Wireless Patient Monitoring System using IoT

International Journal of Electrical, Electronics and Computers
Vol-6, Issue-3 | May-Jun, 2021
Available: https://aipublications.com/ijeec/
Peer-Reviewed Journal
ISSN: 2456-2319
https://dx.doi.org/10.22161/eec.63.8 51
Wireless Patient Monitoring System using IoT
Prateek Kulshrestha, Preksha Joshi, Piyush Sharma, Dinesh Verma
Department of CSE, Global Institute of Technology, Jaipur, India
Received: 09 Jun 2021; Accepted: 22 Jun 2021; Date of Publication: 26 Jun 2021
©2021 The Author(s). Published by Infogain Publication. This is an open access article under the CC BY license
(https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Abstract— In this paper we have designed and implemented simple wireless patient monitoring system.
This system can be implemented in hospitals or ICU’s as well as at patient’s home. The system monitors
the vital health parameter: pulse and temperature. These parameters are automatically monitored and
stored by the system. If these parameters deviate from their nominal values, the alert message is sent to the
concerned doctor on his system or mobile. The system is cost effective, ease of implementation, automatic
and continuous monitoring of pulse & temperature of the patient.
Keywords— Patient Monitoring System, GSM Module, Sensor.
I. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Need for Wireless System
In earlier twentieth century, personal health observation
systems were accustomed collect patient’s information.
during this system, analysis and processing was
relinquished net, creating such devices impractical and
non-real time for continuous observation. conjointly
systems that have multiple sensors for therapeutic
rehabilitation typically feature unwieldy wires between the
sensors and therefore the observation system. These wires
limit’s the patient's activity and level of comfort.
It is also difficult to keep track on abnormalities in pulse
count for patient manually. The average pulse per minute
for 25-year old ranges between 80-90 beats per minute
while for a 60-year old it is typically between 72-84 beats
per minute and body temperature is 37degree Celsius or
98.4Fahrenheit. Patients are not well satisfied with manual
treatment which doctors normally use for tracking the
count of pulse. So, there must be some device which
would help patient tokeep track on theirhealth by their
own. There are various devices available in market to keep
track on internal body fluctuations. But there are many
limitations regarding their maintenance due their high cost.
To overcome these limitations a tool use to stay track on
pulse count of patient ought to be simple to use, portable,
light-weight weighted, small size, value effective, so it
offer independence of quality for patient. The devices
which might be carried all over with them to stay track on
patient’s health. This device that's a heartbeat detector
would facilitate them to stay track on pulse and
temperature counts of a patient and check for any
abnormalities. If any varied amendment takes place it's
notified to the doctor by a message, victimization GSM
module. This notification would facilitate to require AN
applicable action at intervals tiny time. this is able to save
patients from the long run ill health which might arise.
1.2 The Existing System
Currently the system used for patient monitoring is the
fixed monitoring system which can be used only when the
patient is on bed. The available systems are bigger in size
and only fits in the hospitals in ICU.
Fig.1: Existing Systems
II. OBJECTIVE
The main objective is to design a portable wireless patient
monitoring which can monitor pulse and temperature

Prateek Kulshrestha et al. Wireless Patient Monitoring System using IoT
ISSN: 2456-2319
simultaneously and sends the result to the doctor, form
which he can provide medical assistance according to the
data received.
Fig.2: Portable Devices
III. SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
Architecture of the system implemented to achieve various
data of a patient. Sensors such as temperature, pulse rate
been implemented here. The main purpose of this project
is to monitoring patients health parameters, the
information about the patient are transfer to doctor through
IOT by using GSM module wirelessly.
Fig.3: System Architecture
IV. BLOCK DESCRIPTION
Following are the two major blocks of the system:
4.1 Transmitting Model
The different parameters of patients such as heart rate,
temperature and blood pressure are sensed by their
respective sensors and send to microcontroller. This
microcontroller displays the parameters on a LCD and
simultaneously transfers it to a remote PC via a GSM
module. GSM module is interfaced with Arduino.
Fig.4:Transmittting Model
4.2 Receiving Model
The receiving model regularly monitors these parameters
and in case of emergency and dangerous situations we
have to alert the doctor immediately.
Fig.5: Receiving Model
V. SENSORS
5.1 Temperature Sensor
The LM35 is computer circuit temperature device,
therefore it provides advantage over linear temperature
activity. The LM35 doesn't need any external activity or
trimming to produce typical accuracies. The LM35 has
low output impedances, exactness inheritance, linear
output makes the management of circuit terribly
straightforward. The LM35 is rated to control over -55 to
+150 C temperature vary, whereas it rated for -40 to 110
celcius (-10 with improved accuracy).
The LM35 is used to measure the hotness and coldness of
an object. It operates over low voltage from 4 to 30 volts,
less than 0.0006A current drain, low self heating up to
0.08 C in air. The LM35 consist of mainly 3 pins input
voltage, analog input A0 and ground.

