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Smithsonian MobileNancy Proctor proctorn@si.edu 29 September 2010
Why interpretation?
Interpretation is as essential to the Museum as cutlery is to a banquetBeth Lipman, Bancketje (Banquet) 2003
3
If the Museum doesn’t provide it:Some visitors may bring their own,
Some may eat only the finger food,
Some may choose another restaurant,
Many will go away hungry, feeling uninvited  and  unwelcome.Beth Lipman, Bancketje (Banquet) 2003
4
Tate Modern’sPrinciples of InterpretationInterpretation is at the heart of the gallery’s mission.Works of art do not have self-evident meanings. Works of art have a capacity for multiple readings; interpretation should make visitors aware of the subjectivity of any interpretive text. Interpretation embraces a willingness to experiment with new ideas.We recognise the validity of diverse audience responses to works of art.Interpretation should incorporate a wide spectrum of voices and opinions from inside and outside the institution.Visitors are encouraged to link unfamiliar artworks with their everyday experience.
VelcroTeflonhttp://www.slideshare.net/psamis/learning-in-museums-2008-intro-remarks
How does it support SI’s mission?
Smithsonian InstitutionMISSIONThe Increase and diffusion of knowledgeVISIONShaping the future by preserving our heritage, discovering new knowledge, and sharing our resources with the worldVALUESDiscovery, Creativity, Excellence, Diversity, and ServiceStrategic Plan 2010:Reimagining the Smithsonian FOUR GRAND CHALLENGESUnlocking the Mysteries of the UniverseUnderstanding and Sustaining a Biodiverse PlanetValuing World CulturesUnderstanding the American ExperienceTHREE CROSS-CUTTING THEMESBroadening AccessRevitalizing EducationCrossing Boundaries
Broadening AccessNew tools and technologies will exponentially broaden our access worldwide.
The Nation’s growing diversity challenges us to reach new audiences ensure that the Smithsonian collections, exhibitions, and outreach programs speak to all Americans. We also must remain relevant to visitors who come from around the world.  To accomplish this, we will leverage the power of technology using new media and social networking tools to deliver information in customized ways to bring our resources to those who cannot visit in person.
Digitizing the collections and making accessible online are major Institutional priorities, as is exploring next-generation technologies that speak to “digital natives” who expect to be reached online.  Finally, we will improve the visitor experience, for even in the digital age, physical access to the “real thing” has enduring value.Why mobile?
In the Museum as Distributed Network…12
…at least half of the Museum’s platforms are already mobile.13
So if we want to meet our audiences where they areAnd take them some place new…
Mobile is a great vehiclehttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6ILQrUrEWe815
Mission, Metrics & Mobile at SI
“For the increase & diffusion of knowledge”
“For the increase & diffusion of knowledge”
How does mobile help SI?Mobile is global, and its reach is key to “the increase and diffusion of knowledge” in the 21st centuryMobile is opening up access to and dialogue with new audiences in:Emerging global markets
Developing nations
Rural/remote communities
Spanning generations
Niche communities of interest and passion for SI’s collections and researchMobile gives us new tools for scholarship, research, outreach and staying relevant to our constituentsMobile challenges us to ‘think differently’ about how we do business in a new learning & communications economy
ConcernsCellphone use will disrupt the galleries and encourage people to talk on their phones.Visitors will take pictures of the art with their phones.Interpretation distracts visitors from actually looking at the work, making it a superficial experience.Not everyone has a cellphone or smartphone.Signage and guards reinforce gallery etiquette.They already do, but signage and guards protect SI.Depends entirely on content design.True, so multiple interpretation platforms are necessary.
Mobile Research at SFMOMA
Mobile Improved Visitors’ Experience 2010 Mobile Tour evaluation…. (Top box %)Very easy to use…Very satisfied…Strongly recommend…Made visit much more enjoyable…Made artworks much more meaningful…Q. Guide RatingsNote: Percentages represent the highest ratingFUSION RESEARCH + ANALYTICS
