wah, followed the path of advice
and guidance. He invited people to worship Allah alone and
associating no partners with him. He called upon them to abandon the
practices of their ancestors of polytheism, idols worship and all abominable
acts and ill deeds. Only few of them believed in him while the majority did
not.
Although Allah had protected Prophet Muhammad and safguarded him
through his uncle, Abu Talib yet, the Prophet was harmed, abused and
heavily hampered. In the seventh year of his prophethood, Prophet
Muhammad , Abu Talib, the children of Bani Hashim and Bani Al-
Muttalib, Muslims and non-Muslims, resorted to the She’b25
except Abu
Lahab. When they entered the She’b, Quraysh decided to confine them
there, not to reach any settlements with them ever, boycotted them, deprived
them the right to trade and banned them from any aid until they handover
the Messenger of Allah to them to kill him. They wrote these terms of
injustice on a sheet and hung it inside the Ka’bah. After the Prophet
entered into the She’b , he ordered his companions to immigrate to
Abyssinia due to the increased abuse and oppression inflicted on by. This
was the second immigration. About eighty three men and eighteen women
immigrated. Some Yemeni Muslims joined them too.
He and others remained in the She’b for almost three years suffering
hardship and hunger. They were deprived any food except that was secretly
smuggled to them until hunger forced them to eat the leaves of the trees.
This continued until the tenth year of prophet hood, when few men of
Quraysh destroyed the Sheet putting an end to this confinement, and the
Prophet and others were able to leave the She’b.
This same year, Prophet’s wife, Khadijah, passed away. After two months,
his uncle, Abu Talib died. By his uncle’s death, Quraysh had better chance
to harm and abuse him more than ever. They increased their hatred and
fanaticism against him 26
.
Narrated in the Authentic Bukhari & Muslim book of Hadith, that the
Messenger of Allah was once praying near Ka’bah and Abu Jahl and
some of his friends were sitting nearby. In the previous day, a She Camel
was slaughtered. Abu Jahl said, who of you will bring the bowels of the she
25
“Low area between two mountains”.
26
See “babul Khayaar fi seeratul Mukhtar”.

camel and put it on Muhammad’s back while he is prostrating?” The most
wretched person ever got up, fetched the bowels and when the Prophet
prostrated, he put it between his shoulders. They laughed leaning on each
other. Then his daughter Fatimah, came and throw it away from the
Prophet’s shoulders and came forward swearing at them. When the Prophet
completed his prayers, he raised his voice supplicating against them
saying: “O Allah, punish Quraysh” three times. When they heard his voice,
they stopped laughing fearing his supplication. Then He said, “O Allah,
punish Abu Jahl Ibn Hisham, Utbah Ibn Rabi’ah, Shaybah Ibn Rabi’ah, Al-
Waleed Ibn Utbah, Umayyah Ibn Khalaf and Uqbah Ibn Abi Muayt”. Ibn
Masud said: “by Allah the one who sent Muhammad with the truth, I saw all
the men he named in his supplication dead on the day of Badr “the
Battle”), then they were dragged and thrown in the Qaleeb of Badr “a
Well”.
Al-Bukhari Narrated, once a time, Uqbah Ibn Abi Muayt grabbed Prophet
Muhammad by his shoulders, squeezed his clothing around his neck
strangling his severely. Then Abu Bakr came and pushed him away from
the Prophet “Do you kill a man who says Allah is my Lord”.
When harm inflicted on him got more severe, he went to Taif to invite
Thaqeef tribes to Islam. He was only faced with obduracy, mockery and
harm. They threw him with stones until his heals bled. He decided to return
to Makkah. On his way back to Makkah, and when he reached – Qarn
Atha’alib (place), he looked up to the sky and found a cloud shading him
and there was Gabriel sitting in the cloud and called for the Prophet
saying: “Indeed, Allah has heard what your people have said to you and how
they responded to you. Allah therefore has sent you the angle of the
mountains so you may order him to do whatever you like concerning them.
The angle of the mountains then called upon the Prophet saying: “Indeed,
Allah has heard what your people have said to you and how they responded
to you. I am the angle of the mountains, and Allah has sent me to you to
order me whatever you wish to do to them. If you wish, I would crush them
between the two mountains of Makkah. But the Messenger of Allah replied,
“No, rather I hope that Allah will bring out from their loins children who
will worship Allah Alone and without any other partners beside him."
(Bukhari and Muslim).”

Gathering (18)
Allah’s Protection of His Prophet
( PBUH)
Allah said in the Quran,
“O Messenger, announce that which has been revealed to you from your
Lord, and if you do not, then you have not conveyed His message. And Allah
will protect you from the people. Indeed, Allah does not guide the
disbelieving people.” (5:67)
Ibn Khatheer, explained: “It means that Allah is saying to his Messenger,
convey my message and I will protect you, support you and help you
conquer your enemies. Do not fear them and do not grieve. No one of them
will be able to harm you. Before this revelation, Prophet Muhammad
was guarded.
Example of how Allah protected his messenger. Abu Hurayrah , Narrated
that Abu Jahl said to his friends: “Does Muhammad cover his face with dirt
in your presence? Yes, they replied. Abu Jahl said: “By Allaat and Al
Uzzah27
, If I see him (Muhammad) prostrating, I will step on his neck (to
disgrace him), and I will rub his face in the dirt. He then came to the
Messenger of Allah while he was praying – alleged – to step on his neck. He
was only seen shielding his face with his hands and running towards them.
They asked: what happened? He replied, “between me and him was a pit
of fire, these people and wings!”.
The Prophet said: “Had he came closer to me, the angles would have cut
off his limbs one after the other” (by Muslim)
Ibn Abbas , Narrated: Abu Jahl said, If I see Muhammad praying near the
Ka’bah, I will step on his neck. When this was reported to Prophet
Muhammad, he said: “Had he done that, the angles would have seized him”.
(Narrated by Bukhari).
Jabir Ibn Abdullah reported that the Messenger of Allah fought in a
battle when an opening was seen in Muslim ranks. A man called Ghawrath
Ibn Al-Harith approached until he stood over the Messenger of Allah and
said to him, “who can save you from me? The Prophet said: Allah. The
sword fell from his hand and the Prophet took and to him: “who can save
you from me now?”. He said, be the best taker [of ransom]. The Prophet
said: “I bear witness that there is no god but Allah and that I am his
messenger”. Ghawrath replied, No, but I promise not to fight you nor will I
be with those fighting you.” The Prophet then set him free. Upon his return
27
Most revered idols of them.

he said, I come back to you from the place of the best man ever” Narrated
by Al-Ha’kim who authenticated it as saheeh)
Anas reported: there was a Christian man who accepted Islam. He used to
recite Surah Al-Baqarah and A’al Imran and write down for the Prophet .
He then reverted to Christianity and said: “Muhammad knew nothing but
what I wrote for him”. So Allah caused him die and was buried. Next
morning, he was found casted out of the grave. They said this is the deed of
Muhammad and his companions because he defected from Islam; they dug
him up from his grave. So, they dug deeper and buried him again. In the
morning they found him casted out of the grave again. They said this is the
deed of Muhammad and his companions because he defected from Islam;
they dug him up from his grave. So, they dug deeper and buried him again.
By morning, he was casted again from his grave. Then, they knew this was
not a human act and left him as such. (Narrated by Bukhari)
In addition, Allah saved his Prophet from being assassinated by
Quraysh who who planned for that by night. The had agreed to select a
strong young man from every tribe of Quraysh. Each will be provided with
a sharp sword and they should strike the Prophet all together, a strike of one
man and kill him. In this way, his blood will be shed by all tribes of
Quraysh and his clan, children of Abdu Manaf, cannot avenge against all
the Arabs. Gabriel , ordered by Allah , informed the Messenger of
Allah of the plot of the polytheists and not to sleep in his mattress that night
and that Allah has permitted him to immigrate.
Also, Allah protected his Messenger from the cunning of Surakah Ibn
Malik, on his Hijrah (immigration) journey to Medinah.
Allah also protected his Prophet in the cave – on the way to Medinah –
when his companion Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq said to him: O, Messenger of
Allah! If just one of them had looked to his feet, he could have seen us”.
The But the Prophet replied:
“O’ Abu Bakr, what do you think about two companions, Allah is
accompanying them?” (Al-Bukhari)
Ibn Khateer said, also “Allah protected his Messenger from the people
Makkah (the influential, the brave, the envious, the stubborn and the
wealthy) who opposed him with all they have of hatred and hostility and
were always at war with him, day and night. Allah protected his
Messenger by the great means that He the most knowledgabe the most
wise, the he created for this purpose. Allah protected him at the
beginning of the revelation throught his uncle, Abu Talib, who was
prominent and influential leader in Quraysh and in whose heart Allah has
created great natural not religious love for Muhammad the Messenger of
Allah . Had he (Abu Talib) accepted Islam, the people of Makkah could

have dared more against him, but since he remained a disbeliver like them,
the respected him and dared not to harm him.
After the death of Abu Talib, the Prophet was prejudiced slightly then
Allah employed Al-Ansar (Muslims of Medinah) who embracedd Islam
and promissed to support him and invited him to their homeland (Medinah).
When the Prophet arrived at Medinah the protected him against all
enemies who wanted to harm him, and whenever any of the polytheists,
Jews or Christians intended to harm him, Allah will revoke their
attempts28
.
28
Tafseer Ibn Khateer.

Gathering (19)
Loving The Prophet
( PBUH)
One of the essentials of the Islmaic faith is the love of the leader of
humanity, Prophet Muhammad . How could a Muslim not love him (the
Prophet) who guided him to faith and enlightenment, and he is the cause of
his saviour from atheism and hellfire.
““None of you will be a true believer until I am more beloved to him than
his children, his father and all mankind”. (Al-bukhari & Muslim)
In fact, the love of the Prophet should be greater than the love of oneself.
Umar Ibn Al-Khattab said to the him, “O Messenger of Allah! , you are
more beloved to me than everything except myself.” The Prophet replied,
“No, by the one in whose hand my soul rests – not until I am more beloved
to you than yourself.”
Then, Umar replied: “Now, by Allah you are more beloved to me than
myself. The Prophet replied, “Now, O Umar” [Narrated by Al-Bukhari],
meaning: Now you know and uttered what you should.
The love of the Prophet is claimed by everyone. It was claimed by the
disobedient, innovators of Bed’a, magicians and others. However, the matter
is not claiming this love, but rather the actual love. Among the
requirements of the Prophet’s love is the obedience to his orders,
avoidance of what he has prohibited, and to worship Allah alone as he
instructed not in accordance with innovations “Bed’a” and inclinations.
Therefore, the Prophet said: “All my Ummah will enter Paradise except
those who refuse.” His companions asked: “O Messenger of Allah, who
would refuse?” [Al-Bukhari & Muslim].
The love of the Prophet is not expressed by organizing celebrations on
the birthday of the Prophet, on on funeral ceremonies, or delevering
commendation poems conradicting with Sharia. Rather, the love of the
Prophet is expressed by following the His Sunnah, honoring his Sharia,
reviving his guidance, defend him and his Sunnah, believe in what he
said, dignify him, invoking blessings upon him whenever his name is
mentioned, avoidance of innovation in his Sharia, loving his companions
and defending them, acknowledge their high qualities, hatred of those who
oppose his Sunnah or his Sharia or those who disgrade its scholars and

narrators. Whoever contradicts with this is as far away from the love of the
Prophet as the extent of his violation.
For exmpale, the Prophet said: “He who innovates anything in thi smatter
(mission of Islam), it is null and rejected”. [Narrated by Al-Bukhari &
Muslim]
And he said: “Beware of newly invented matters, fore every innovated
matter (not from Islam), is an innovation (Bed’a)”. [Narrated by
AhlulSunnan]
Despite this warning against innovations in religion, some people are still
inventing things which are not part of the religions of Allah and like what
they invent. They even claim that this is part of their Love to the Prophet .
They might even falsify Hadiths and attribute them to the Prophet and
say: “We did not lie against him but rahter in his favor. This is part of the
worst falsification and misguidance, since Allah’s Sharia is complete and
need not their lies and falsifications.
Part of this falsificaiton, the Prophet prohibited insulting and degrading
his companions. He said:
“Do not insult my companions because, even if one of you should spend [as
charity] as big as the Mount Uhud in gold, it shall not equal in measure a
M’ud (scale 2/3 kg.) spent by any of them, not even half that measure”.
[Narrated by Al-Bukhari & Muslim]
Despite this Hadith, yet there are some people who still insult the Prophet’s
companions and curse Abu Bakr and Umar and accused the purified
Ayshah (Believers’ mother29
) of what Allah himself has declared her
innocent from it in his book30
. Yet, they claim this was out of their love to
the Prophet and in defence of his family.
Another example, is that Prophet Muhammad banned exaggeration in
praising him, by saying:
“Do not exaggerate in praising me as the Christians did to Isa “Son of
Mary”, I am only his servant. Just say, Allah’s Messenger and Servant”.
[Al-Bukahri]
Despite this clear inhibition, there are some people still who follow the
example of the Christians in praising the Prophet using descriptions which
only suit Allah , and the supplicate to him for Rizq ‘means of subsistance’,
for cure from diseases, saviour from calamities and so forth, which things
29
All Prophet’s wives are mothers of Muslims because they cannot marry them after
Prophet’s death ever.
30
The noble Quran.

should not be sought except from Allah alone. Then, they claim that hese
evidences for their love of the Prophet . The truth is, these are evidences
of ignorance, polytheism and disagreement if Allah and His Messenger’s
guidance.

