Windows 8.1 Sockets
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Wintellect provides consulting and training services focused on software development, particularly on Microsoft technologies including sockets, WebSockets, and the Windows Runtime API. They offer a range of courses, taught by industry experts, that cover full lifecycle software development, debugging, and performance tuning with flexible training options. Their training includes practical applications, example projects, and source code available online to support learning.
Windows 8.1 Sockets
- 2. Consulting/Training consulting Wintellect helps you build better software, faster, tackling the tough projects and solving the software and technology questions that help you transform your business. Architecture, Analysis and Design Full lifecycle software development Debugging and Performance tuning Database design and development training Wintellect's courses are written and taught by some of the biggest and most respected names in the Microsoft programming industry. Learn from the best. Access the same training Microsoft’s developers enjoy Real world knowledge and solutions on both current and cutting edge technologies Flexibility in training options – onsite, virtual, on demand Founded by top experts on Microsoft – Jeffrey Richter, Jeff Prosise, and John Robbins – we pull out all the stops to help our customers achieve their goals through advanced software-based consulting and training solutions. who we are About Wintellect
- 3. Consulting/Training Sockets, Simplified WebSockets UDP and TCP Sockets Proximity / NFC “Tap to Connect” Bluetooth and Wi-Fi Direct Recap Agenda
- 4. Consulting/Training Covers full WinRT API Over 80 example projects This presentation is based on Chapter 10 Full source online at http://winrtexamples .codeplex.com/ Book available at http://bit.ly/winrtxmpl WinRT by Example
- 7. Consulting/Training Sockets, Simplified Stream Length (maybe) Position Read Write Seek
- 8. Consulting/Training Sockets Are Specialized Streams
- 9. Consulting/Training Berkeley sockets released with Unix in 1983 (owned by AT&T at the time) for “IPC” while I was writing my first Commodore 64 programs in 6502 assembly Open licensing in 1989 (I had finally moved to IBM PC and MS-DOS) POSIX API (Portable Operating System Interface) released in 1988 Windows Sockets API (WSA or Winsock) released in 1992 (I graduated high school and discovered the Internet in college) and later implemented for Windows Another F Ancillary Function Driver (AFD.sys) still exists to this day Sockets: A Brief History
- 10. Consulting/Training Sockets Are Specialized Streams
- 11. Consulting/Training Sockets Are Specialized Streams
- 12. Consulting/Training A way to communicate between end points Usually operate on streams, which are abstractions over buffers that contain bytes But can be a datagram that has no connection A socket connection has two distinct end points An end point is a combination of an address and a port End points can be hosted on the same machine, or different machines Sockets Recap
- 13. Consulting/Training int main(void) { struct sockaddr_in stSockAddr; int Res; int SocketFD = socket(PF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, IPPROTO_TCP); if (-1 == SocketFD) { perror("cannot create socket"); exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } memset(&stSockAddr, 0, sizeof(stSockAddr)); stSockAddr.sin_family = AF_INET; stSockAddr.sin_port = htons(1100); Res = inet_pton(AF_INET, "192.168.1.1", &stSockAddr.sin_addr); (void) shutdown(SocketFD, SHUT_RDWR); close(SocketFD); return EXIT_SUCCESS; } “The Old Days” (still valid 30 yrs. later)
- 14. Consulting/Training Sit on top of TCP (you’ll learn more about TCP later) Operate over ports 80/443 by default (keeps firewalls happy) Use HTTP for the initial “handshake” Provide full-duplex communications WinRT implementation allows for message- based or stream-based WebSockets
- 15. Consulting/Training GET /info HTTP/1.1 HOST: 1.2.3.4 Upgrade: websocket Connection: Upgrade Origin: http://jeremylikness.com/ HTTP/1.1 101 Switching Protocols Upgrade: websocket Connection: Upgrade WebSocket Handshake Placing my call … Accepting …. Now it’s streams from here on out….
- 16. Consulting/Training (a prime example… source code: http://bit.ly/1i5vB9p) WebSockets
- 17. Consulting/Training Both are communication protocols for delivering octet streams (bytes!) UDP is fire-and-forget (connectionless) Individual messages sent, i.e. “datagrams” Fast, lots of questions: DNS, DHCP, SNMP TCP is connection-oriented TCP is stream-based Slower, but reliable: HTTP, FTP, SMTP, Telnet UDP and TCP
- 18. Consulting/Training this.serverSocket = new StreamSocketListener(); this.serverSocket.ConnectionReceived += this.ServerSocketConnectionReceived; await this.serverSocket.BindServiceNameAsync(ServiceName); // can both read and write messages (full-duplex) if (serverWriter == null) { serverWriter = new DataWriter(args.Socket.OutputStream); serverReader = new DataReader(args.Socket.InputStream); } Server Listens for Connections
- 19. Consulting/Training var hostName = new HostName("localhost"); this.clientSocket = new StreamSocket(); await this.clientSocket.ConnectAsync(hostName, ServiceName); clientWriter = new DataWriter(this.clientSocket.OutputStream); clientReader = new DataReader(this.clientSocket.InputStream); // both client and server require long-running tasks to wait for // messages and send them as needed while (true) { var data = await GetStringFromReader(clientReader); // do something with the data } Client “Dials In” to Chat
- 20. Consulting/Training (a true adventure… source code: http://bit.ly/1j77rP3) TCP Sockets
- 21. Consulting/Training Near Field Communications (NFC) is a standard for extremely low powered communications typically very slow and over a very small distance, between devices and/or smart tags NFC is capable of sending small bursts of information. However, “tap to connect” is a powerful mechanism for establishing a hand-shake to open a stream over other, longer range and faster protocols like Bluetooth and Wi-Fi Direct Windows Runtime exposes the Proximity APIs that provide a unified way to discover nearby devices and a protocol-agnostic mechanism to connect Literally you can discover, handshake, etc. and WinRT will “hand-off” a socket that is ready to use (you won’t even know if it is over Wi-Fi Direct or Bluetooth) Bluetooth = short wavelength wireless technology Wi-Fi Direct = peer to peer over Wi-Fi (wireless cards without requiring a wireless access point or router) NFC and Proximity
- 22. Consulting/Training this.proximityDevice = ProximityDevice.GetDefault(); this.proximityDevice.DeviceArrived += this.ProximityDeviceDeviceArrived; this.proximityDevice.DeviceDeparted += this.ProximityDeviceDeviceDeparted; PeerFinder.ConnectionRequested += this.PeerFinderConnectionRequested; PeerFinder.Role = PeerRole.Peer; PeerFinder.Start(); var peers = await PeerFinder.FindAllPeersAsync(); var socket = await PeerFinder.ConnectAsync(this.SelectedPeer.Information); Proximity APIs NFC device and events Peer Finder (listen and browse) Browse for peers Connect to peer
- 23. Consulting/Training 1. Try to get Proximity Device (NFC) 2. If exists, register to enter/leave events (NFC) 3. If it supports triggers (i.e. tap) register for connection state change event (NFC) 4. Otherwise browse for peers (Wi-Fi Direct, Bluetooth) 5. When a peer is found, send a connection request 6. Peer must accept the connection request 7. In any scenario, once the connection exists you are passed a stream socket and are free to communicate Steps for Proximity
- 25. Consulting/Training WebSockets API for simplified WebSockets Sockets API for TCP, UDP, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi Direct Windows 8.1 is capable of dialing out to any address and port As a server, most practical example is listening for Bluetooth connections The security sandbox prevents using sockets for inter-app communications Recap
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