ISSN: 2456-2319
Fig.6: Temperature Sensor
5.2 Pulse Sensor
Pulse Sensor is a well-designed plug-and-play heart-beat
sensor for Arduino. It can be used by students, artists,
athletes, makers, and game & mobile developers who want
to easily incorporate live heartbeat data into their
projects.
The basic pulse detector consists of a junction rectifier and
a detector sort of a lightweight detection electrical device
or a photodiode. The number of light absorbed depends on
the blood volume therein tissue. The detectoroutput
iswithin the style of the electrical signal and is
proportional to the heartbeat rate.
Fig.7Pulse Sensor
5.3 Arduino UNO
Arduino UNO is an open source with the combination of
hardware and software, the project uses design and
manufactured microcontroller-based kit for both analog
and digital devices.
It gives an (IDE) integrated development environment
based on the working project, it supports C, C++, and java
programming languages. Hardware portion consist of
digital, analog and voltage provided by arduino is 5V.
Fig.8: Arduino UNO
The counseled input voltage can vary from 7v to 12V. The
input voltage ranges from 6v to 20V. The nonvolatile
storage is thirty two computer memory unit. It encompass
fourteen digital input and output pins. It conjointly
encompass six analog input pins. Arduino artificial
language are often divided in 3 main parts: functions,
values (variables and constants), and structure.
5.4 GSM Module
Global System for Mobile communication (GSM) is the
most frequently used in mobile phones, all over the world.
Around 4.5 billion people from more than 214 countries
use GSM for mobile phone operation. Both signaling and
speech channels are digitalized.
It consist of (2G) Second Generation mobile phone
system. Similarly GSM EDGE is the version 3rd protocol.
Moreover GSM is designed using second generation
cellular technology by using TDMA or FDMA system.
For booting the GSM module initial, insert the SIM card to
GSM module and lock it. Then connect the adapter to
GSM module and switch it ON. Currently sit up for it slow
(say two minute) and see the blinking rate of ‘status LED’
(GSM module can take it slow to determine reference to
mobile network). Once the association is established with
success, the status/network light-emitting diode can blink
unceasingly each three seconds. you'll strive creating a

ISSN: 2456-2319
decision to the mobile range of the sim card within GSM
module. If you hear a hoop back, the GSM module has
with success established the network association.
Fig.9: GSM Module
5.5 LCD Display
Liquid crystal displays (LCDs) are a commonly used to
display data in devices such as calculators, microwave
ovens, air conditioners and many other electronic devices.
Fig.10: LCD Display
We can easily interface a liquid crystal display (LCD) with
an Arduino to provide a user interface. These LCDs are
available in many sizes (16×2 1602, 20×4 2004, 16×1
etc.), but they all use the same HD44780 parallel interface
LCD controller chip from Hitachi. This means you can
easily swap them. You will only need to change the size
specifications in your Arduino programming code.
To run your display simply, you ought to use Arduino
LCDs libraries and add them to your code. Otherwise
running the show could also be terribly troublesome. There
ar several free libraries you'll notice on the net however the
necessary purpose concerning the libraries is their
compatibility with the LCD's driver. The pin reference to
arduino is as, Pin four of the show (RS pin) is connected to
pin twelve of the Arduino, whereas pin vi of the show (RS
change pin) is connected to pin eleven of the Arduino.
knowledge from the Arduino to be showed on the liquid
crystal display display run via pins eleven, 12, thirteen and
fourteen of the show.
5.6 LED Bulb
LED (Light Emitting Diodes) bulbs or lights are used in
the projects to indicate some instructions such as to
indicate whether the power supply is ON or not.
Fig.11: LED
To turn on AN light-emitting diode, the Arduino has to
send a HIGH signal to at least one of it's pins. to show off
the light-emitting diode, it has to send a coffee signal to
the pin. you'll create the light-emitting diode flash by
dynamic the length of the HIGH and LOW states. for
every light-emitting diode connect the positive aspect
(longer leg of LED) to digital pins on the Arduino
victimisation jumper wires. Connect one finish of the wire
to a similar row of the positive aspect of the light-emitting
diode and connect the opposite aspect of the wire to digital
pins.
VI. RESULT AND CONCLUSION
The above project develops a “Wireless Patient
Monitoring System using IoT” which is capable as well as
used to monitor the temperature and pulse of a patient. The
special function of this project is that it can monitor the
moving patients rather than a stationary patient. This
system or device is small in size so it is also a portable
system.
This system ensures to the patients that it receives medical
attention in the nick of time before it is too late by a
doctor. This project help in enormous application for
human health care environment. Continuous monitoring of

ISSN: 2456-2319
health of a patient is cost effective and it can save life of
many peoples.
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