Gathering (20)
The Biggest Signs of His Prophecy
( PBUH)
Among the greatest signs of our Prophet Muhammad’s prophecy is the
noble Quran, by which Allah has challenged the Arabs and Others – till
the Day of Resurrection – to compose something similar to. Allah said in
the Quran:
“And if you are in doubt about what We have sent down upon Our Servant
[Muhammad], then produce a surah the like thereof and call upon your
witnesses other than Allah, if you should be truthful.” (2:23) And said: “Or
do they say [about the Prophet], "He invented it?" Say, "Then bring forth a
surah like it and call upon [for assistance] whomever you can besides Allah,
if you should be truthful." (10:38)
Ibn Al-Jawzi said: the Quran is meracolous in many ways:
First: In its elequence and good style, conciseness and comprehensiveness.
A story might be Narrated in detail and then in a conscise form without
losing any of its meaning or substance.
Second: In its un-similarity to the phraseology and poetry measuring
techniques. By these two qualities of language, the Arabs were challenged
in the Quran and failed to compete with and acknowledged its superiorty in
its wording styles. Al-Waleed Ibn Al-Mugheerah admittedly said: “By Allah
it [the Quran] has sweetness and gracefulness.
Third: The news disclosed by the Quran about the preceding nations, and
biographies of the prophets known to the people of the book (Jews and
Chritians), althought the informer was illeterate, cannot read or write, nor he
was close to bishops or clergymen. In fact, the Arabs who could then read
and write and had met the sholars of the time, they did not know the news
stated in the Quran.
Fourth: Mentioning unkown future events which, when camse as a clear
evdidence that what the Quran had stated, proved to be true. As an example:
the Jews were informed:
“Say, [O Muhammad], "If the home of the Hereafter with Allah is for you
alone and not the [other] people, then wish for death, if you should be
truthful. (2:94)
Then Allah said:

“But they will never wish for it, ever, because of what their hands have put
forth. (2:95)
And He said: “.. then produce a surah the like thereof and call upon your
witnesses other than Allah, if you should be truthful. (2:23) Then He
said: “And you will never be able to. (2:24) They were not able to. And,
Allah said: “Say to those who disbelieve, You will be overcome” (3:12)
and they were overcome.
Allah also said: “...You will surely enter al-Masjid al-Haram, if Allah
wills, in safety.” (48:27) and they did enter in safety.
And He said about Abu Lahab: “He will [enter to] burn in a Fire of
[blazing] flame (3) And his wife [as well] - the carrier of firewood. (4)
Around her neck is a rope of [twisted] fiber. (5) (111:3-5)
This was a statement foretlling that he and his wife will die as disbelievers,
and that is what happened.
Fifth: the Quran is protected from inconsistency and contradiction. Allah
said: “If it had been from [any] other than Allah, they would have found
within it much contradiction. (4:82)
And Said: “Indeed, it is We who sent down the Qur'an and indeed, We will
be its guardian. (15:9)
Abu Hurayrah Narrated that Prophet Muhammad said: “There was no
prophet among the [former] prophets but was given signs for people to
believe in. I was given a revelation that Allah revealed to me, and I do
hope that I will be having the most followers on the Dary of Resurrection”.
[Al-Bukhari & Muslim]
Ibn Aqeel said: “Among the “Ija’z” miracles of the Quran, is that no one can
extract from it a verse which meaning was taken from ther previous words
while people are still learning from each other. As it was said, “Al-
Mutanabbi learned from Al-Bohtani.”
Ibn Al-Jawzi said, “I have extracted two asthonishing meanings.
One: That the prophets’ miracles died with them. So, if an atheist said
today, what prove you have that Muhammad and Moses were true
prophets? If he was told that, “the moon was split for prophet Muhammad
and the sea was split for Moses , he would say that is impossible.
Therefore, Allah made this Quran an everlasting miracle to Muhammad
to prove that he was true after his death, as well as that of the former
prophets since the Quran confirmed their message and informed people
about them.

The Second: the Quran informed the Jews and Christians that Muhammad
was described in their books the Torah and the Gospel. It also tistified to
the faith of Hatib and innocence of Ayshah. These were testimonies about
the unknown. If his description had not been found in the Torah and the
Gospel as the Quran mentioned, then these testimonies would have caused
repulsiveness against Islam, and had Ayshah and Hatib known about
themsevles other than what the Quran has stated about them, they would
have shunned the faith31
.
31
Al-Wafas in summary (267-273).

Gathering (21)
The Prophet’s Worship
( PBUH)
The Prophet used to worship Allah a lot inlcuding prayers, fasting,
thikr32
, and other types of prayers and worship. He performs and act of
worship, he would continue doing it regularly and maintains it. Ayshah
said: “Whenever he missed night prayers due to sickness or else, he
would pray twelve Rak’ahs in the next day. (Muslim”)
He never abandoned night prayers. He used to stand, while praying,
untill his feet were swollen. When he was asked about it, he “Would I
not be a gratefull servant”. (Al-Bukhari & Muslim)
Al-Huthayfah Ibn Al-Yaman said, “One night I prayed with the Prophet
. He began reciting the Surah Al-Baqarah33
. I thought he might he would
make Rukou’ “bow” after completing the first one hundred verses. He
continued. I thought he might compelete the Surah in one Raka’ah and
bows, but he continued. He started with the Surah Al-Nisa’a, he completed
it and started with A’al-Imran and completed it. He recited slowly with
contemplation. When he recited a verse praising Allah , he would stop
and praise Allah , and if he came to a verse of supplication, he would
supplicate, and if he recited a verse of punishment, he would seek refuge
in Allah then he bowed in the first Rukou uttering “subhana Rabbiya
Al-Atheem”34
His Ruku was almost as long as his standing, then He
raised his back35
saying “Sami’a Allahu liman hamidah, rabana’a walakah
alhamd36
” and stood for almost as long as his Ruku’. Then he prostrated
syaing, “Subhana rabbiya al-a’la’.” His prostration was almost as long as
his standing before prostration. (Narrated by Muslim).
He used to pray ten Raka’hs regularly when not travelling “Sunnah37
”:
two Raka’s before Dhuhr38
, two Raka’s therafter, two Raka’s after
Maghrib39
, two Raka’s after Isha40
and two Raka’s before Fajr41
. He abided
more strictly to the Sunnah of Fajr than any other voluntary prayer. He
never missed these two Raka’s and the Witr42
whether travelling or at
32
Thikr means “mentioning Allah’s names, praising and glorifying him .
33
Al Baqara, Aa’l Imran and Al Nisa’a are the longest in the Quran.
34
All praise be to Allah the almighty.
35
To standing status.
36
Allah hears who praise him.
37
Other than “Fardh” the obligatory prayers.
38
Noon prayer.
39
Sunset prayer.
40
About one to one and half hour after Maghrib.
41
Dawn prayer.
42
Odd number Raka’s (one, three, five or Seven) voluntary.

home. Never reported that he peformed any voluntary prayer during his
travels except these two Raka’s and the Witr. He would sometimes do
four Raka’s before Dhuhr prayer. Once he when doing night prayers
“Qiyam43
” kept reciting and repeating one single verse of the Quran until
Fajr.
He used to fast Mondays and Thursdays and “ said: “Deeds are
elevated to Allah44
on Mondays and Thursdays, and I would like my deeds
to be submitted while I am fasting”. (Al-Timidhi)
He used to fast three days of the lunar month. Mu’athah Al-Adawiyyah
reported that she asked Aisha , “Had the Prophet fasted three days
every month? Aisha replied, “Yes.” Then Mu’atha asked, which days?
Aisha said “It did not matter to him which part of the month he should
fast” [Muslim]
Ibn Abbas , Narrated: “The Messenger of Allah never failed to fast the
full-moon days (13th
, 14th
and 15th
) of the lunar month on travel or at home”
(Al-Nasa’i- hasan)
He used to fast Ashura’ai (the tenth of Muharam) and encourage people
to fast it. [al-Bukhari & Muslim]
Aisha said: “He never fasted any number of days in any other month
more than he did in Sha’baan. He used to fast all Shabaan, and was also
Narrated that he used to fast all Sha’baan but few days. [al-Bukhari &
Muslim]
And as for his Thikr , his tongue never stopped mentioning Allah the
allmighty. He used to mention Allah in all conditions. Whenever he v
completed his prayers, he used to ask Allah forgiveness three times and
says: “Allahuma Anta Assalam waminka assalam, tabarkta ya thal jallali
wal ikram45
” [Muslim] which means (O Allah, your are the peace and peace
comes from you. All praise be to you, the Owner of Majesty and Honour).
(Narrated by Muslim)
Whenever he finishes his prayers and utters the final salutation “salam” ,
he would say: “La Ilaaha illa’ah Illah Allah wahdahu la shareeka lahu,
lahu al-mulk, walahu al-hamd wahuwa ala’a kul shaiy’en qadeer.
Allahumma la’ maaniea lema a’atayt wa la mutiyah lema a’atayt lema
mana’at wala yanfa’u daljad minkaljad”. (Al-Bukhari & Muslim) which
means: “there is no god but Allah alone who is having no partners beside
him. Whatever is in the heavens and whatever is on the earth is exalting
Allah. To Him belongs dominion, and to Him belongs [all] praise, and He is
43
Voluntary night prayers (After Isha until Fajr time) better the latest prior to Fajr.
44
He [Allah] all knowing.
45
"O Allah, you are peace and of peace comes from you. All praise and honor be to you”

over all things competent. O Allah, there is no preventer of what you have
given, and there is no giver of what you have prevented” (Al-Bukhari &
Muslim)
During Ruku’ (bowing) and Sujud (prostration) he would say: “Subbohun
Quddosun Rabbulmakaekati war-rooh.” Meaning (All praise and glory to
Allah, the Lord of angels and the spirit46
). (Narrated by Muslim)
Anas Narrated the most frequent Do’a (supplication) of the Prophet
was “Rabbana a’atina fiddunyah hasanah wa-fi-la’akhirati hasanah wakina
athabannar.” (O’ our Lord, give us all good in this life and hereafter and
save us from hellfire”. (Al-Bukhari & Muslim)
He oftnely asked Allah forgiveness. Ibn Umar said: “We used to
count for the Prophet saying one hundred times in one gathering “Rabbi
eghfir li watub alai inakah anta attawabu-rrahim” (O my Lord, forgive me
and accept my repentence, you are the most forgiving the most merciful).
(Narrated by Abu Dawud and Attirmmithi who graded it as hasan-saheeh47
).
The Prophet prohibited going to the extremes in worship and warned
against regorism by saying: “Do whatever you can tolerate only, for Allah
would not get bordum until you do”. The best worship to him was that
which is persistent. (Al-Bukhari & Muslim).
46
The spirit is Gabriel.
47
Hasan-Saheeh (highest certification of Prophet’s hadith)

Gathering (22)
The Beginning of the Spread of Islam
( PBUH)
The Prophet went back to Makkah after the people of Taif had met him
with sarcasm and ridicule. He entered Makkah under the protection of Al-
Mutim Ibn Adiyy.
In the midst of this atmosphere which was charged with denial, siege and
oppression, Allah wanted to support His Messenger by honoring him
with the Israa’ and Mi’raaj journey. He disclosed to His Messenger
some of His great signs and proofs of His grandness and power to
strengthen him in encountering the disbelievers.
The Israa’: was the Prophet’s night journey from Al-Masjid Al-Haraam48
in
Makkah to Al-Masjid Al-Aqsa in Jerusalem and his return in the same night.
The Mi’raaj: is the Prophet’s ascending to the celestial world “the heavens”,
meeting Allah’s prophets and seeing the unseen world where the five daily
prayers “Salat” were imposed. This event has distinguished the true
believers from the unbelievers, since some of those who embraced Islam
had reverted, while some went to Abu Bakr Assideeq and said to him:
“Your friend claimed that he visited Jerusalem last night. Abu Bakr replied
by saying: did he say that? They said ‘Yes”, then Abu Bakr said: if he
said that, then he said the truth.” They enquired, do you believe the he went
to Jerusalem and came back before sun rise? He answered: ‘Yes’. Indeed
I believed in what was much further than that, I believed in the revelation he
that has come to him day and night. That is why Abu Bakr was called
Abu Bakr Al-Siddiq.
Quraysh people’s denial of what the Prophet has conveyed to them and
preventing him from conveying the message made him turn to other Arab
tribes. After He returned from Taif, he started to offering his message to
Arab tribes during their pilgrimage to Makkah, He would explain Islam
to them and seek their support and protection to be able to convey the words
of Allah . Some of whom responded badly and others nicely. The worst
responses came from Bani Hanifah, Musaylimah the liar’s tribe.
Among those whom he offered him message to, was a group of Arabs
from Aws tribe from Yathrib.49
When He spoke to them, they recognized
Him from the description made to him by the Jews and said among
48
The holy masjid in Makkah.
49
Later called Medinah.

themselves: “By Allah, he is the prophet described by the Jews who must
not follow him before we do”. Six of them embraced Islam on the spot and
Islam to spread in Medinah. Those six believers were: “As’ad Ibn Zurarah,
A’uf Ibn Al-Harith, Rafe’ Ibn Malik, Qutbah Ibn A’amir Ibn Hadeedah,
Oqbah Ibn A’amir and Sa’ad Ibn Al-Rabei.” They left after promising him
to come back next year.
In the following year which is twelfth of prophethood, the first “Bay’ah”,
pledge of allegiance, took place where twelve men, ten from Aws50
and two
from Al-Khazraj, five of whom were among the original six men believed in
him in the previous year when they met him, all the twelve men believed in
him at the Aqabah51
, and pledged to him to have faith and believe in him, to
abandon polytheism and sins, to do good, not to utter but the truth. Then,
they returned to Medinah where Islam, by Allah’s help, spread within every
home and the prophet was mentioned in every single home.
In the year following the first Aqabah pledge, the thirteenth year of
prophethood, the second Aqabah pledge took place, where a delegation of
seventy men and two women came to Allah’s Messenger, accepted Islam
and pledged in Aqabah to obey him in the times of activity and laziness, to
spend for [Allah’s cause], in the times of ease and hardship, to order people
of what is right, and to forbid them from what is wrong and to stand up for
the cause of Allah without any fear of critics, and to support and protect
Him .
Then the prophet requested from them to appoint, from among themselves,
twelve men, including them, as leaders to their people. They elected nine
from Al-Khazraj and three from Aws. The prophet said to them, you are
my sponsors to your people as the disciples were to Jesus, son of Mary, and
I am the sponsor of my people”. Thereafter, they returned to Medinah and
Islam spread among the residents of Medinah may Allah be pleased with
them.
This was the basis of the Prohet’s blessed Hijrah to Medinah.
50
Aws and Khazraj are names of tribes.
51
Name of a place.

