Windows server basics installation and configuration and
- 1. Lesson 1: Installing Servers MOAC 70-410: Installing and Configuring Windows Server 2012
- 2. Overview • Exam Objective 1.1: Install Servers • Selecting a Windows Server 2012 R2 Edition • Installing Windows Server 2012 R2 • Choosing Installation Options • Upgrading Servers • Migrating Roles © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2
- 3. Selecting a Windows Server 2012 R2 Edition Lesson 1: Installing Servers © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 3
- 4. Planning • The Windows Server 2012 R2 Edition you choose should be based on multiple factors, including: o The roles you intend the servers to perform o The virtualization strategy you intend to implement o The licensing strategy you plan to use © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 4
- 5. Windows Server 2012 R2 Core Editions • Windows Server 2012 R2 Datacenter • Windows Server 2012 R2 Standard • Windows Server 2012 R2 Essentials • Windows Server 2012 R2 Foundation © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 5
- 6. Datacenter • Designed for large and powerful servers • Supports up to 64 processors • Fault tolerance—hot-add processors • Only available to purchase through: o Microsoft volume-licensing program o Original equipment manufacturers (OEMs), bundled with a server © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 6
- 7. Standard • Includes the full set of Windows Server 2012 R2 features • Only differs from Datacenter by the number of virtual machine instances permitted by the license © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 7
- 8. Essentials • Includes nearly all features from Datacenter and Standard editions, except: o Server Core o Hyper-V o Active Directory Federation Services • Limited to one physical or virtual server instance • Maximum of 25 users © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 8
- 9. Foundation • Reduced version of the operating system designed for small businesses • Supports only basic server features: o File and print services o Application support • No virtualization rights • Limited to 15 users © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 9
- 10. Supporting Server Roles Three basic categories of server roles are: • Directory services o Store, organize, and supply information about a network and its resources • Infrastructure services o Provide support services for network clients • Application services o Provide communication services, operating environments, or programming interfaces for specific applications © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 10
- 11. Directory Services Roles • Active Directory Certificate Services • Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS) • Active Directory Federation Services • Active Directory Lightweight Directory Services (AD LDS) • Active Directory Rights Management Services (AD RMS) © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 11
- 12. Infrastructure Services • DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) • DNS Server • Hyper-V • Network Policy and Access Services (NPAS) • Health Registration Authority (HRA) • Remote Access • Volume Activation Services • Windows Deployment Services (WDS) • Windows Server Update Services (WSUS) © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 12
- 13. Application Services • Application Server • Fax Server • File and Storage Services • Print and Document Services • Remote Desktop Services • Web Server (IIS) © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 13
- 14. Supporting Server Virtualization POSE: Physical operating system environment VOSE: Virtual operating system environment © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 14 Edition POSE Instances VOSE Instances Datacenter 1 Unlimited Standard 1 2 Foundation 1 0 Essentials 1 POSE or VOSE 1 POSE or VOSE
- 15. Server Licensing Retail Volume Licensing Original Equipment Manufacturer Datacenter No Yes Yes Standard Yes Yes Yes Foundation No No Yes Essentials No Yes Yes Windows Server Sales Channel Availability, by Edition © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 15 Licensing Windows Server 2012 R2 includes purchasing licenses for both servers and clients.
- 16. Installing Windows Server 2012 R2 Lesson 1: Installing Servers © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 16
- 17. System Requirements Minimum system requirements for all editions of Windows Server 2012 R2: o Processor: 1.4 GHz 64-bit o RAM: 512 MB o Disk space: 32 GB o DVD or USB flash drive o Super VGA or higher resolution monitor © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 17
- 18. Maximum Hardware Configurations Windows Server 2012 Windows Server 2008 R2 Logical processors 640 256 RAM 4 terabytes 2 terabytes Failover cluster nodes 64 16 © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 18
- 19. Clean Installation • Necessary when you have a bare metal computer. • Use if you are willing to reformat an existing disk. • Creates the most stable environment. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 19
- 20. Performing a Clean Installation • Connect and power on all devices. • Boot from the Windows Server installation DVD. • Select Language, Time and Currency format, and Keyboard layout. • Click Install Now. • Select your edition of Windows Server 2012 R2. • Select Custom: Install Windows only (advanced). • Select the partition on which to install. • When the installation is complete, set your password. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 20
- 21. Performing a Clean Installation Select Your Preferences © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 21
- 22. Performing a Clean Installation Select Custom: Install Windows only (advanced) © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 22
- 23. Performing a Clean Installation Select the Partition/Drive on which to Install Windows Server © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 23
- 24. Performing a Clean Installation Set the Administrator Password © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 24
- 25. Installing Third-Party Drivers • If hard drives are connected to a third-party controller, rather than the one integrated into the motherboard, the installation procedure may not detect your hard drive. • The Where do you want to install Windows? page will not list hard drives. • Install a third-party driver to allow the installation program access to your hard drive to continue the installation. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 25
- 26. Working with Installation Partitions • You can create, manage, and delete partitions on your hard drive. • Click Drive options (advanced) and four buttons will appear: o Delete o Extend o Format o New © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 26
- 27. Working with Installation Partitions Advanced Drive Options Buttons © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 27
- 28. Choosing Installation Options Lesson 1: Installing Servers © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 28
- 29. Using Server Core • Stripped-down version of the operating system • Takes you to a Graphical User Interface (GUI) • Type commands at the command prompt © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 29
- 30. Server Core Server Core’s Command Line Interface © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 30
- 31. Advantages of Server Core • Hardware resource conservation • Reduced disk space • Reduced patch frequency • Reduced attack surface © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 31
