Writing your Introduction 2019 Week 5
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The document discusses writing introductions. It begins by outlining the syllabus for an academic writing course, which includes topics like IMRaD structure, common errors, strategic planning, titles/abstracts/introductions, and writing each section of a research paper. It then focuses on writing introductions, noting the importance of using a "They Say/I Say" framework to establish what has been said about the topic and how your work contributes to the discussion. Typical problems in introductions like including extraneous information are also mentioned. The document provides examples of student feedback and discusses using resources and support for writing.
!["They Say, I Say"
• "(A) writer needs to indicate not only
what his or her thesis is, but also what
larger conversation that thesis is
responding to." (p. 20)
• "(W)hen is comes to constructing an
argument […], remember that you are
entering a conversation and therefore
need to start with 'what others are
saying'…" (p. 20)](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/writingyourintroduction2019-190925150346/85/Writing-your-Introduction-2019-Week-5-33-320.jpg)
Writing your Introduction 2019 Week 5
- 1. Writing your introduction Prof. Dr. Ron Martinez PRPPG7000 - Academic Writing in English
- 2. Syllabus outline • 28/08 - Introduction • 04/09 - IMRaD, Most common errors, electronic tools • 11/09 - Strategic planning for your article: CARS and other approaches • 18/09 - Title, Abstract e Introduction • 25/09 - Writing your Introduction • 02/10 - Coherence, cohesion and clarity, and use of authorial voice • 09/10 - (Introduction due) The Method and Results sections • 16/10- The Discussion section • 23/10 - Discussing and Concluding • 30/10 - Writing (no class) • 06/11 - Students exchange articles (no class) • 13/11 - (peer feedback due) Special guest speaker • 20/11 - Plagiarism, the submission process
- 3. Today... • your Introduction writing process • importance of “They Say/I Say” in shaping the Introduction • typical problems in the Introduction • peer feedback
- 4. From “Julie” “We wrote the introduction some time ago, but now with the guidelines of the C.A.R.S. everything is clearer. We also used the corpus to help us. We are happy with the result of the writing of the introduction. My advisor is very collaborative and always helps me to write and review the writing both in Portuguese and English.”
- 5. From “Josie” “No que diz respeito aos recursos, tenho recorrido ao CAPA, ja tive umas 3 orientações com a equipe, além de participar do dia da escrita. Quanto ao envolvimento da minha orientadora, entendo que, ao mesmo tempo que me deu autonomia para escrever, acabou faltando um pouco de sugestões de melhorias, pois as revisões dela tiveram (em sua maioria) o foco na correção do que foi escrito, o que é de extrema importância também.”
- 6. From “Josie” “No que diz respeito aos recursos, tenho recorrido ao CAPA, ja tive umas 3 orientações com a equipe, além de participar do dia da escrita. Quanto ao envolvimento da minha orientadora, entendo que, ao mesmo tempo que me deu autonomia para escrever, acabou faltando um pouco de sugestões de melhorias, pois as revisões dela tiveram (em sua maioria) o foco na correção do que foi escrito, o que é de extrema importância também.”
- 14. Sent from student Rafael:
- 15. Sent from student Rafael:
- 20. Good introduction? Much was written on interaction in electroacoustic mixed works. Several analytical strategies have been published, such as Menezes (2002), Bachratá(2012), O'Callaghan; Eigenfeldt (2010), as well as on the techniques (CAMPOS 2005; ROWE, 1993), and on aesthetics aspects (BREIBJBERG, 2011; GARNETT, 2001, ROWE, 1999) of this kind of interaction. However, until now, few efforts were made to relate these actions. In this research, we intend to contribute with some of this proposes in order to delineate aspects of the interaction in this repertoire. Our attention will be in aesthetics issues, but, for this, we will also refer to the mentioned fields.
- 21. Good introduction? Much was written on interaction in electroacoustic mixed works. Several analytical strategies have been published, such as Menezes (2002), Bachratá(2012), O'Callaghan; Eigenfeldt (2010), as well as on the techniques (CAMPOS 2005; ROWE, 1993), and on aesthetics aspects (BREIBJBERG, 2011; GARNETT, 2001, ROWE, 1999) of this kind of interaction. However, until now, few efforts were made to relate these actions. In this research, we intend to contribute with some of this proposes in order to delineate aspects of the interaction in this repertoire. Our attention will be in aesthetics issues, but, for this, we will also refer to the mentioned fields.
- 22. Good introduction? Much was written on interaction in electroacoustic mixed works. Several analytical strategies have been published, such as Menezes (2002), Bachratá(2012), O'Callaghan; Eigenfeldt (2010), as well as on the techniques (CAMPOS 2005; ROWE, 1993), and on aesthetics aspects (BREIBJBERG, 2011; GARNETT, 2001, ROWE, 1999) of this kind of interaction. However, until now, few efforts were made to relate these actions. In this research, we intend to contribute with some of this proposes in order to delineate aspects of the interaction in this repertoire. Our attention will be in aesthetics issues, but, for this, we will also refer to the mentioned fields.