Gathering (23)
The Migration to Medinah
( PBUH)
When the persecution of the Prophet’s companions increased severely, He
permitted them to immigrate to Medinah. He was sure that his
message had spread in Medinah which was ready to receive the emigrants.
The believers began to immigrate in groups one after the other.
The Prophet , Abu Bakr and Ali remain in Makkah in addition to those
who were forcibly detained by Quraysh.
Quraysh knew that the prophet’s companions were going to a well-fortified
place and they feared the spread of Islam there, therefore the agreed to
assassinate Prophet Muhammad .
In the night they planned to assassinate Prophet Muhammad, Allah
informed his Messenger of what they were up to and ordered him to
immigrate and to join the immigrant believers and not to sleep in his bed
that night. As such, the Prophet asked Ali to sleep in his bed and to cover
himself with the Prophet’s garment and to return to people their rights and
properties they entrusted to the Prophet. Ali obeyed the Prophet and slept in
the Prophet’s bed while the swords were drawn up behind the door.
Then, the Messenger of Allah went out walking through those waiting to kill
him, but Allah blinded their eyes and Prophet threw soil on their heads
and went to the house of his friend Abu Bakr. They harried out during the
night.
The Prophet and Abu Bakr walked until they reached the cave of
Ghar Thawr and stayed in the cave until the search for them subsides.
Quraysh was at rage having known that their plan failed. They sent out
people to pursue the Prophet in all directions, and announced a reward of
100 she camels for he who brings back the Prophet or lead to him. Their
search brought them right to the mouth of the cave and stood at its opening,
but Allah turned their attention away from the cave and protected his
prophet. Abu Bakr said to him, “O Messenger of Allah, had any one of
them looked at his feet, they could have seen us”, the Prophet replied:
“What do you think of two of whom Allah is the third”. [Al-Bukhari]
After three nights, the guide they had hired arrived with two camels as
previously planned and they headed for Medinah.

On their way, they stopped by the tent of Um Ma’bad Al-Khuzaiyyah. She
was blessed by him in her she goat which was completely dry of milk. The
Prophet asked permission to milk the goat, then its udder was filled with
milk. The Prophet milked for her, for those accompanying him and for
himself, then he milked and filled the vessel and went on .
Then, Suraqah Ibn Malik heard that the Prophet headed for the seashore
route. He intended to win the reward offered by Quraysh, so he took his
bow and rode his horse and set our pursuing the Prophet. When he
approached them, the Prophet supplicated, then Suraqah horse’s hands
get caught in the soil, tumbled and fell. He realized that this was because of
the Prophet’s supplication and that the Prophet is protected. He requested
the Prophet to offer security, and he promised to mislead the pursuers. The
Prophet supplicated in his favor and his horse was released. He went back
and tried to deceive people about the direction the Prophet took.
The Ansar52
used to go out every day to the doorways of Medinah awaiting
the Prophet’s arrival and return to their homes when the weather gets too
hot. On Monday, 12th
of Rabi Al-Awwal of the thirteenth year of
prophethood, a caller shouted announcing the arrival of the Prophet , then
the cries of “Allahu Akbar” could be heard everywhere and everybody went
out to receive the Prophet .
He first settled in Quba53
and established Quba’ Masjid which was the first
Masjid to be built in Islam ever. After spending few days in Quba’, the
Prophet headed towards Medinah. On his way to Medinah, Jumu’ah
(Friday) prayer time became due, so the prophet led the prayers which
was the first Jumua’h praer ever. Thereafter, he entered Medinah from
the south and since then the city was and still called as “Prophet’s Medinah”
(the city of the Messenger). Joy and happiness spread through the city for
the arrival of the Prophet . The city became a secure home from which
Muslims could spread the message of Islam to the world.
52
Prophet’s hosts and supporters in Medinah.
53
A name of a place in Medinah

Gathering (24)
The Prophet’s Lifestyle
( PBUH)
The Prophet knew the reality of this life, its fragility and volatility.
Therefore, he lived in this life in poverty not in affluence. He suffered
hunger with patience in a day, and satiation with gratitude in the other.
The Prophet showed his Ummah the danger of temptation of this world
and submerging in its pleasures and delights. He said: “This life “world”
is green and beautiful and Allah is holding you responsible for what you
do in it. Beware of this life and beware of women as the first Fintah
“temptation” of the children of Israel was in women. [Narrated by Muslim]
The Prophet knew that this world is the home of homeless, and the
paradise of those do not have their share in the real Paradise. He would
say: “O’ Allah, there is no life but that in the Hereafter”. [Agreed on by
Bukhari and Muslim].
Therefore, He made the Hereafter his great concern and emptied his heart
of the this world’s concerns and therefore this world “Donyah” came to
Him in abundance but He avoided it saying “What do I need of this
world? I’m in this world like a rider who took a share under a tree then wen
on leaving it behind”. [Narrated by Al-Tirmidhi and said Hasan Saheeh”.
Amro Bin Al-Harith, the brother of Juwayriyah Bint Al-Harith the Prophet’s
wife said: “The Messenger of Allah did not leave behind on his death a
single dinar or dirham54
, nor did he leave a male of female slave or anything
else except his white mule that he used to ride, his sword and a land lot
which he left as charity for travellers.” [Al-Bukhari]
This is the heritage of the best of all creation “Prophet Muhammad ” that
he has left behind. He refused to be Messenger King and preferred to be
Messenger who is a slave of Allah. Abu Hurayrah , Narrated: The angel
Gabriel sat with the Prophet and looked to the sky and saw an angle
descending. Gabriel said to the Prophet: “This angle had never
descended since his creation before now.” When the angle descended, he
said to the Prophet: “ O’ Muhammad , your Lord sent me to you. Shall I
make you a king or a messenger? Gabriel said to the Prophet : “Be
humble before your Lord! He said: “No, rather a messenger and a
servant”. [Narrated by Ibn Hibban – graded by Al-Albani as saheeh]
54
Currencies.

As such, the Prophet’s life was based on modesty, asceticism and
chastity. Ayshah said: “The Messenger of Allah died leaving nothing in
my house that could be eaten by any creature except some barely on my
shelf which I had eaten from for a long time. I weighted it then it was
finished. [agreed on]
Umar Ibn Al-Khattab Narrated the mischeves that peopled faced in this
world saying: “I saw the Messenger of Allah suffering hunger all the day
and not finding even the worst quality of dates to fill his stomach with.”
[Narrated by Muslim]
Anas Ibn Malik Narrated: the Messenger of Allah said: “I was frightened
in the sake of Allah while no one had, and I was harmed in the sake of Allah
as no one had, and I had spent thirty days and nights with Bilal having
nothing to eat except what Bilal could hide under his armpit”55
.[ Narrated
by Al-Tirmidhi and said Hasan Saheeh]
Ibn Abbas Narrated: “The Messenger of Allah would spend many
consecutive nights finding nothing for his family to fed, and most of their
bread was made of barely.” [Narrated by Al-Tirmidhi and said Hasan
Saheeh]
Anas Ibn Malik Narrated: “the Prophet never ate at a table until he
died, and he never ate loaves of bread until he died”. [by Bukhari]
The Prophet used to sit and sleep on a straw mattress. Umar Ibn Al-
Khattab reported: “I came to the Prophet while he was lying on a straw
mat. I sat down. He was wearing a wrapper, nothing else on him, and the
straw left marks on his side . I noticed a handful of barely , close in
measurement to a Sa’a “measurement tool” , some seeds similar to lintels in
the room and a hanging skin, then tears fill off my eyes. He said: “What
makes you cry Ibn Al-Khattab?” I said: ‘O Prophet of Allah, how can I not
cry when this mat has left marks on your side, and I can see nothing on your
shelf except what I have seen? While Khosrow and Caesar live among fruits
and gardens. Look at you, you are Allah’s Prophet and his chosen one and
this is your shelf empty! He said: “O’ Ibn Al-Khattab, aren’t you happy
that we will have the Hereafter and the they have this world?” [Narrated by
Ibn Majah and graded by Al-Mundhiri as Saheeh”
55
Meaning too little .

Gathering (25)
Foundations to Build a State
( PBUH)
The Prophet entered Medinah welcomed by happiness and cordiality by
its people. No house of Al-Ansar “supporters in Medinah”, that the Prophet
passes but the owner of that house would take hold of the bridle of the
Prophet’s she camel and invited him to stay in his house, but the Prophet
apologized to all of them and said: “let go of her bridle. She is commanded
by Allah” she continued walking until she reached the place of his Masjid
where it sat down. She got up and walked for a distance then returned to
where it sat down first and sat down. The Prophet dismounted and stayed
with his maternal uncles, Bani Al-Najjar. He said: “which of our family’s
houses is the closest?”. Abu Ayyoub said, mine, O’ Messenger of Allah.
The Prophet stayed with Abu Ayyoub .
The first thing the Messenger of Allah upon his arrival to Medinah was
building his Masjid in the place where his she-camel has stat down. The
land was owned by two orphans from the Prophet had purchased it. He
participated in building the Masjid then he built his wives’ compartments
next to the Masjid. When the compartments were completed, He left Abu
Ayyoub’s house and moved to the compartments of his wives. He
established the Athan56
to assemble people at the prayer time.
Then, the Prophet established the bond of brotherhood between the
Muhajireen57
and the Ansar who were ninety men, half of whom were
Muhajireen and the other half were from the Al-Ansar. Such brotherhood
included support and each would inherit the other after his death in place of
kinship. This only lasted until the time of the battle of Badr when Allah
revealed:
“But those of [blood] relationship are more entitled [to inheritance] in the
decree of Allah. Indeed, Allah is Knowing of all things. (33:6)
So, the right of inheritance was restored to kinship only and no longer was
based on the bond of brotherhood.
The Prophet made peace with the Jews of Medinah under a written
agreement between the two sides. Their Rabbi and scholar Abdullah Ibn
Salam embraced Islam instantly, but their population insisted on
disbelieving in Him 58
.
56
Prayer call in Islam.
57
The Muslims immigrated with the Prophet to Medinah.
58
From Zad Al-Ma’ad “book”

Prophet Muhammad organized the relationship between the
Muhajireen59
, and the Al-Ansar60
and the Jews in Medinah. Some of the
Seerah (Prophet’s biography) mentioned that a covenant was made to this
end and stated some of its conditions:
 Believers from among the Muhajireen and the Al-ansar are one
nation (Umman) excluding others.
 Believers do not leave anyone needy among them, but rather they
would give him support.
 The faithful men shall stand against those among them who
oppresses others or seeks injustice, sinfulness, aggression or
corruption among the believers. They shall all stand against him
even if he is the son of one of them.
 A believer shall not kill another believer as punishment for the
killing of an unbeliever, and shall not support an unbeliever against a
believer.
 The sanctuary given in the name of Allah applies to all. The most
humble Muslim may grant sanctuary to anyone on all Muslims’
behalf. Believers patron one another with the exclusion of the non-
believers.
 Whoever followed us from the Jews deserve shall have protection
and equality. They shall not be oppressed nor their enemies will be
helped against.
 Peace treaties made by Muslims are one. No Muslims shall have
peace while brother Muslims are fighting in the cause of Allah. They
must all abide by these agreements.
 All your differences must be referred to Allah and to his prophet
Muhammad .
 The Jews of Bani Auf, are a community taking the side of the
Believers. The Jews have their religion and the Muslims have their
religion, supporters and themselves except whoever wrongs himself
and sins, for he only harms himself his members of household.
 The retinues of the Jews are like themselves. None will go out (of
Medinah) without the Prophet’s permission .
 The neighbor is protected like oneself. Not harmed and not doing
harm to others.
 A woman shall not be granted sanctuary without her custodian’s
consent.
These are some of the provisions of the mutual agreement which
founded and organized the coexistence between the groups and
communities living side by side in Medinah and defined the features of
59
Believers immigrated from Makkah to Medinah.
60
Original residents of Medinah who embraced Islam and welcomed the Prophet and his
immigrating companions.

the Islamic Ummah which encompasses all Muslims and the Islamic
state which was then the city of Medinah. It attributed the highest
referential to Allah and to his Messenger the prophet especially in the
event of disputes and disagreements.
This agreement also established freedom of belief, worship and security
for every person. It confirmed justice and equality among all.
Any persons who thinks deep about the provisions of this covenant, he
would discover in them many civilized and well developed principles
which are presently called for by the advocates of human rights around
the world. Prophet Muhammad was the first ever who outlined these
rights and systemized its rules according to the Islamic sharia’ as stated
in the Quran and in the Prophet’s Sunnah. This Islamic applied system
of human rights is the clear contrast between what the international
organization claim it to be human rights, but they are in fact impiety,
oppression and violation to human dignity, while favoring some groups
of people over the other.

Gathering (26)
The Prophet’s Courage
( PBUH)
The Prophet was the most courageous among people of his time. This
is evidenced by him standing by himself against all the unbelievers,
calling for Tawheed61
fidelity of worship to Allah . All unbelievers
opposed him, united and waged war against him. They severely harmed
him and repeatedly plotted to kill him but he never feared them,
rather he became more persistent in his Da’wah62
and more clinking to
the truth that came to him. In this respect, he challenged the tyrants of
the earth and defiantly declared:
“By Allah, should they place the sun in my right hand and the moon in
my left hand for me to abandon this message, I will not do so until Allah
the almighty make it successful (dominant) or I die for that”.
Anas Ibn Malik said: the Messenger of Allah was the best of people,
the most generous among all and the most courageous of them. The
people of Medinah were alarmed one night and therefore some of the
inhabitants went out to verify the situation finding out that the
Messenger of Allah had already investigated the sound and returned
back riding unsaddled horse belonging to Abu Talha with his sword
tied to his neck. He said to them: “Fear not, fear not”. [agreed upon].
Al-Nawawi commented: “This act evidences His courage having left
hastily to meet a possible enemy before anybody else. He had
investigated the issue and returned back to Medinah even before the
others arrive to the place of sound.
Jabir reported: “We were digging on the day of the battle of the trench
[to defend Medinah] when a hard boulder was exposed. They came to
the Prophet and said: “a hard boulder is exposed to us in the trench”.
He said: “I’m coming down”. He got up [with a stone tightened to his
stomach [out of hunger], we spend three days eating nothing. The
Prophet took the axe and hit the boulder making it soft sand pouring
down. [Narrated by Al-Bukhari] meaning that this hard rock which the
companions of the prophet could not break turned into soft sand pouring
down due to the strength of the Prophet’s hit . This is an evidence of
how strong He was.
61
Tawheed: “the Oneness of Allah”.
62
Preaching to Islam.