- 32. Server Core Defaults • Server Core is now the default installation option. • GUI tools can be added and removed using Windows PowerShell commands. • New Server Manager includes comprehensive remote administration tools. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 32
- 33. Using the Minimal Server Interface • A setting that removes some of the most hardware-intensive elements from the GUI. • Middle ground between Server Core and full GUI installation. • Administrators are left with essential tools: o Server Manager o MMC applications o Device Manager o Windows PowerShell © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 33
- 34. Configure the Minimal Interface User Interfaces and Infrastructure Feature in the Remove Roles and Features Wizard © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 34
- 35. Using Features on Demand • Allows you to optimize resource utilization by removing files related to unused Windows features stored in WinSxS directory. • Permanently remove files for unused features using Windows PowerShell commands. • The following command will disable the Server Graphical Shell and remove its source files from WinSxS: Uninstall-WindowsFeature Server-Gui-Shell –Remove • If you attempt to enable the feature in the future, the system will download it from Windows Update or from an image file you specify. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 35
- 36. Upgrading Servers Lesson 1: Installing Servers © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 36
- 37. Upgrading Servers • Setup program creates a new Windows folder in which to install the new version of Windows Server 2012 R2. • The program then migrates applications, files, and settings from the old OS to the new. • To minimize risks involved in this complex procedure, administrators must perform backups and be able to troubleshoot problems that may arise. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 37
- 38. Upgrade Paths • Windows Server 2012 R2 has very limited upgrade paths. • You can only upgrade Windows Server 2008 or Windows Server 2008 R2, 64 bit versions only, to their comparable Windows Server 2012 edition. • For all other Windows versions and editions, you will have to perform a Clean Installation. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 38
- 39. Preparing to Upgrade • Check hardware compatibility. • Check disk space. • Confirm that software is signed. • Check application compatibility. • Ensure computer functionality. • Perform a full backup. • Purchase Windows Server 2012. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 39
- 40. Performing an Upgrade Installation • Insert the Windows Server 2012 installation DVD while your current server is still running, and run the Setup program. • The installation program will run the same way as a clean installation except on the Which type of installation do you want page, you must select Upgrade: Install Windows and keep files, settings, and applications option. • The Setup program will provide a Compatibility Report. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 40
- 41. Performing an Upgrade Installation Compatibility report page © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 41
- 42. Migrating Roles Lesson 1: Installing Servers © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 42
- 43. Migrating Roles • Migration is the preferred method of replacing an existing server with one running Windows Server 2012 R2. • Migration copies vital information from an existing server to a clean Windows Server 2012 R2 installation. • Upgrade restrictions do not apply to migrations. • You can migrate between versions, platforms, editions, physical and virtual instances, and installation options. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 43
- 44. Server Migration • Different from workstation migration. • Migrate roles or role services individually. • Migration guides exist for different roles supported by Windows Server 2012 R2. • Some migrations require the use of Windows Server Migration Tools and others do not. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 44
- 45. Server Migration Steps • Install Windows Server Migration Tools on the destination server, running Windows Server 2012 R2. • Create a distribution folder and copy an appropriate version of the tools for the source server. • Copy the distribution folder to the source server and then register the Windows Server Migration Tools. • Use Migration Guides to migrate roles, features shares, settings, and other data. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 45
- 46. Migration Guide Elements • Compatibility notes • Guide contents • Migration overview • Migration requirements • Pre-migration tasks • Migration procedures • Post-migration procedures © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 46
- 47. Lesson Summary • Microsoft releases all of its operating systems in multiple editions, which provides consumers with varying price points and feature sets. • Windows Server 2012 R2 includes predefined combinations of services called roles that implement common server functions. • A clean installation is the simplest way to deploy Windows Server 2012 R2 on a bare metal computer or a computer with a partition that you are willing to reformat (losing all of the data on the partition in the process). © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 47
- 48. Lesson Summary • Many enterprise networks today use servers that are dedicated to a particular role. When a server is performing a single role, does it really make sense to have so many other processes running on the server that contribute little to that role? • When you select the Windows Server Core installation option, you get a stripped-down version of the operating system. • If the advantages of Server Core sound tempting, but there are traditional server administration tools you don’t want to give up, Windows Server 2012 R2 provides a compromise that it calls the Minimal Server Interface. • The Minimal Server Interface is a setting that removes some of the most hardware-intensive elements from the GUI. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 48
- 49. Lesson Summary • An in-place upgrade is the most complicated form of Windows Server 2012 R2 installation. It is also the lengthiest, and the most likely to cause problems during its execution. Whenever possible, Microsoft recommends that administrators perform a clean installation, or migrate required applications and settings instead. • Migration is the preferred method of replacing an existing server with one running Windows Server 2012 R2. Unlike an in-place upgrade, a migration copies vital information from an existing server to a clean Windows Server 2012 R2 installation. • Windows Server Migration Tools is a Windows Server 2012 R2 feature that consists of Windows PowerShell cmdlets and help files that enable administrators to migrate certain roles between servers. © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 49
- 50. Copyright 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Reproduction or translation of this work beyond that named in Section 117 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act without the express written consent of the copyright owner is unlawful. Requests for further information should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. The purchaser may make back-up copies for his/her own use only and not for distribution or resale. The Publisher assumes no responsibility for errors, omissions, or damages, caused by the use of these programs or from the use of the information contained herein.