- 23. Good introduction? Much was written on interaction in electroacoustic mixed works. Several analytical strategies have been published, such as Menezes (2002), Bachratá(2012), O'Callaghan; Eigenfeldt (2010), as well as on the techniques (CAMPOS 2005; ROWE, 1993), and on aesthetics aspects (BREIBJBERG, 2011; GARNETT, 2001, ROWE, 1999) of this kind of interaction. However, until now, few efforts were made to relate these actions. In this research, we intend to contribute with some of this proposes in order to delineate aspects of the interaction in this repertoire. Our attention will be in aesthetics issues, but, for this, we will also refer to the mentioned fields.
- 24. Much was written on interaction in electroacoustic mixed works. Several analytical strategies have been published, such as Menezes (2002), Bachratá(2012), O'Callaghan; Eigenfeldt (2010), as well as on the techniques (CAMPOS 2005; ROWE, 1993), and on aesthetics aspects (BREIBJBERG, 2011; GARNETT, 2001, ROWE, 1999) of this kind of interaction. However, until now, few efforts were made to relate these actions. In this research, we intend to contribute with some of this proposes in order to delineate aspects of the interaction in this repertoire. Our attention will be in aesthetics issues, but, for this, we will also refer to the mentioned fields.
- 25. Much has been written on interaction in electroacoustic mixed works. Several analytical strategies have been published, such as Menezes (2002), Bachratá(2012), O'Callaghan; Eigenfeldt (2010), as well as on the techniques (CAMPOS 2005; ROWE, 1993), and on aesthetics aspects (BREIBJBERG, 2011; GARNETT, 2001, ROWE, 1999) of this kind of interaction. However, until now, few efforts were made to relate these actions. In this research, we intend to contribute with some of this proposes in order to delineate aspects of the interaction in this repertoire. Our attention will be in aesthetics issues, but, for this, we will also refer to the mentioned fields.
- 26. Much has been written on interaction in electroacoustic mixed works. Several analytical strategies have been published, such as Menezes (2002), Bachratá(2012), O'Callaghan; Eigenfeldt (2010), as well as on the techniques (CAMPOS 2005; ROWE, 1993), and on aesthetics aspects (BREIBJBERG, 2011; GARNETT, 2001, ROWE, 1999) of this kind of interaction. However, until now, few efforts were made to relate these actions. In this research, we intend to contribute with some of this proposes in order to delineate aspects of the interaction in this repertoire. Our attention will be in aesthetics issues, but, for this, we will also refer to the mentioned fields.
- 27. Much has been written on interaction in electroacoustic mixed works. Several analytical strategies have been published, such as Menezes (2002), Bachratá(2012), O'Callaghan; Eigenfeldt (2010), as well as on the techniques (CAMPOS 2005; ROWE, 1993), and on aesthetics aspects (BREIBJBERG, 2011; GARNETT, 2001, ROWE, 1999) of this kind of interaction. However, until now, few efforts have been made to relate these actions. In this research, we intend to contribute with some of this proposes in order to delineate aspects of the interaction in this repertoire. Our attention will be in aesthetics issues, but, for this, we will also refer to the mentioned fields.
- 28. Much has been written on interaction in electroacoustic mixed works. Several analytical strategies have been published, such as Menezes (2002), Bachratá(2012), O'Callaghan; Eigenfeldt (2010), as well as on the techniques (CAMPOS 2005; ROWE, 1993), and on aesthetics aspects (BREIBJBERG, 2011; GARNETT, 2001, ROWE, 1999) of this kind of interaction. However, until now, few efforts have been made to relate these actions. In this research, we intend to contribute with some of this proposes in order to delineate aspects of the interaction in this repertoire. Our attention will be in aesthetics issues, but, for this, we will also refer to the mentioned fields.
- 29. Much has been written on interaction in electroacoustic mixed works. Several analytical strategies have been published, such as Menezes (2002), Bachratá(2012), O'Callaghan; Eigenfeldt (2010), as well as on the techniques (CAMPOS 2005; ROWE, 1993), and on aesthetics aspects (BREIBJBERG, 2011; GARNETT, 2001, ROWE, 1999) of this kind of interaction. However, until now, few efforts have been made to relate these actions. In this research, we intend to contribute with some of this proposes in order to delineate aspects of the interaction in this repertoire. Our attention will be in aesthetics issues, but, for this, we will also refer to the mentioned fields.