He possessed courage, fearlessness and firmness in the face terrifying
situations which is so high that no other person has come close to it.
Only Allah who gave it to him knows its extent.
That is why the Prophet participated in all the battles of his life which
was full of struggle with the unbelievers. He never been reported as
having though of staying behind from where he should be even for the
slightest distance. This made all his companions love and admire him
. He was the leader who was instantly obeyed by the young and old,
not only because He was the Messenger of Allah, but because of what
they have known of his courage which, if compared to their own
courage, theirs will be insignificant though they have heroes of
legendary bravery.
Ali Ibn Abi Talib said: “Whenever the battle becomes fierce and the
parties meet each other, we would take refuge to the Prophet , and
none of us would be closer to the enemy than Him . [Narrated by
Ahmad and Al-Nasa’i]
Ali also reported: “On the day of Badr battle, we took refuge to the
Prophet who was nearest, among us, to the enemy and the most
courageous of the people. [Narrated by Ahmad]
During the battle of Uhud, the damned Ubayy Ibn Khalaf, approached
riding his house to kill the Prophet saying: “O’ Muhammad! May I
not escape if you do!”. Muslims said: O’ Messenger of Allah! Should
one of us attack him? the Prophet replied “leave him”. When Ubayy
came nearer, the Messenger of Allah took the spear from Al-Hairth Ibn
Al-Simmah and shook it strongly making his companions disperse
from around him. Then He faced him and struck him with the spear in
his neck tumbling him off his horse. He returned to Quraysh saying,
“Muhammad has killed me”. They said, “you are ok”. He said, “if it had
struck all the people, it would have killed them all. Had no he said
[meaning the Prophet ], I will kill you? By Allah, had he spat on me,
he would have killed me. Ubbayy died on his way back to Makkah.
During the battle of Hunayn, the Muslims fled a way when Hawazin
surprised them with a barrage of arrows, but the Prophet stood firm in
the face of the enemy saying:
“I am the Prophet, no lie. I am the son of Abdul-Muttalib”.
O’ Allah, bestow your peace and blessings on your beloved Prophet
and make us accompany him in Paradise and drink from his noble hand
a drink which thereafter we never feel thirsty.

Gathering (27)
The Great Battle of Badr
( PBUH)
During the month of Ramadan of the Second year after the Hijrah63
, the
great battle of Badr happened. The reason behind this battle is that the
Prophet with three hundred and thirteen men to intercept a large
caravan of Quraysh which was coming back from Sham64
. Abu Sufyan
, the leader of this caravan was extremely alert, and he asked
everyone he met about the movement of the Muslims. He was informed
that Muslims have left Medinah when he was near Badr65
, therefore he
directed his caravan towards the west taking the coastal route and
avoiding the dangerous route to Badr. Further, he sent a messenger to
the people of Makkah alerting them of the danger meeting their
properties and that Muslims had prepared to attack the caravan.
When Makkah people were informed, they took off to help Abu Sufyan
. None of their heads lagged behind except Abu Lahab. They also
summoned neighboring tribes and none of them remained behind except
the clan of Adiyy.
When this army reached Al-Juhfa, they knew that Abu Sufyan had
escaped unharmed and that he requested them to return to Makkah.
They intended to return but Abu Jahl, encouraged them to go on and
fight. Bani Zahra, who were three hundred men, returned to Makkah
while the remaining one thousand men continued their march. They
camped outside Badr in an open area behind the mountains surrounding
the town of Badr.
The Messenger of Allah sought advice from his companions who
showed firmness and willingness to fight and sacrifice themselves for
the cause of Allah . This pleased the Prophet and said: “Proceed
and have good tidings for Allah has promised me one of the two
parties.66
By Allah, as if I am looking now at the peoples’ death.”
The Prophet proceeded and camped close to the nearer side of Badr.
Al-Hubab Ibn Al-Mundhir advised the Prophet to advance and
camp at the well nearest to the enemy so that Muslims would collect
water in reservoirs for themselves and demolish the other wells so that
63
Prophet and his companions’ immigration to Medinah.
64
Jordan, Syria and Palestine.
65
Town.
66
The caravan or the army.

the enemy would have no water. The Prophet did what Al-Hubab’s
advised him to do.
The Prophet spent the night, Friday night – the eve of Badr – the 17th
of Ramadan, praying, weeping and supplicating to Allah to support
him against his enemy.
In the book of Al-Musnad, Ali Ibn Abi Talib said: “I saw that
everyone of us was asleep except the Messenger of Allah who was
standing under the tree, praying and weeping until the time of the dawn.
(By Ahmad)
Also in the book of Al-Musnad, Ali Ibn Abi Talib said: “We had a
shower of rain [on the eve of Badr] and we sought cover under trees and
leather shields, while the Messenger of Allah spend the night praying
and supplicating to Allah and saying: “if this small party is killed, you
will never be worshipped”. When the dawn has broken, the Prophet
called: “Prayer, O’ servants of Allah”. They gathered from under the
trees and shields. The Messenger of Allah led the prayer, and then
encouraged us to fight. (by Ahmad)
Allah supported his Prophet and the believers with victory and
soldiers of his own. He said in the Quran “[Remember] when you
asked help of your Lord, and He answered you, "Indeed, I will reinforce
you with a thousand from the angels, following one another (9) And
Allah made it not but good tidings and so that your hearts would be
assured thereby. And victory is not but from Allah. Indeed, Allah is
Exalted in Might and Wise” (8: 9-10).
And said: “And already had Allah given you victory at [the battle of]
Badr while you were few in number. Then fear Allah; perhaps you will
be grateful.” (3:123)
Allah also said: “And you did not kill them, but it was Allah who
killed them. And you threw not, [O Muhammad], when you threw, but it
was Allah who threw …”. (8:17)
The battle then started with swordplay. Hamzah67
killed Shaybah Ibn
Rabi’ah and Ali killed Al-Waleed Ibn Utbah. Utbah Ibn Rabi’ah was
injured from among the polytheists, and Ubaydah Ibn Al-Harith was
injured from among the Muslims.
Then, the battle began and the fight intensified. Allah reinforced the
Muslims’ army with groups of angles fighting to their sides and
encouraging them. It did not take long before the polytheists were
67
Prophet’s uncle.

defeated and fled away. Muslims pursued them, killing some and taking
others as prisoners of war. Seventy polytheists were killed including
Utbah, Shaybah, Al-Waleed Ibn Utbah, Umayyah Ibn Khalaf and his
son, Ali, Handalah Ibn Abi Sufyan and Abu Jahl Ibn Hisham and others.
Seventy others were of the polytheists were taken as prisoners. Among
the results of this battle of Badr is that Muslims proved to be strong and
they were feared in Medinah and the surroundings. Their confidence in
Allah was increased and they knew that Allah would grants victory to
his believing servants although they are minority against the polytheists
even if they were the majority. Also, the Muslims gained fighting skills
and expertise and learned new fighting and maneuvering techniques and
new methods of siege to deprive the enemy of its necessary means of
power to continue the fight.

Gathering (28)
The Battle of Uhud68
( PBUH)
In the month of Shawwal of the third year of Hijrah, the battle of Uhud
took place. After the killing of Quraysh’s noble people at the battle of
Badr and after suffering such calamity they had never practiced before,
Quraysh wanted to avenge over Muslims and restore their pride and
dignity. Abu Sufyan, started to entice people and rally them against the
Messenger of Allah and Muslims and raising troops. He gathered around
three thousand soldiers from Quraysh and their allies accompanies with
their women to prevent them from fleeing and urge them to stand and
fight form them. He marched to Medinah and camped near Mount Uhud.
The Messenger of Allah consulted his companions whether he should
go out and meet the enemy or stay in Medinah and wait for them? His
opinion was to stay in Medinah, fortify it and fight the enemy if they
entered the city. Some of the Prophet’s companions advised to meet the
enemy. So, the Messenger of Allah marched out of Medinah on Friday
with a thousand men of his companions. Somewhere in the midway
between Medinah and Uhud, the hypocrite Abdullah Ibn Ubayy
returned to Medinah with almost one third of the men saying: “to the
prophet”, do you oppose my opinion and obey others? The Messenger of
Allah continued his march and camped in the valley of Uhud. He
made the back of his army to mount Uhud ordering them not to fight
until he ordered them to do so. By Saturday morning, He was
prepared for the battle backed with seven hundred soldiers, fifty of
whom were on horses.
He appointed Abdullah Ibn Jubayr in command of fifty archers and
ordered them to stay in their posts and not leave them even if they see all
the Muslims being slaughtered. They were placed behind the army and
were ordered by the Prophet to shower the polytheists with their
arrows to prevent them from attacking Muslims from behind.
The battle began and victory was, in the early morning, side by side with
the Muslims who took advantage. The polytheists were defeated and
retreated to where their women where. When Muslim archers saw the
defeat of the polytheists, they left their positions where the Prophet
ordered them to stay no matter what. They said to each other, O’ people!
The prize of war. Their leader reminded them of the Prophet’s orders but
they did not listen to him, thinking that the polytheists would not return.

They went down collecting the spoils and left their positions leaving a
gap in the line of defense. The polytheists’ horsemen turned around and
found this gap in the line of defense and went through until they
surrounded the Muslims, of whom some were honored to be martyred
and the rest of them were scattered and the polytheists had access to and
surrounded the Messenger of Allah . They got him wounded in the
face, and they broke his tooth and smashed his helmet, hit him with
stones until he was wounded and fell in a hole of the wholes dug by
Abu Amir Al-Fasiq to trap Muslims. Ali took hold of his hand,
pulled him out and Talhah Ibn UbaydAllah hugged him to his lap.
Musa’ab Ibn Umayr was killed defending him from the front. He pushed
the flag to Ali Ibn Abi Talib and two iron rings of his helmet went
deep into his cheek and were pulled out by Abu Ubaydah Ibn Al-Jarrah
using his teeth. Malik Ibn Sinan , the father of Abu Sa’eed Al-
Khudri , sucked out the Prophet’s blood by his mount, to clean the
prophet’s cheek.
The polytheists surrounded him willing to do what Allah has not
willed and prevented them from. About ten Muslim men protected the
Prophet with their own bodies until they were all killed, and Talhah
fought them until they retreated a way. Abu Dujanah shielded
him with his own back receiving all the arrows with his back and not
moving a bit. Qatadah Ibn Al-Nu’man was injured in his eye that day,
he came to the Prophet who pushed it back in its place with his hand
and was since then the best and sharpest of his eyes.
Then, Ibn Qami’ah shouted, “Muhammad has been killed”, which
affected many Muslims’ morals and fled away; but this was predestined
by Allah’s. Therefore, the Messenger of Allah went towards the
remaining Muslim army. The first of who to recognize the Prophet
under the helmet was Ka’ab Ibn Malik who shouted loudly, O’
Muslims, have good tidings, here is the Messenger of Allah . He
made a signal to him to keep quite. Then, the Muslims gathered around
the Prophet and hastened him back to the camp. Among them were
Abu Bakr , Umar , Ali , Al-Harith Ibn Al-SUmmah Al-Ansari
and others. When they had taken refuge to mount Uhud, the Messenger
of Allah saw Ubayy Ibn Khalaf riding his horse and heading towards
him to kill him. He hit Ubayy Ibn Khalaf with his spear which hit him
in the collarbone, tumbling him from his horse and fled a way defeated
to his people, and died on his way back to Makkah.
The Prophet washed away the blood from his face and prayed while
seated due to his wounds. Handhalah who, when hearing the call
had joined the army before taking bath having slept with his wife, was
killed and was bathed by the angles. The Muslims killed the man
holding the flag of the polytheists. Um Umarah, Nusaybah bint Ka’b al-
Maziniyaah, fought valiantly and was severely wounded by Amr Ibn

Qami’ah, who hit her with his sword. The number of Muslims killed in
this battle were above seventy, and twenty three from the polytheists.
Quraysh had badly mutilated the bodies of the Muslims, among whom
was Hamzah , Prophet’s uncle.

Gathering (29)
Lessons of the Battle of Uhud
( PBUH)
In his book, Zad Al-Ma’ad, Ibn Al Qayyim, may Allah have mercy on
him, mentioned many of the wisdoms and lessons learned from the
battle of Uhud, including:
First: The Believers learned the negative consequences of
disobedience of the Prophet , discourage and dispute among them and
that what has happened to them was a result of that. For Allah said in the
Quran: “And Allah had certainly fulfilled His promise to you when you
were killing the enemy by His permission until [the time] when you lost
courage and fell to disputing about the order [given by the Prophet] and
disobeyed after He had shown you that which you love. Among you are
some who desire this world, and among you are some who desire the
Hereafter. Then he turned you back from them [defeated] that He might
test you. And He has already forgiven you…”. (3:152)
Having experienced the consequences of their disobedience to the
Messenger of Allah , their weakness and their debate, they became
more careful and aware thereafter.
Second: Allah’s wisdom and Sunnah dictate that His messengers and
their followers should triumph one time and be defeated on the other,
but the outcome will be in their favor, because if they were always
victorious, believers and non-believers would follow them, and in this
case the believers would not be distinguished from the un-believers.
Third: Sincere believers were distinguished from hypocrites and
liars, for when Allah has granted Muslims victory over their enemies
on the day of Badr, and the news spread, some people entered Islam
expressing exactly the opposite of what they had hidden in their hearts.
As such, Allah’s wisdom necessitated that sincere servants of Allah
should undergo a test to distinguish between the true believer and the
hypocrite. In the battle of Badr, they hypocrites have explicitly
disclosed what they had concealed. So, the believers realized that they
had enemies from within and have prepared for them.
Fourth: Allah tested his servants and believers during misfortune
and during welfare, in what they like and dislike and during their
triumph and defeat. If they stood firm and obedient in their worship and
bondage to Allah, in what they like and dislike, they are the true servants
of Allah.

