Wireless Systems

Wireless Systems
Mahin Ahmed(B13101048)
Saqib Ahmed(B13101121)
Syed Muhammad Bilal Imam(B13101148)
By

Agenda
 Introduction
 1G
 2G
 2.5G & 2.75G
 3G
 4G
 5G
 Applications
 Services
 Conclusion

Introduction
What is Wireless ?
 Wireless is a term used to describe telecommunications in which electromagnetic waves carry the
signal over part or all of the communication path.
 In networking terminology , wireless is the term used to describe any computer network where
there is no physical wired connection between sender and receiver.
 Examples of wireless networks include cell phone networks, Wi-Fi local networks and terrestrial
microwave networks.

1G – History ,Feature & Drawbacks
 The first commercially automated cellular network(1G or 1st Generation) was Launched in Japan(metropolitan
area of Tokyo) by Nippon Telegraph and Telephone (NTT) in 1979.
In 1981, the Nordic Mobile Telephone (NMT) system simultaneously in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden.
In 1983, the first 1G network launched in the USA was Chicago-based Ameritech using the
Motorola DynaTAC mobile phone.
FEATURES DRAWBACKS
It's Speed was up to 2.4kbps. Poor Voice Quality .
It allows the voice calls in 1 country. Poor Battery Life .
1G network use Analog Signal. Large Phone Size.
AMPS was first launched in USA in 1G mobile systems. No Security.
Limited Capacity.
Poor Handoff Reliability.

2G – History ,Features & Drawbacks
 2G is short for second-generation (Wireless Telephone Technology).
 2G or Second generation cellular telecom networks were commercially launched on the GSM standard in Finland in 1991.
 2G introduced data services for mobile, starting with SMS text messages.
FEATURES DRAWBACKS
In 2G Narrow Bands Wireless Digital Network is used. Weaker digital signal.
In 2G the roaming facility semi-global facility is available. Angular decay curve.
It enables services such as text messages, Picture messages Reduced range of sound.
and MMS.
It provides better quality and capacity . Unable to handle complex data such as videos etc.

2.5G & 2.75G – History
2.5G
2.5G, which stands for "second and a half generation," is a cellular wireless technology
developed in between its predecessor, 2G, and its successor, 3G.
2.5G" is an informal term, invented solely for marketing purposes, unlike "2G" or
"3G" which are officially defined standards by ITU.
The term "2.5G" usually describes a 2G cellular system combined with General Packet
Radio Services (GPRS).
2.75G
2.75G is a term occasionally used to refer to EDGE data connectivity.
It is faster than GPRS (sometimes called 2.5G).
It is slower than typical 3G networks.
EDGE is an official ITU ratified 3G technology.
Typical EDGE implementations generally do not obtain 3G data rates.

 3G Technology refers to Third Generation which was introduced in year 2000s.
 Data Transmission speed increased from 144kbps-2Mbps.
 Typically called Smart Phones and features increased its bandwidth and data transfer rates.
FEATURES DRAWBACKS
Providing Faster Communication. Expensive fees for 3G Licenses Services.
Send/Receive Large Email Message. It was challenge to build the infrastructure for 3G.
Streaming/ Mobile TV/ Phone Calls. High Bandwidth Requirement.
High Speed Web/ More Security/ Video Conferencing/ 3D Gaming. Expensive 3G Phones.
TV Large Capacities and Broadband Capabilities.

 4G or Fourth Generation, is the generation of Mobile Telecommunications technology, succeeding 3G.
 The next generations of wireless technology that promises higher data rates and expanded multimedia services.
 One of the basic term used to describe 4G is MAGIC.
 M= Mobile Multimedia
 A= Anytime Anywhere
 G= Global Mobility Support
 I = Integrated Wireless Solution
 C= Customized Personal Services
FEATURES DRAWBACKS
More Security. Battery uses is more.
High Speed. Hard to implement.
High Capacity. Need complicated hardware.
Low Cost Per-bit etc. Expensive equipment required to implement next generation network.
Combination of Wi-Fi and Wi-Max.

5G – History & Features
 5G or 5th Generation Wireless Systems denotes the next major phase of mobile telecommunications standards.
 It is beyond the current 4G/IMT-Advanced standards. 5G has speeds beyond what the current 4G can offer.
 The Next Generation Mobile Networks Alliance feels that 5G should be rolled out by 2020 to meet business and consumer demands.
FEATURES
 High Speed, High Capacity
 5G technology providing large broadcasting of data in Gbps.
 Multi - Media Newspapers, watch T.V programs with the clarity as to that of an HD Quality.
 Faster data transmission that of the previous generations.
 Large Phone Memory, Dialing Speed, clarity in Audio/Video.
 5G is More Effective and More Attractive.

5G – Requirements by MNA
The Next Generation Mobile Networks Alliance requirements for 5G:
 Data rates of several tens of Mbps for Ten Thousands of Users.
 1 Gbps to be offered simultaneously.
 Several hundreds of thousands of simultaneous connections to be supported.
 Spectral efficiency should be significantly enhanced compared to 4G.
 Coverage should be improved.
 Signaling efficiency should be enhanced.
 Latency should be reduced significantly compared to LTE.

Application
 Wireless applications are those which we use free space as the transmission medium & do not involve
cabling like fibre or Copper Cables.

Services
Wireless solution for :
 Business and Industry.
 Schools , Colleges.
 Doctors , Pilots.
 Police and Vehicles etc.

Conclusion
 Wireless technology will play a vital role in many applications areas that are not possible is the past wireless underwater
communication would be one of them.
 The main challenges related to secure time synchronization, localization and routing have been surveyed.
 The use of wireless technology may prove to be a very useful means of saving the lives of many development countries.

Wireless Systems

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Wireless Systems