Those who chose the iPod and cell phone formats rated them more highly than traditional headset tour users rated theirs.(although the content was identical!)Randi Korn & Associates, SFMOMA, 2006
Phone logs enabled us to see patterns in where visitors wanted information most:(or perhaps where they or could find the labels!)Randi Korn & Associates, SFMOMA, 2006
In fact, GuideBy Cell now mashes up area codes and Google Maps to reveal where visitors are from:
Multimedia Tours Impact on Time Spent in the Galleries   Q. How did the Mobile Tour impact the amount of time you spent in the museum today? FUSION RESEARCH + ANALYTICS study at SFMOMA Summer 2010
Feedback on Multimedia TourKahlo exhibition at SFMOMA, 2008
Why SI Mobile?
JacksonvilleZoo’s Research*Scale: 7 = strongly agree through 1 = strongly disagree.Source: Institute for Learning Innovation & the Jacksonville Zoo.
The more interpretation used, the greater the visitor satisfactionRandi Korn & Associates, SFMOMA, 2006
SI Mobile Projects to Date
Mobile ArtJanet Cardiff, Words Drawn in Water,2005
Over 20 Podcasts from across SI
Numerous cellphone toursNASM "Explore the Universe"
NPG “Faces of the Frontier” exhibition
NPG "Mask of Lincoln" exhibition
AAA exhibition
NMAI gardens
SAAM Luce Center audio tour
SAAM “William Wegman” exhibitionMobile Websites
NMAI.SI.edu/mobilehttp://smithsonian-webstrategy.wikispaces.com/Fritz+Scholder+mobile+web+tour
NMAI Vantage Point
Cooper-Hewitt TriennialMobile Exhibition Website
Mobile.NASM.SI.eduhttp://smithsonian-webstrategy.wikispaces.com/NASM+Mobile+Website
Chandra Xray Observatory
www.postalmuseum.si.edu/mobile/
GoSmithsonian.com (mobile)http://smithsonian-webstrategy.wikispaces.com/GoSmithsonian+Mobile
Apps
Design USA at Cooper-Hewitt“Don’t even think about not using it because then you won’t truly see the show.”Roberta Smith, NY Times, 14 January 2010http://www.nytimes.com/2010/01/15/arts/design/15design.htmlhttp://smithsonian-webstrategy.wikispaces.com/Design+USA+iPod+Touch+tour
MEanderthalhttp://smithsonian-webstrategy.wikispaces.com/MEanderthal
Yves Klein at the Hirshhornhttp://smithsonian-webstrategy.wikispaces.com/Design+USA+iPod+Touch+tour
Games & Mobile Learning
Smithsonian Connections
NASM “Got a Question?” Txt Test one week
84 unique users
 88 responseshttp://smithsonian-webstrategy.wikispaces.com/NASMmobile_gotaquestion
ARGs: GOAC & PHEON
Why SI Mobile?
mLearning Workshops
Mobile Learning at the Hirshhorn
Plus, in development:Cross-platform games: NMNH, Zoo & NMAH (in addition to Ghosts of a Chance & PHEON at SAAM)
Mobile giving initiatives being piloted at NASM
Mobile sign language guides in development at SAAM (already online at http://americanart.si.edu/education/asl/)Important research by Laboratory for Visual Learning, Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics finds efficacy of iPads and eBook readers in helping learning disabled to read
Also in the PipelineNMNH Leaf-identifier app
Mall visitors’ app

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Why SI Mobile?

Editor's Notes

  • #30: Market Currently in the US, 25% of cell phone users have a smartphone. By the end of 2011, 50% of cell phone users in the US will have a smartphone. By 2020, mobile devices will be the world’s primary connection tool to the Internet. 36% of recent NZP visitors have a smartphone!! 1/5 would use phone to navigate around the zoo and help plan their visit. 25% of adult smartphone owners are active app users, 13% of whom have paid for an app.Mission Many other zoos and museums are publishing apps: 11 zoos and aquariums with apps; 2 are paid (Woodland, Houston, Memphis, Cincinnati, Dallas, Detroit, Buffalo, Jacksonville, Aquarium of Pacific, Florida Aquarium) Feedback and download numbers are positive. - Call the Wild Supports one of SI’s Five Institutional Priorities; the priority to Broaden Access, defined as “Purpose the latest tools and technology to exponentially broaden the world’s access to Smithsonian resources and improve the visitor experience for those who come in person.”
  • #56: And many more learning opportunities in the pipeline
  • #70: So this is a thumbnail sketch of what I think SI Mobile might look like: not just one big umbrella app, but a set of tools and resources…