Fifth: If Allah had always given victory to his servants in every
event and made them victorious over their enemies every time ever, they
would become oppressive and disdainful. His servants could only be
kept pious and righteous by goring through good times and bad times,
and through hardship and happiness.
Sixth: when Allah afflicts his servants with victory, loss, setbacks and
defeat, they would feel humble and submit to Him therefore deserve
honor and victory from Him .
Seventh: Allah has prepared for his believing servants positions in
Paradise which they could have not deserved with their deeds but rather
by going through these trials and ordeals. He predestined them to
have these ordeals and tests to deserve those positions he prepared for
them.
Eighth: When human souls enjoy continuing health, victory and
wealth, they gain also oppression and love of this world. This becomes a
disease that diverts one’s soul from its journey to Allah and the
Hereafter. So, if Allah wills to honor this soul He predestine this
soul to undergo ordeals and hardships to work as treatment for that
disease. Therefore, such ordeals and difficulties would serve as
physician who offers the sick a bitter medicine, or cuts the painful
tissues from his body leaving him healthy. If He left this soul for its
wishes and inclinations, it would have been destroyed.
Ninth: Martyrdom in the sight of Allah is among the highest
positions He prepared for his servants. Martyrs are the most
privileged and closest, in position, to Allah . Nothing comes as second
in rank after the highest rank of belief (in the Prophet) “Al-siddeeqiyah”
except the rand of martyrdom “Shaha’dah.69
” There is no way to earn
this rank but through the circumstances leading to it such as being
overwhelmed by the enemies.
Tenth: When Allah wishes to destroy and exterminate his
enemies, He would provide them with the reasons that would
necessitate their destruction. Among the greatest of which that rank
after the unbelief in Him : their oppression, tyranny, intensiveness of
their abuse to his servants, rising wars against them and overpowering
them. This way, Allah would purify his servants from their sins and
mistakes, and in the meantime increases the causes of destruction of his
enemies.
69
To die in the sake of Allah.

Gathering (30)
Prophet’s Lenity with His 70
Ummah (1)
( PBUH)
The Prophet was so gentle with his Ummah. He was never given the
option to choose between two things but he chose the easiest. He
intended to their life easier and to warding them off uneasiness. He
said: “Allah did not send me as obstinate or oppressor, but rather a
teacher and facilitator”. [by Muslim]
And said: “Allah is kind and loves kindness, and confers on upon
kindness what he does not confer upon sevrity”. [by Abu Dawud, and
authenticated by Al-Albani]
And said: “Kindness is not to be found in anything but that it adds to its
beauty and it is not withdrawn from anything but it makes it defective”
Allah described his Prophet as having compassion and mercy.
Allah said in the holy Quran:
“There has certainly come to you a Messenger from among yourselves.
Grievous to him is what you suffer; [he is] concerned over you and to
the believers is kind and merciful. (9-128)
An example of the prophet’s mercy, a man came to the Messenger of
Allah and said: “I am doomed!
The Prophet asked: “what has doomed you?
The man said: “I made love to my wife during [daylight71
] of
Ramadan.”
The Prophet enquired: “Do you have any slave to set free?72
”
The man said: “No”
The Prophet asked: “Can you fast two consecutive months?”
70
People, followers, nation.
71
A Muslim fasts from taking any food, drink .. and making sex.
72
Slavery was famous before Islam which came to free mankind from it. One of Islamic
penalties “as this one” necessitate first from the violator to free a slave, if not then other
penalties apply.

The Prophet asked: “Can you feed sixty needy?”
The reporter said: “then he sat down”. The Prophet brought him a
basket of dates and said: “Give this as charity”.
The man said: “for poorer than us? There is no household in Medinah
more needy than us”. The Prophet smiled until his teeth exposed, and
then said to the man: “Go feed it to your family”. [agreed upon]
See how much the Prophet was lenient with this man who sinned by
making love to his wife during the daylight of Ramadan. The Prophet
kept reducing the penalty in a gentle way from harder to lighter, until
finally he gave the dates to expiate his sin, even he allowed him to take
the dates and feed it to his family due to their poverty. How
compassionate and kind the Prophet was with this man.
Mu’awiyah Ibn Al-Hakam As-Sulami said: “while I was praying with
the Messenger of Allah , a man sneezed73
, then I said to him (May
Allah have mercy on you). The other people looked angrily at me. I said
to myself, I did something wrong! Then I said: “why are you looking at
me? They started slapping their thighs making me understood they
wanted me to be silent, and I kept quiet. When the Prophet completed
the prayer, and I have never seen before or since a teacher better than
im. By Allah, he did not reproached me, hit me or swore at me. He
only said:
“No speech of man is good for this prayer. It is only praising and
glorifying of Allah and reciting the Quran”. [ by Muslim]
An-Nawawi commented: “This shows the great character and highest
manners of the Prophet for which Allah has testified, and his
gentleness with the ignorant man, and how sympathetic with him he
was. He is our model of leniency to the uninformed person, how he
taught him gently and nicely and how he conveyed the correct ideas to
him.”
Another example of the Prophet’s compassion over his Ummah, it that
he prohibited people from continuing the fast without breaking the fast
at sun set, fearing that it might be forced on them.
Another example, is that when the Prophet led the night prayers
“Qiya’am” during Ramadan for three or more nights, many people
73
During the prayer.

started to assemble and therefore he did not show-up fearing that this
night prayer may be imposed on them.
Another example of his mercy for his Ummah, when He entered the
Masjid he found a rope extended between two pillars. He asked:
“what is this rope for?”. “It is for Zaynab, when she gets tired she
would hold to it” they replied. He said: “Untie it, let anyone pray
when he is able to, but if he gets tired, he may pray while seated”.
[agreed upon]

Gathering (31)
Prophet’s Lenity with His 74
Ummah (2)
( PBUH)
We are still talking about the Prophet’s leniency towards his Ummah .
Anas Ibn Malik reported: “while we were in the Masjid with the
Messenger of Allah , a Bedouin came in and urinated in the Masjid.
The companions of the Messenger of Allah said to him: “don’t, don’t do
that”
The Messenger of Allah said: “leave him alone, don’t interrupt him”
and so they did and he finished.
The Messenger of Allah called him and said to him: “these Masjids
are not for urination or dirty things, they are only for mentioning Allah
and for reciting the holy Quran.”
Then, He ordered someone to bring a bucket of water and pour it over
it. (Al-Bukhari & Muslim)
Another incident proving Muhammad the Prophet’s leniency with his
Ummah was when a young man came to the Prophet and said: “O’
Messenger of Allah, allow me to commit adultery!! The people
reproached him. The Prophet said to him: “come closer”, so he did.
The Prophet asked: “do you like it for your mother?”
The young man replied: “by Allah, No’. May Allah make me a
sacrifice for your sake.”
The Prophet said: “neither the people like it for their mothers; do you
like it for your daughter?”
The Prophet said: “neither the people like it for their daughters; do
you like it for your sister?”
The Prophet said: “neither the people like it for their sisters; do you
like it for your aunt?”
74
People, followers, nation.

The Prophet said: “neither the people like it for their aunts; do you
like it for your mother’s side aunt?”
The Prophet said: “neither the people like it for their maternal aunts.
Then the Prophet put his hands on the young man’s chest and said:
“O’ Allah, forgive his sins, purify his heart and maintain his chastity”.
The young man was never been attracted after that. [narrated by Ahmed]
By his gentle approach, the Prophet was able to capture the young
man’s heart and made him understand how offensive his request was.
This kind manner of the Prophet brought back this young man to his
good status and piety again.
Another example of the Prophet’s leniency with his Ummah is what
Ibn Abbas has narrated: “while the Prophet was delivering a
Khutba’75
, he saw a man standing. He enquired about him and He
was told that this is Abu Isra’eel who vowed to stand under the sun, not
to sit down, not to take a shade, not to talk and to fast. The Prophet
instructed them to order this man to: “talk, take a shade, sit down and
complete his fast for the day”. [narrated by Al-Bukhari]
Another example is obvious from what Abdullah Ibn Amr Ibn Al-A’as
reported. He said: The Prophet was informed that I said: “By Allah, I
will fast every day and pray “Qi’yam76
every nights all my life. The
Prohet said: “did you say that? I said it O’ Messenger of Allah, I
replied. He said:
“You are not able to do that. Fast and break fasting, take a sleep and
pray part of the night and fast three days of the lunar month. A good
deed is worth tenfold, that is similar to fasting all the time”.
In another narration he said: “Have I been told that you fast all day
and pray all night?” Yes, O Messenger of Allah I said! He said:
“don’t do that, fast and break your fasting, get some sleep and pray.
Your body has a right over you, your eyes have a right over you, your
spouse has a right over your guests have a right over you. It is enough
for you to fast three days of each lunar month for you will be rewarded
tenfold of each good deed. This is similar to fasting all your life”.
75
A speech delivered to Muslims before Juma’a “Friday” prayer.
76
Night prayer (voluntary)

Abdullah said, I brought it to myself. Then I asked: ‘O’ Messenger of
Allah, I am capable of doing more! The Prophet said: “fast as Allah’s
prophet Dawud did, not more”. I enquired, “How was Dawud’s fasting?
He said: “half of his life77
” After Abdullah grew old, he used to say,
“I wish I had accepted that concession granted to me by the Messenger
of Allah ”. [agreed upon]
77
To fast every other day.

Gathering (32)
The Battle of Al-Ahza’ab
( PBUH)
The battle of Al-Ahza’ab78
also known as the battle of Al-Khandaq79
took place in the month of Shawwal of the fifth year of Hijra according
the more correct of the two statements. The cause of this battle was, that
the Prophet has ousted the Jews of Bani An-Nadheer from Medinah in
the fourth year of Hijra for attempting to assassinate him . A group of
their noblemen went to Makkah inciting Quraysh to fight the Messenger
of Allah and promised to support them against him. Quraysh accepted
the offer and agreed to fight the Prophet . They also went to Ghatafan
and Bani Sulaym inciting them to fight the Prophet and they agreed as
well. Then they went out for all Arab tribes around Makkah calling
them to join the fight against the Messenger of Allah .
Quraysh went out with four thousand soldiers commanded by Abu
Sufyan equipped with three hundred (300) horses and one thousand five
hundred (1500) camels. Seven hundred soldiers of Bani Sulaym joined
them at Marr A’thahran and so did one Bani Asad and one thousand
from Fazarah, four hundred from Ashja’a and four hundred from Bani
Murrah. The total forces gathered in Al-Khandaq of Makkah tribes were
(10,000) ten thousand, the Al-Ahza’ab.
When the Messenger of Allah knew of their march, he consulted his
companions. Salman Al-Farisi suggested digging a trench to protect
Medinah from the enemies. The Messenger of Allah ordered the digging
and Muslims began excavating a long side with the Prophet himself
who also participated in the digging. The trench was dug in front of
mount Sal’. The Muslims put their backs to the mountain with the trench
between them and the unbelievers. The trench was accomplished in six
days so the Prophet and his companions, three thousand men, were
fortified by Sal’ in the back and the trench in the front. The Prophet
ordered that women and children be fortified inside Medinah fortress.
Huyay Ibn Akhtab went to Bani Quraythah, who had a peace treaty with
the Prophet , inciting them against the Prophet. They agreed and
breached their agreement with the Prophet and joint the fight against
the Messenger of Allah . The Muslims were distressed and hypocrisy
revealed itself. A group of Bani Haritha asked the Prophet’s to retreat
to Medinah saying: “Indeed, our houses are unprotected," while they
78
Confederate parties.
79
The Trench.

were not exposed. They did not intend except to flee. (13-33). Then Bani
Salamah were tempted to do the same, but Allah protected both
parties and gave steadfastness.
Al-Baraa’ Ibn A’zib narrated: “After the Prophet to dig the trench,
we encountered a huge hard rock that cannot be broken by pickaxes. We
complained to the Prophet who came over and when seeing the rock,
he threw a side his garment, took the axe and said: Bismillah”. He struck
the rock once breaking one third of the rock.
He said: “Allahu Akbar! I have been given the keys80
of Syria. By
Allah I can see its red palaces right now”. He struck the rock a second
time breaking the second third, and said:
“Allahu Akbar, I have been given the keys of Persia, and by Allah I can
see the white palace in Al-Mada’en”. He struch the rock the third
time saying “Bismillah”, He broke the remaining of the rock and said:
“Allah Akbar, I have been given the keys of Yemen, and by Allah I can
see Sana’s gates from this spot right now”.
The polytheists continued their siege to the Prophet and his
companions for a month with not fighting between the two parties due to
the trench by which Allah had protected Muslims.
Biographers of the Prophet reported: Fear intensified on the day
of Al-Ahza’ab battle, people were discouraged and were feared for their
children and properties. The polytheists searched for narrower part of
the trench where their horses could cross and few of them were able to
so. Among them was Amr Ibn Wudd, seventy years old, and called for a
duel, Ali Ibn Abi Talib accepted the challenge and killed him.
By morning time, the polytheists gathered a large battalion among
whom was Khalid Ibn Al-Waleed81
and fought till night. The
Messenger of Allah was not able to pray the Duhr or the Asr prayers due
to the fight and said: “they distracted us from the middle prayer82
May
Allah fill their houses and graves with fire”.
Then Allah brought up a matter which caused the enemy a setback
and broke their unity. Na’eem Ibn Mas’ud had secretly embraced Islam
and none of the polytheists or Jews knew that. He made use of it and
was able to deceive Quraysh and Bani Quraydhah and cause mistrust
between the two. Then, a strong wind blew over them and Abu Sufyan
said to his companions: “this is not a safe place for you to stay in.
Our camels and have died, Quraydhah have left us alone and we
80
Meaning to conquer.
81
Before embracing Islam.
82
Asr prayer.

suffered from the wind as you can see. So depart because I am
departing. On that day, 3 polytheists and six Muslims were killed.