- 33. "They Say, I Say" • "(A) writer needs to indicate not only what his or her thesis is, but also what larger conversation that thesis is responding to." (p. 20) • "(W)hen is comes to constructing an argument […], remember that you are entering a conversation and therefore need to start with 'what others are saying'…" (p. 20)
- 40. “THEY SAY”
- 42. INTRODUCTION
- 47. In biology we have a lot of data to analyze and bioinformatics has emerged to aid in the analysis of large amounts of data. Some of the forms used today are graphical representations of biological networks, so it is possible to make a more efficient analysis of certain data. Many tools have already been produced in order to provide better visualization and understanding of the data. Many who enter bioinformatics have only one side of training, biology or computer science, this leads to a larger learning curve most of the time and although there are several software to aid in research and analysis, people do not always know the which is better or which is going to fit your research better, and sometimes do not even know if using the software will help something in your research. A comparison between the existing software will be done demonstrating the ups and downs of each software and the best application for each one, verifying the attributes such as speed, complexity, accuracy, ergonomics, among others. The interfaces will also be analyzed, how the interaction between the software and the user and what are the purposes of each software. Mainly the plotted networks and the results given by each software will be analyzed, showing what each one shows or does not show and its best application.
- 48. In biology we have a lot of data to analyze and bioinformatics has emerged to aid in the analysis of large amounts of data. Some of the forms used today are graphical representations of biological networks, so it is possible to make a more efficient analysis of certain data. Many tools have already been produced in order to provide better visualization and understanding of the data. Many who enter bioinformatics have only one side of training, biology or computer science, this leads to a larger learning curve most of the time and although there are several software to aid in research and analysis, people do not always know the which is better or which is going to fit your research better, and sometimes do not even know if using the software will help something in your research. A comparison between the existing software will be done demonstrating the ups and downs of each software and the best application for each one, verifying the attributes such as speed, complexity, accuracy, ergonomics, among others. The interfaces will also be analyzed, how the interaction between the software and the user and what are the purposes of each software. Mainly the plotted networks and the results given by each software will be analyzed, showing what each one shows or does not show and its best application.
- 49. In biology we have a lot of data to analyze and bioinformatics has emerged to aid in the analysis of large amounts of data. Some of the forms used today are graphical representations of biological networks, so it is possible to make a more efficient analysis of certain data. Many tools have already been produced in order to provide better visualization and understanding of the data. Many who enter bioinformatics have only one side of training, biology or computer science, this leads to a larger learning curve most of the time and although there are several software to aid in research and analysis, people do not always know the which is better or which is going to fit your research better, and sometimes do not even know if using the software will help something in your research. A comparison between the existing software will be done demonstrating the ups and downs of each software and the best application for each one, verifying the attributes such as speed, complexity, accuracy, ergonomics, among others. The interfaces will also be analyzed, how the interaction between the software and the user and what are the purposes of each software. Mainly the plotted networks and the results given by each software will be analyzed, showing what each one shows or does not show and its best application.
- 50. In biology we have a lot of data to analyze and bioinformatics has emerged to aid in the analysis of large amounts of data. Some of the forms used today are graphical representations of biological networks, so it is possible to make a more efficient analysis of certain data. Many tools have already been produced in order to provide better visualization and understanding of the data. Many who enter bioinformatics have only one side of training, biology or computer science, this leads to a larger learning curve most of the time and although there are several software to aid in research and analysis, people do not always know the which is better or which is going to fit your research better, and sometimes do not even know if using the software will help something in your research. A comparison between the existing software will be done demonstrating the ups and downs of each software and the best application for each one, verifying the attributes such as speed, complexity, accuracy, ergonomics, among others. The interfaces will also be analyzed, how the interaction between the software and the user and what are the purposes of each software. Mainly the plotted networks and the results given by each software will be analyzed, showing what each one shows or does not show and its best application.
- 51. In biology we have a lot of data to analyze and bioinformatics has emerged to aid in the analysis of large amounts of data. Some of the forms used today are graphical representations of biological networks, so it is possible to make a more efficient analysis of certain data. Many tools have already been produced in order to provide better visualization and understanding of the data. Many who enter bioinformatics have only one side of training, biology or computer science, this leads to a larger learning curve most of the time and although there are several software to aid in research and analysis, people do not always know the which is better or which is going to fit your research better, and sometimes do not even know if using the software will help something in your research. A comparison between the existing software will be done demonstrating the ups and downs of each software and the best application for each one, verifying the attributes such as speed, complexity, accuracy, ergonomics, among others. The interfaces will also be analyzed, how the interaction between the software and the user and what are the purposes of each software. Mainly the plotted networks and the results given by each software will be analyzed, showing what each one shows or does not show and its best application.
- 52. Be careful with “extraneous information” in your Introduction!