Gathering (33)
Prophet’s Justice
( PBUH)
Islam came with absolute justice as stated in the holy Quran:
“Indeed, Allah orders justice and good conduct and giving to relatives
and forbids immorality and bad conduct and oppression. He admonishes
you that perhaps you will be reminded. (16:90)
And,
“…And do not let the hatred of a people prevent you from being just. Be
just; that is nearer to righteousness. And fear Allah; indeed, Allah is
acquainted with what you do. (5:8)
Among the general illustrations of the Prophet’s justice is that when an
influential woman from Bani Makhzum stole something, Quraysh was
concerned about her and sent a mediator to the Prophet to save her
from legal punishment. They said: “who can speak to the Messenger of
Allah on her behalf? Who would dare to do that other than Osama
Ibn Zayd, whom the Messenger of Allah likes? The woman was brought
to the Messenger of Allah and Osama spoke with him. The Messenger
of Allah’s face reddened (out of anger) and he said:
“Are you mediating in a punishment that Allah revealed?” then Osama
said: “Asked forgiveness for me, O’ Messenger of Allah”
In the evening, the Messenger of Allah stood up and delivered a
speech. He praised Allah as should be and then said: “The nations
before you were destroyed because, when a noble man steals, they leave
him, but when a humble man steals they subject him to punishment. By
the one in whose hand my soul lies, had Fatimah, Muhammad’s
daughter, stolen, I would have cut off her hand” (narrated by Al-
Bukhari & Muslim)
Such was the justice of the Prophet which did not distinguish between
high and low class people, rich and poor and between the ruler and the
ruled for all of them are equal in the right and justice balance.
Another example is that, An-Nu’man Ibn Basheer said: “My father
gave a gift, but my mother, Omarah Bint Rawahah said: I wouldn’t
accept that until the Messenger of Allah witnesses this gift. My father
went to the Messenger of Allah and said: “I gave my son from Omarah
Bin Rawahah a gift, but she ordered me to have you as a witness O’

Messenger of Allah. The Messenger of Allah said: “did you give all
your children the same?” No my father replied. Then the Prophet
said: “fear Allah and be just with all your children”. Basheer went back
and regained the gift. (Al-Bukhari & Muslim)
In another narration, He said: “do you have other children? He said,
Yes. He said: “have you given all of them the same”. No’ he replied.
The Prophet said: “I do not witness injustice” [agreed upon]
Dhul-Khuwaysirah At-Tamimi came to the while He was
distributing some properties. He said: “O’ Messenger of Allah, be just.
The Messenger of Allah said:
“Woe to you! Who would be just If I am not? I would have been
disappointed and gone astray if was not just” [agreed upon]
How can he be unjust and Allah has chosen and trusted him from
among all his creation to convey his message. Then, how can he be
unjust or inequitable? While He said: “equitable people will be seated
on pulpits of light, whose who are just in their judgments, among their
people and in performing their responsibilities they are accounted for” [
narrated by Muslim]
As for justice among his wives, the Prophet did it as it should be
done. He would be as fair as possible in dividing whatever is divisible
between them such as the house and expenditure, and treated them
equally whether at or travelling. He would spend one night with each
one of them and spend on each of them what is available in his had
equally. He built a chamber for each one of them. When travelling he
would cast a lot form them and would accompany the winner. He never
been negligent in any of that even during his latest illness before his
death, where he used to stay in the houses of his wives depending on
their turn to nurse him in his illness. When it became too difficult for
him to move from one house to another, and his wives knew he likes to
stay in Ayshah’s house, they permitted him to be nursed in Ayshah’s
house where he stayed unit his death . Despite this high standard of
complete justice with his wives, he used to apologize to Allah
saying:
“O Allah, this is my share of what I can control, and do not blame me
for what you control and I don’t”. [narrated by Abu Dawud and
Atarmidhi]
The Prophet warned against favoring one wife over the other and
said:
“He who has two wives and favored one over the other, he will come on
the Day of Resurrection with his side sloping” [narrated by Muslim]

Gathering (34)
The Jews’ Plots and Prophet’s Attitude
Towards Them
( PBUH)
We had mentioned that the Prophet sanctioned a peace treaty with the
Jews of Medinah who did not stay long before revoking it and retruning
back to their usual practice they were famous of: Disrespecting their
covenants and making plots and conspiracies.
Among the conspiracies of the Jews of Bani Qaynoqa’a is that they took
advantage of the Prophet’s engagement in the battle of Badr. Some of
them harassed a Muslim woman and exposed her body in front of people
in the marketplace. The woman screamed helplessly, then a Muslim
killed that Jew. The Jews then gathered and killed that Muslim. After
the Prophet returned from the battle of Badr, he summoned the Jews
to enquire about the evil incident that had taken place. They responded
harshly and returned to him the copy of the peace treaty they signed with
him and prepared to fight the Prophet . Therefore, the Prophet
besieged them. When they realized that they cannot stand against
Muslims, they asked the Prophet to allow them a safe exit with their
women and children in exchange of their properties. The Prophet
accepted that offer and evicted them from Medinah. Muslims gained
many weapons and other fighting equipment from their fortresses.
As for the Jews of Bani An-Nadheer, they also had revoked their peace
pact with the Prophet and attempted to assassinate him. In the fourth
year of Hijra, the Prophet went to them seeking their assistance in the
payment of blood money. Knowing of his journey to them, they were
sitting behind a wall as part of their plan to kill him by sending Amr
Ibn Jahha’sh over the wall and throw a millstone on the Prophet and
kill him. The Prophet received the news from heaven and left on his
way back to Medinah.
Thereafter, the Prophet punished them by forcing them out of
Medinah to Khaybar83
. They carried their properties on six hundred
camles, destroyed their houses by their own hands and left towards
Khaybar.
As for the Jews of Bani Quraydhah, we had mentioned earlier that they
revoked their treaty with the Prophet and allied with the polytheists
83
Despite of the Jews’ acts of treason, the Prophet did not kill them and allowed them
safe exit.

and the parties of Al-Ahza’ab to fight against the Messenger of Allah
in the battle of Al-Khandaq, the trench. So’ after Allah had defeated
and dispersed the allies and have had departed, the Prophet went out
heading to Bani Quraydah to punish them for what they did. He
besieged them and tightened the blockaded until they requested that the
Prophet accepts Sa’ad Ibn Mu’adh’s judgment about them. Sa’a
ruled out that their men who able to fight were to be killed, their women
and children will be taken as captive and their properties be confiscated
and divided. As such, their men were executed with the exception of
some men who were released. This was the punishment they Jews
brought to themselves by requesting that Sa’d Ibn Mu’adh be their judge
thinking that he would take their side due to their relations with his
tribe, Aus.
However, the Jews used to impose more severer punishment on their
captives. For in the Old Testament, Numbers (31/6-35) it says: “And
the children of Israel took as captives all the women and children of
Midian and all their cattle, flocks and properties, burned the cities,
houses and fortresses. Moses was angry and said unto them: “And
Moses said unto them, Have ye saved all the women alive? Now
therefore kill every male among the little ones, and kill every woman
that hath known man by lying with him. But all the women children, that
have not known a man by lying with him, keep alive for yourselves”.
“But indeed, Moses “peace be upon him” would never order such
massacre. Such brutal practice shows how the Jews had distorted the
Torah and this practice became their law applicable to their captives.

Gathering (35)
Why Fighting was legislated?
( PBUH)
The Prophet did not hold a sword chopping the heads of non-
believers and forcing them to embrace Islam, not at all. The holy Quran
is crystal clear in rejecting this principle. Allah said in the holy Quran:
“There shall be no compulsion in [acceptance of] the religion…(2:256)
and said: “….Then, [O Muhammad], would you compel the people in
order that they become believers? (10:99); and said “For you is your
religion, and for me is my religion." (109:6).
But, this does not mean that the Muslim state stands idle against internal
and external aggressions. Allah , has authorized the believers to
defend themselves, and to restore their rights in proportion to the in
justice made to them, but not more.
Allah said: "…If then any one transgresses the prohibition against
you, Transgress ye likewise against him. But fear Allah, and know that
Allah is with those who restrain themselves. (2:194)…" and said: " Fight
in the cause of Allah those who fight you, but do not transgress limits;
for Allah loveth not transgressors. (2:190)". and said: "…but if they
fight you, slay them…(2:191"
This shows that fighting in Islam is for self defense, to protect the
Ummah "Muslim nation" from internal and external aggressions and
conspiracies. If we study the history of armed conflicts in Islam, this fact
stands out clearly. When the Makkans' oppression increased, they
forced the Prophet to leave Makkah his homeland after having
plotted to kill him . It was they who began aggression against Muslims
by unfairly forced them out from their homes. After the Hijrah, Allah
permitted the emigrants to fight the polytheists of Quraysh, saying in
Sura Al-Haj: "permission is given (to fight), because they are wronged;-
and verily, Allah is most powerful for their aid;- (22:39). (They are)
those who have been expelled from their homes in defiance of right,- (for
no cause) except that they say, "our Lord is Allah….". As such, the
Prophet opposed only Quraysh and from among the Arabs.
But, when the Arab polytheists, beside the people of Makkah turned
against the Muslims and allied with their enemies, Allah ordered
them to fight all of the polytheists saying:
"…and fight the Pagans all together as they fight you all
together…(9:36)

As such, Jihad became general against all of the Pagans who had no
celestial scripture. This is evidencing the Prophet's saying:
"I have been commanded to fight the people until they say 'la Illaha Illah
Allah', there is no god who deserves worship but Allah, and if they do
say it, they protect their lives and properties from me except when they
deserve to be fought, and they will be held accountable for their deeds
by Allah". (Al-Bukhari and Muslim)
When Muslims found that they were betrayed by the Jews who revoke
their treaty with the Muslims and aided the polytheists against them,
Allah ordered the Muslims to fight them in Sura Al-Anfal:
"If you [have reason to] fear from a people betrayal, throw [their
treaty] back to them, [putting you] on equal terms. Indeed, Allah does
not like traitors. (8:58)".
Fighting the Jews became obligatory on Muslims until they submit and
pay the Jizyah84
so that Muslims fear not their aggression.
Similarly, the Prophet did not begin hostility against Christians.
Shaikh Al-Islam Ibn Taymiyyah narrated: He did not fight any
Christian until after he sent his messengers, following Al-Hudaybiyyah
treaty, to all the rulers inviting them to Islam. He sent messengers to
Caesar, Khosrau, Al-Muqawqas and An-Najashi and the Arab rulers in
the east and in north (Sham85
). Some of them accepted Islam, but the
Christians in Sham have killed some of their dignitaries in Maán86
. As
such, the Christians had first fought the Muslims and killed those who
embraced Islam out of aggression and injustice. To the contrary, the
Prophet had sent his messengers to invite people to Islam voluntarily
and not compulsorily. No one was forced to enter Islam.
Therefore, Allah's messenger fought the enemies based on the following
principles:
1. Considering the polytheists of Quraysh as worriers for having started
their assault against the Muslims.
2. Whenever the Jews betrayed Muslims and take the side of the
polytheists.
3. Whenever an Arab tribe transgressed against the Muslims and aided
the polytheists against them.
4. Whoever commits transgression against the Muslims from the Jews
or the Christians shall be fought until they accept Islam or pay the
Jizyah.
84
A tax to paid by them to the Muslim state.
85
Sham mans: Syria, Jordan and Palestine.
86
A city south of Amman, Jordan.

5. Whoever enters Islam has protected his own life and property unless
all his preceding acts will be forgiven.

Gathering (36)
The Treaty of Huddaybiyah
( PBUH)
In the sixth year, the Messenger of Allah announced his intent to
perform Umrah and went out with 1400 men, unarmed except with the
sheathed swords carried by travelers usually. He and his companions
drove with them their sacrifice animals. When Quraysh knew about their
march, they gathered fighters to hinder the Prophet from going into the
Al-Masjid Al-Haraam (Makkah Masjid).
The Prophet and his companions performed Salat Al-Khauf 87
and went
near to Makkah where his she camel named Al-Qaswa' knelt down and
rested. The companions said Al-Qaswa has become obstreperous.
Then, the Prophet said: "She has not become so, but she is prevented
by that had prevented the elephant. By Allah, whatever the people of
"Quraysh" ask me today that exalts the sanctity of Allah's religious rites,
I would give to them".
Then He urged his Camel and she got up. He drove back to
shallow water well in Hudaybiyyah. He pulled an arrow from his quiver
and thrust it into the well. The water then surged up until they could
coop out by their hands.
Budayl Ibn Waraqaa' al Kuuzaie went back and informed the people of
Quraysh of the Prophet's peaceful intent. Then they sent Urwah Ibn
Masud who was told similar. He also noticed who much the
Prophet's companions loved the Prophet and obeyed him. He then
went back and informed Quraysh of what he had seen and heard. Then
they sent a man from bani Kinanah called al-Hulays ibn Alqamah, and
then sent thereafter Mikraz Ibn Hafs. As he was talking to the
Messenger of Allah , Suhayl ibn Amr came. The Prophet :
"Your objective has become easier88
"
A peace treaty was drawn up between the two parties, though had the
Muslims have chosen to fight, they would have been victorious in that
battle, but they wanted to safeguard the sanctities of the Ka'aba
"Makkah Masjid" and the two parties reached a compromise on the
following:
87
A prayer formed by Muslims in the event of fear from the enemy.
88
The name Suhayl means in Arabic easy or lenient which makes people feel optimistic.

1. The truce period between the two parties will be for ten years.
2. Both parties should act peacefully with the other and do not launch
any hostilities against them.
3. The Prophet and his companions should return to Medinah
without performing Umrah this year on condition that he would be
allowed to enter Makkah next year.
4. Any Muslim man leaves Quraysh to join the Prophet must be
returned to Quraysh while any man leaving the Prophet to join
Quraysh must be allowed.
5. Save Quraysh people, whoever wanted to enter into the guardianship
of Prophet Muhammad is allowed to do so, and whoever wanted
to enter into Quraysh guardianship is allowed to do so.
Hudaybiyyah Treaty Results
Many of the Prophet's companions had opposed this treaty and considered
its provisions as unjust to Muslims, but as time passed away, they perceived
the positive results and effects of this treaty, including:
1. Quraysh's recognition of the Muslims state – for a covenant can only
be entered into by two equal parties. This had a good and positive
impact on the other tribes.
2. The Polytheists hearts were filled with fear from the Muslims, and
many of them became confident that Islam will triumph. This was
witnessed by a number of Quraysh's most feared and respected
leaders such as Khalid ibn Al-Waleed and Amr Ibn Al-Aás embracing
Islam.
3. This truce created an opportunity to introduce Islam and spread it
among the tribes which lead to many people from different tribes
embracing Islam.
4. Muslims have felt secured from Quraysh and diverted their full
power towards the Jews and other hostile tribes. Thus, the battle of
Khaybar took place right after the treaty of Hudaybiyyah.
5. The negotiations which led to the drawn up of the treaty had caused
the allies of Quraysh understand the Muslims' position and
sympathize with. For, when Al-Hulays ibn Alqamah heard the
Muslims reciting Talbiyah89
for Umrah he returned to Quraysh and
said: I have seen scarifies animals got prepared and marked,
therefore, we should not prohibit Muslims from entering the house
of Allah.
6. The truce of Hudaybiyyah enable the Prophet to prepare for the
battle of Mu'tah, which was a new step on the way to spread Islam
outside the Arab Peninsula.
7. Hudaybiyyah truce enabled the Prophet to send his messengers to
the rulers of Persia, Byzantines and Copts inviting them to Islam.
8. Hudaybiyyah truce lead to the conquest of Makkah.
89
Phrases in the form of Duaá "prayers" are only said during Hajj or Umrah.

Gathering (37)
Prophet's Faithfulness
( PBUH)
Islam is the religion of faithfulness and respect of promises, contracts
and covenants. Allah said in the Quran:
"O you who have believed, fulfill [all] contracts" (5:1).
And said:
"And fulfill [every] commitment"; Indeed, the commitment is ever [that
about which one will be] questioned" (17:34)
And he said: "Those who fulfill the covenant of Allah and do not
break the contract, (13:20)"
The Prophet said: "Whoever has a treaty between himself and a
people, then let him not violate the treaty nor try to change it until its
time has passed, or , in retribution for a similar offense." narrated by
[Narrated by Abu Dawud and At-Tarmidhi.]
When the two messengers of Musaylimah the Liar90
came to the Prophet
and expressed what they had to say, the Prophet said: "Were it not
that messengers are not killed, I would have cut off your heads". This
Prophets human attitude became part of his Sunnah to people that
messengers are not to be killed. [narrated by Abu Dawud]
Examples of the Prophet's compliance with the treaties with the non-
believers is his compliance to the Hudaybiyyah treaty and the truce he
drawn up accordingly with Quraysh's representative in the treaty, Suhail
ibn Amr . Among the treaty's provisions is that, any man coming from
Quraysh to join the Prophet, during this truce period, must be returned
to Quraysh even if he is a Muslim. While they were still in the process
of writing down the other clauses of the treaty, Abu Jandal , the son
of Suhail ibn Amr approached while bound in chains. He managed to
leave Makkah and reach the Muslims camp. Then Suhail said: This is
the first person I demand his return. The Prophet said: "we have not
completed the document yet". Then Suhail said: "I will not have
agreement with you ever". The Prophet then said: "Give him to me for a
consideration". "I will not", Suhail replied. The Prophet said: "yes, do
so". He said: "I will not do it". Then Abu Jandal shouted loudly: Oh
90
The false prophet. He pretended as being a prophet.

Muslims! Should I be returned to the polytheists to torture me to
renounce my religion after I came as a Muslim to you? The Messenger
of Allah told him:
The Messenger of Allah said to him:
"O Abu Jandal, be patient and expect reward. Allah will bring out for
you and those oppressed with you a relief and a way out. We have made
a peace treaty with the people and promised them and they promised us
on that in the name of Allah, so we shall not betray them." [Narrated by
Al-Bukhari].
Similarly, When Abu Baseer , from Thaqeef tribe and were allied with
Quraysh, had escaped and went to the Prophet . Quraysh sent two men
after him to bring him back and the Prophet returned him pursuant to
the terms of the treaty of Hudaybiyyah. This is a clear evidence of the
Prophet's full respect and compliance with the pacts and agreements
even though they appear to be unfair to Muslims.
Another example of the Prophet's adherence to the pacts made with the
non-believers, is what has been narrated by Al-Baraa' ibn Azib who
said: When the Prophet intended to perform Umrah, he requested
permission from the Makkans people who accepted that on one
conditions that He [and his companions] should only stay in Makkah
for three nights, enter the city with their swords sheathed and not to
invite the Makkans to Islam.
Al-Baraá said that when these clauses were being inscribed by Ali Ibn
Abi Talib" , he wrote: This is what has been agreed to by Muhammad
the Messenger of Allah. The people of Quraysh said: If we knew that
you were the messenger of Allah, we would have not prevented you
[from entering the city] and would have followed your steps. Rather,
right down as follows: This is what has been agreed to by Muhammad
ibn Abdullah.
He said: "By Allah, I am Muhammad ibn Abdullah, and by Allah, I
am the Messenger of Allah. He asked Ali to erase the phrase
"Messenger of Allah". Ali said: By Allah, I will never erase it." The
Prophet then asked Ali to show him the phrase91
. The Prophet erased
it by his own hand.
After the Prophet and his companions entered Makkah the three days
period lapsed, the Makkans came to Ali and requested that he asks the
Prophet to leave. Having informed the Prophet , He said: "yes"
and departed Makkah. [agreed upon]
91
Prophet Muhammad is illiterate.

This means that the Prophet Muhammad has satisfied his obligations to
Quraysh and left on time after the lapse of the three days period.
He warned his companions from treachery and breach of promise: "If a
man trusted another for this life and he kills him, I shall not be accountable
for the killer even if the victim is unbeliever". [Al-Hakim. graded as saheeh
by Al-albabi]
The Prophet said: "whenever people breach their treaty, bloodshed would
commence among themselves" [narrated by Al-Hakim]
The Prophet sought refuge in Allah against betrayal and said:
"I seek refuge in you from betrayal as it is the worst feature". [narrated by
Abu Dawud and an-Nessaei and graded as Hasan by Al-Albni".
The Prophet prohibited betrayal and infidelity by saying:
"There would be a flag for every perfidious person on the Day of Judgment
by which he will be recognized" [narrated by Al Bukhari and Muslim]
He made it clear that he does not break covenants or agreements by
saying:
"I do not break covenants]" [narrated by Ahmed and Abu Dawud and
graded as saheeh by Al-albank]

Gathering (38)
Conquest of Makkah
( PBUH)
It had been stated in Hudaybiyyah treaty that Kuza'ah allied with the
Messenger of Allah and Bakr had allied with Quraysh. A man from
Kuza'ah heard a man from Bakr reciting a defamatory poetry against
Prophet Muhammad , he then struck him causing him injury. The two
parties became hostile against each other, and the people of Bakr were
determined to fight Kuza'ah. The asked help from Quraysh who supplied
them with weapons, horses and camels to ride. A group of Quraysh fought
secretly at their side including: Sufyan ibn Umayyah, Ikramah ibn Abi Jahl
and Suhayl ibn Amr . Kuza'ah south refuge at the Haram92
of Makkah
but Bank Bakr did honor the sanctity of the Haram and fought them therein
killing more than twenty of them.
Thus, Quraysh had violated the peace treaty between them and the
Messenger of Allah by assisting Bani Bakr against Kuza'ah, the Prophet's
allies. When Kuza'ah informed the Prophet of what had happened, the
Prophet said: "I defend you as I defend myself".
Thereafter, Quraysh regretted what they had done but after it was too late.
They sent Abu Sufyan to the Prophet to renew Al Hudaybiyyah treaty
and extend its term. The Prophet ignored him and did not respond. He
sought assistance from some of the influential Prophet's companions to
intervene between him and the Messenger of Allah, but none of the accepted
to do so. Thus, Abu Sufyan returned to Makkah with failure.
Given that Quraysh had baselessly revoked its agreements with the
Muslims, the Prophet decided to conquer Makkah and teach unbelievers a
lesson, but he concealed this matter to be able to surprise the polytheists in
their territory. He sent messengers to the neighboring Arab tribes such as
Aslam, Ghifar, Muzaynah, Juhaynah, Ashja and Sulaym until was able to
gather ten thousand fighter. He appointed Abu Ruhm al-Ghifari in
charge of Medina and marched on Wednesday, the 10th
of Ramadan. They
set up their battalions and flags at Qadeed.
Quraysh were unaware of the Prophet's march and therefore sent Abu
Sufyan to investigate the matter, and instructed him: Should you meet
Muhammad (in your way), ask him safety for us.
Abu Sufyan took off with Hakeem ibn Hazaam and Budayl ibn Warqaa
. When they saw the Muslims' camp they were frightened. Al-Abbas
92
Haram (Makkah holy Masjid)

(Prophet's uncle) heard Abu Sufyan's voice and called him by his nick
name saying: Aba Hanzalah? Yes, Abu Sufyan said. Al-Abbas said to him,
"This is the Messenger of Allah along with ten thousand fighters". Abu
Sufyan entered Islam and was granted asylum by Al Abbas. Al-Abbas
entered the camp with Abu Sufyan and his two companions until they stood
before the Prophet. They embraced Islam.
The Prophet ordered Al-Abbas to take Abu Sufyan and make him stand in
the path where the Muslim army was to pass so that he can witness with
own eyes the strength of the Muslim army. Al-Abbas suggested to the
Prophet to grant Abu Sufyan something to be proud of, for this would
please him. The Prophet said: "Whoever enters the house of Abu Sufyan
will be safe, and whoever enters Al-Masjid Al-Haram will be safe, and
whoever enters his own house and closes his door will be safe".
The Prophet prohibited fighting and ordered his army commanders not to
fight except those who fight them. The Muslims met no resistance except
Khalid ibn Al-Waleed who met Safwan ibn Umayyah , Suhayl ibn Amr
and Ikrima ibn Abi Jahl among a group of Quraysh at Al-
Khandamah. They prevented him from entering and threw arrows against
him and his companions. Khalid shouted at his companions and ordered
them to fight. They killed thirteen men from the Polytheists who flee. Two
Muslims were killed in return, Karz ibn Jabir and Hubaysh ibn Khalid
ibn Rabi'ah.
A tent was setup for the Prophet in Al Hujun, and he entered Makkah and
a conqueror. People accepted Islam. He performed tawaaf93
around the
Ka'bah on his camel. There were three hundred and sixty (360) idols around
the Ka'bah, so whenever he passes by one of them, he would point at it with
his stick and say: "And say, "Truth has come, and falsehood has departed.
….". At that, the idol would fall on to its face, broken. The largest among
the idols was Hubal and was standing towards the Ka'bah. Then the Prophet
went to Maqaam Ibrahim and prayed two rak'as behind it. Thereafter, he
addressed the people by saying: "O' people of Quraysh, What do you think I
should do to you?". Good; a good brother and the son of a good brother"!.
He said: "You are free to go". He pardoned them after Allah has
given him power over them. He made a good example in forgiving the
offenders after they were conquered. Then, He sat on the mount of Safa
and received pledges of submission to Islam and obedience. People continue
coming and announcing submission and obedience.
Makkah conquest took place on Friday, with only ten days left of Ramadan.
The Prophet stayed for 15 nights in Makkah and then headed to Hunayn.
He left behind Uttab ibn Usayd to lead the prayers and Mua'dh ibn Jabal
to teach them the Sunnah and fiqh.
93
Tawwaf means circling around the Kabah.

Gathering (39)
The Prophet's Pardon
( PBUH)
Allah ordered his Messenger to forgive people and said in the holy
Quran: "So by mercy from Allah, [O Muhammad], you were lenient with
them. And if you had been rude [in speech] and harsh in heart, they would
have disbanded from about you. So pardon them and ask forgiveness for
them and consult them in the matter. And when you have decided, then rely
upon Allah. Indeed, Allah loves those who rely [upon Him]. (3:159.
And He said: "…And you will still observe deceit among them, except a
few of them. But pardon them and overlook [their misdeeds]. Indeed, Allah
loves the doers of good. (5:13).
The Prophet always liked to pardon and preferred clemency, and he
would never resort to punishment unless there was no way to avoid it.
There were many examples of pardon in then Prophet's biography "Sunnah",
including the above event where he pardoned the people of Makkah
following the conquest.
Other examples are the narration of Abu Hurayrah who said: The
Prophet sent a company of knights towards Najd and they caught and
brought back a man from Bani Hanifahi named Thumamah ibn Uthaal , a
noble man from the people of Yamamah. They tied him to one of the pillars
of the Masjid. The Prophet went over to him and asked him: "What's in
your mind Thumamah?". I have something good, O' Muhammad. If you kill
me, you would kill a killer, and if you set me free, you would do a favor to
someone who is grateful, and if you are looking for wealth, then ask and
you will be given what you wish. The Messenger of Allah left him until the
next day and asked him gain: "What's in your mind Thumamah?". What I
had told you, he replied! If you kill me, you would kill a killer, and if you
set me free, you would do a favor to someone who is grateful, and if you are
looking for wealth, then ask and you will be given what you wish. The
Messenger of Allah left him until tomorrow and asked him gain: "What's in
your mind Thumamah?". What I had told you he replied. If you kill me, you
would kill a killer, and if you set me free, you would do a favor to someone
who is grateful, and if you are looking for wealth, then ask and you will be
given what you wish. The Prophet ordered him free. He took off to a
garden of palm trees close to the Masjid and took a bath and entered the
Masjid and said: I bear witness that there is no god but Allah and that
Muhammad is his servant and messenger. O' Muhammad, I swore by Allah
that no human face was hated by me more than yours, but now your face is
the most beloved to me. By, Allah no religion was most hated by me than
your religion, but now it is the most beloved one to me. By Allah, no city

was most hated by me than your city, but now it is the most beloved city to
me. Your knights caught me while I was intending to perform Umrah, so
what do you think I should do? Allah's messenger gave him good tidings
and ordered him to go on with his intention and perform Umrah.
When he entered Makkah, a man asked him: Have you defected? "No, by
Allah Thumamah replied. I entered Islam with Muhammad the
Messenger of Allah, and not a single grain of wheat will come to you from
Yamamah unless permitted by the Messenger of Allah . [narrated by Al-
Bukhari and Muslim].
See how pardoning has changed the hearts, circumstances, delighted chests
and dispersed the darkness of disbelief.
Another example of the Prophet's forgiving is when he forgave the
Jewish woman who poisoned the meet and gave to the Prophet with the
intention to kill him. When the Prophet ate from it, he did not like it and
did not swallow it. However, the Prophet had her executed later on after
Bishr ibn al-Baraa' ibn Ma'rur had eaten from the same meet and died
affected by the poison she inserted in the meet.
Another example of the Prophet's forgiving is the narration by Jabir
who said: We accompanied the Messenger of Allah in his military
campaign towards Najd and when returned, we returned with him. Just
before midday, we reached a valley with thorny threes. The Messenger of
Allah dismounted and all the men scattered seeking shade under the trees.
He took shade under a tree and hanged his sword thereon.
Jabir added, we took a small nap until we suddenly heard the Messenger of
Allah calling us. We responded and found a Bedouin sitting near him .
The Messenger of Allah said: "This man took my sword while I was asleep. I
woke up and found my sword in his hand pointed at me and telling me: who
can save you from me? I said' Allah, and here he is sitting". The Messenger
of Allah did not punish the man. [narrated by Al-Bukhari]

Gathering (40)
The Prophet of Mercy (3)
( PBUH)
The Prophet's mercy towards children:
Prophet Muhammad was the most merciful, among people, to children. Abu
Hurayrah narrated that the Messenger of Allah had once kissed Al-
Hassan94
, the son of Ali while Al-Aqra' ibn Habis at-Tamimi was
seated with the Messenger of Allah. Al-Aqra' said: "I have ten children and
never kissed any of them". The Messenger of Allah looked at him and said:
"He who is not merciful to others, will not be treated mercifully" [Al-
Bukhari & Muslim]
A'ishah reported: Some Bedouins came to the Prophet and said: Do
you kiss your little ones? they said 'yes'. The Bedouins said: "But we, by
Allah, we do not". Then, the Messenger of Allah said: "What can I do if
Allah has taken mercy away from you?" [Al-Bukhari & Muslim]
These two narrations clearly evidence the Prophet's mercy and kindness to
children and that kissing them is a sign of mercy and compassion. The
Prophet's words: "He who is not merciful to others, will not be treated
mercifully" evidence that the reward will be similar in type to the deed you
made, for the one who deprives children of mercy and compassion, he
himself will be deprived of them by Allah on the Day of Resurrection.
Another sign of the Prophet's mercy towards children is when he came to
his son Ibraheem who was dying, the Prophet's eyes were filled with
tears and said:
"The eyes are shedding tears and the heart is grieved, and we will not say
except what pleases Rabanah "Allah. O Ibrahim! Indeed we are grieved by
your departure". [Al-Bukhari]
The Prophet illustrated complete submission to his Lord through
patience, content and submission to his will. Also, he illustrated due
compassion and mercy for his departing son through tears and grieves. This
is the most complete illustration of slavery to Allah .
When his daughter's son died, his eyes were filled with tears. Sa'd ibn
Ubadah said: "What is this, O' Messenger of Allah?"
94
his grandson (from his daughter)

He said: "What is this, O' Messenger of Allah? He replied: This is
compassion which Allah has placed in the hearts of His servants, and Allah
shows compassion only to those of His servants who are compassionate".
[Al-Bukhari and Muslim]
Another example of the Prophet's mercy towards children is when he
visited the Jewish boy who was dying and had served him . He said to
the boy "Say, la ilaha illah Allah95
. The boy looked at his father who said to
him: "Obey Au Al-Qasim96
". The boy said it. The Prophet said, "Praise
be to Allah who saved him from the hellfire". [Al-bukhari]
Another example is that Anas ibn Malik had a little brother named
Umayr who had a small bird which he used to play with. The bird died and
the boy became sad. The Prophet of mercy visited him to comfort and
cheer him up. He said to him: "O' Abu Umayr, what has it done the
Nughayr? " [Al-Bukhari & Muslim]
Abdullah ibn Shaddad reported that his father narrated: The Messenger of
Allah showed up one day for Ishaa' prayer while he was carrying either Al-
Hasan or Al-Husayn97
. He took the lead, put the child a side and said:
"Allahu Akbar" to begin the prayer. During the prayer, He prostrated
longer than usual, I lifted my head and saw the small boy sitting on the
Prophet's back. When the Messenger of Allah completed the prayer, the
people were saying: O' Messenger of Allah!, you have prostrated during
your prayer for a long time until we thought that something has happened or
the revelation had come to you.
He said: "None of that has happened, but my grandson had climbed my
back and did not want to force down until he is contented" [An-Nasa'I –
graded as saheeh by Al-albani]
An example of his mercy towards children is that when he visits the
Al-Ansar, he would greet their children and stroke their heads with his hand.
An-Nasa'I – graded as saheeh by Al-albani]
Another example of his mercy towards children is that, the new born
children used to be handed over to him for blessing, he would chew dates
and feed them and pray for them. [Muslim]
He used also to pray while carrying his granddaughter Umamah bint
Zaynab . When he prostrated, he put her down, and when he stood up, he
would carry her. May Allah's peace and blessings be upon this noble and
merciful Prophet.
95
I bear witness that there is no god but Allah.
96
Prophet Muhammad's nick name.
97
Sons of his daughter from Ali.

Gathering (41)
The Prophet of Mercy (4)
( PBUH)
Prophet's mercy towards servants and slaves98
.
Before Islam, servants and slaves were deprived of their rights and dignity.
But, when Allah honored this world with the message of Islam, Prophet
Muhammad freed them from injustice, determined their rights and
threatened those who oppressed, abased or cursed them with painful
punishment in the hereafter.
Al-Ma'rur ibn Suwayd said: "I saw Abu Darr wearing a garment similar
to that worn by his slave – meaning that he and his slave wore similar
garments -. I asked him about it, and he (Abu Darr ) mentioned that he
had insulted a man and degraded his mother during the time of the Prophet
. The man went to the Prophet and informed him. The Prophet said
to Abu Darr :
"Have you degraded his mother? You still have some characteristics of
ignorance. Your slaves are your brothers and Allah has put them under your
command. So whoever has a brother under his command should feed him of
what he eats and dress him of what he wears. Do not ask them (slaves) to do
things beyond their capacity (power) and if you do so, then help them". (Al-
Bukhari and Muslim)
See how the Prophet put the servant in the position of a brother to
establish in the heart of the Muslim that if he harms his servant or treats him
badly or takes his belongings, he is actually hurting his own brother. The
Prophet ordered Muslims to treat servants nicely, to be kind to them, to
respect them and provide them with the same food and close they provide
for themselves. This is why Abu Darr was wearing the same garment similar
to that worn by his servant. Also, the Prophet prohibited Muslims, in this
Hadith, from giving servants more work than they can handle. This means
that they should give them work up to their capabilities only and to give
them enough time to rest.
Abu Mas`ud al-Ansari narrated: "I was beating my slave boy with whip.
Then, I heard a voice coming from behind saying, 'You should know Abu
Mas'ud!', but I did not recognize the voice due to my rath. But, when he
98
Slavery was there before Islam. Islam applied many teachings to eradicate slavery.

approached me, I noticed that he was the Messenger of Allah saying to me:
'You should know Abu Mas'ud! I let go the whip from my hand.
He said: "You should know Abu Mas'ud that Allah, the Exalted, has more
dominance upon you than you have upon this boy". Abu Mas'ud said: I will
never ever beat a servant.
In another narration: I said: O' Messenger of Allah, I set him free for the
Sake of Allah. The Messenger of Allah said: "have not done that, the
hellfire would have touched you or burnt you". [Muslim]
The Prophet said: "He who slaps or beats his slave, the relevant expiation
will be setting him free". [Abu Dawud and graded as saheeh by Al-Albani]
The Prophet is the one who saved the oppressed, freed the slaves, and
stood up for the rights of the servants and humiliated people. He
comforted them and rehabilitated their hearts.
Mu'awiyah ibn Suwayd ibn Mugrin narrated: "I slapped a servant of ours.
My father called both of us and asked him to retaliate upon me and said:
We, Bani Mugrin, were seven people at the time of the Messenger of Allah
and had none but one female slave. One of us slapped her. The Messenger
of Allah said: Set her free. They said: We have no other servant but her.
He said: "She may serve you until you become well off. When you become
so, you must set her free". [Muslim]
This is Muhammad and these are his attitudes towards servants and the
oppressed people. So, where those calling for the freedom of humanity stand
compared to these attitudes of the Prophet ?
Look at this practical example of how the Prophet treated his own
servant. Anas ibn Malik said: "I served the Messenger of Allah for ten
years. By Allah, he never said to me 'Uff99
' or said about anything I did, why
did you do it? or anything I failed to do, why I did not do it?" [Al-Bukhari &
Muslim]
In another narration, Anas said: "And he never found fault with me in
any thing I did. ". [Muslim]
The Messenger of Allah would say to a servant: "Do you need anything?".
[narrated by Ahmad and graded as saheeh by Al-Albani] Anas ibn Malik
reported that “If a female slave among the people of Al-Madinah were to
take the hand of the Messenger of Allah (saw), he would not take his hand
away from hers until she had taken him wherever she wanted in Al-Madinah
99
An expression of displeasure.

so that her needs may be met.”"[ibn Majah – graded as saheeh by Al-
Albani]

Gathering (42)
The Prophet's Generosity
( PBUH)
Prophet Muhammad was unparalleled in his generosity, openhandedness,
leniency and high manners.
His generosity was comprehensive and inclusive of all generosity
features the highest level of which is to sacrifice someone's life for the sake
of Allah.
He gave himself in fighting against the enemies of Allah and therefore he
was the closest to the enemies' line during the battle. Only the bravest
fighters would stand and fight beside him in the battle.
He offered knowledge to his companions and taught them of what Allah
had taught him. He was keen to teach his companions what is good for
them and be gentle with them while teaching them and says: "God did not
send me to be harsh, or cause harm, but He has sent me to teach and make
things easy". [Muslim]
And he said: "I am like father teaching you". [Ahmad and Abu Dawud –
graded as saheeh by Al-Albani]
If a person asks him about anything, he would reply with elaboration and
this is a generosity of him to do so. Once he was asked by someone about
the purity of the sea water. He said: "Its water is pure and its dead
animals are lawful to eat". [Ahmad and others]
He was the most generous among people in giving up his time and
comfort to satisfy others' needs and help achieve their goals. In evidencing
this fact, enough to mention the story of the female servant among the
people of Al-Madinah who would take the hand of the Messenger of Allah
and that he would not take his hand away from hers until she had taken him
wherever she wanted in Al-Madinah so that her needs may be met". [ibn
Majah and graded as saheeh by Al-Albani]
The greatest generosity of the Prophet is that which is evidenced by the
Jaber Ibn Abdullah who reported: "It never happened that Allah's
Messenger (may peace be upon him) was asked for anything and he said:
No." (Al-Bukhari and Muslim)

Anas reported: "Nothing that the Messenger of Allah was asked to
give in exchange of acceptance of Islam and he denied. A man came to the
Prophet and he gave him a herd of sheep scattered between two
mountains. When he returned to his people, he said to them: "O my people!
Embrace Islam because Muhammad gives like one who has no fear of
poverty." [Muslim]
Anas said: "Some people would embrace Islam only for worldly gains, but
soon Islam becomes dearer to them than the world with all what it contains".
The Messenger of Allah gave Safwan ibn Umayyah three hundred
camels after the battle of Hunayn. Safwaf said: "(By Allah) Allah's
Messenger gave me what he has given me while he was to me the most
hated person amongst people. But he continued giving to me until he
became now the most dearest of people to me". [Muslim]
Ibn Abbas reported: "The Messenger of Allah was the most generous
of the men; and he was the most generous during the month of Ramadan
when Gabriel visited him every night and recited the Qur'an to him.
During this period, the generosity of Messenger of Allah waxed faster
than the rain bearing wind". (Al-Bukhari and Muslim)
Jubayr ibn Mutím said: While the Messenger of Allah was
accompanied by the people on their way back from Hunayn, the Bedouins
started begging things of Allah's Messenger so much so that they forced
him to go under a Samura tree where his loose outer garment was snatched
away. On that, Allah's Messenger stood up and said to them, "Return my
garment to me. If I had as many camels as these trees, I would have
distributed them amongst you; and you will not find me a miser or a liar or
a coward." [Al-Bukhari]
Generosity was part of the Prophet's character even before his
prophethood. When the angle (Gabriel) descended to him in the cave of
Hiraa' and he he returned to Khadijah shivering, she told him: " Never!
By Allah, Allah will never disgrace you. You keep good relations with your
kith and kin, help the poor and the destitute, serve your guests generously
and assist the deserving calamity-afflicted ones."
Anas reported: "The Prophet would not store anything for tomorrow. [At-
Tarmidhi and graded as saheeh by Al-Albani]
Abu Sa'eed reported: Certain people of the Ansar asked the Messenger of
Allah and he gave them; then they again asked him and he gave them
until all what he possessed was exhausted. Then the Prophet said,
"Whatever wealth I have, I will not withhold from you. Whosoever would be
chaste and modest; Allah will keep him chaste and modest and whosoever
would seek self-sufficiency, Allah will make him self-sufficient; and

whosoever would be patient, Allah will give him patience, and no one is
granted a gift better and more comprehensive than patience". [Ahmad and
Muslim]

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