- 54. In biology we have a lot of data to analyze and bioinformatics has emerged to aid in the analysis of large amounts of data. Some of the forms used today are graphical representations of biological networks, so it is possible to make a more efficient analysis of certain data. Many tools have already been produced in order to provide better visualization and understanding of the data. Many who enter bioinformatics have only one side of training, biology or computer science, this leads to a larger learning curve most of the time and although there are several software to aid in research and analysis, people do not always know the which is better or which is going to fit your research better, and sometimes do not even know if using the software will help something in your research. A comparison between the existing software will be done demonstrating the ups and downs of each software and the best application for each one, verifying the attributes such as speed, complexity, accuracy, ergonomics, among others. The interfaces will also be analyzed, how the interaction between the software and the user and what are the purposes of each software. Mainly the plotted networks and the results given by each software will be analyzed, showing what each one shows or does not show and its best application.
- 55. In biology we have a lot of data to analyze and bioinformatics has emerged to aid in the analysis of large amounts of data. Some of the forms used today are graphical representations of biological networks, so it is possible to make a more efficient analysis of certain data. Many tools have already been produced in order to provide better visualization and understanding of the data. Many who enter bioinformatics have only one side of training, biology or computer science, this leads to a larger learning curve most of the time and although there are several software to aid in research and analysis, people do not always know the which is better or which is going to fit your research better, and sometimes do not even know if using the software will help something in your research. A comparison between the existing software will be done demonstrating the ups and downs of each software and the best application for each one, verifying the attributes such as speed, complexity, accuracy, ergonomics, among others. The interfaces will also be analyzed, how the interaction between the software and the user and what are the purposes of each software. Mainly the plotted networks and the results given by each software will be analyzed, showing what each one shows or does not show and its best application.
- 56. In biology we have a lot of data to analyze and bioinformatics has emerged to aid in the analysis of large amounts of data. Some of the forms used today are graphical representations of biological networks, so it is possible to make a more efficient analysis of certain data. Many tools have already been produced in order to provide better visualization and understanding of the data. Many who enter bioinformatics have only one side of training, biology or computer science, this leads to a larger learning curve most of the time and although there are several software to aid in research and analysis, people do not always know the which is better or which is going to fit your research better, and sometimes do not even know if using the software will help something in your research. A comparison between the existing software will be done demonstrating the ups and downs of each software and the best application for each one, verifying the attributes such as speed, complexity, accuracy, ergonomics, among others. The interfaces will also be analyzed, how the interaction between the software and the user and what are the purposes of each software. Mainly the plotted networks and the results given by each software will be analyzed, showing what each one shows or does not show and its best application.
- 57. In biology we have a lot of data to analyze and bioinformatics has emerged to aid in the analysis of large amounts of data. Some of the forms used today are graphical representations of biological networks, so it is possible to make a more efficient analysis of certain data. Many tools have already been produced in order to provide better visualization and understanding of the data. Many who enter bioinformatics have only one side of training, biology or computer science, this leads to a larger learning curve most of the time and although there are several software to aid in research and analysis, people do not always know the which is better or which is going to fit your research better, and sometimes do not even know if using the software will help something in your research. A comparison between the existing software will be done demonstrating the ups and downs of each software and the best application for each one, verifying the attributes such as speed, complexity, accuracy, ergonomics, among others. The interfaces will also be analyzed, how the interaction between the software and the user and what are the purposes of each software. Mainly the plotted networks and the results given by each software will be analyzed, showing what each one shows or does not show and its best application.
- 58. In biology we have a lot of data to analyze and bioinformatics has emerged to aid in the analysis of large amounts of data. Some of the forms used today are graphical representations of biological networks, so it is possible to make a more efficient analysis of certain data. Many tools have already been produced in order to provide better visualization and understanding of the data. Many who enter bioinformatics have only one side of training, biology or computer science, this leads to a larger learning curve most of the time and although there are several software to aid in research and analysis, people do not always know the which is better or which is going to fit your research better, and sometimes do not even know if using the software will help something in your research. A comparison between the existing software will be done demonstrating the ups and downs of each software and the best application for each one, verifying the attributes such as speed, complexity, accuracy, ergonomics, among others. The interfaces will also be analyzed, how the interaction between the software and the user and what are the purposes of each software. Mainly the plotted networks and the results given by each software will be analyzed, showing what each one shows or does not show and its best application.
- 59. In biology we have a lot of data to analyze and bioinformatics has emerged to aid in the analysis of large amounts of data. Some of the forms used today are graphical representations of biological networks, so it is possible to make a more efficient analysis of certain data. Many tools have already been produced in order to provide better visualization and understanding of the data. Many who enter bioinformatics have only one side of training, biology or computer science, this leads to a larger learning curve most of the time and although there are several software to aid in research and analysis, people do not always know the which is better or which is going to fit your research better, and sometimes do not even know if using the software will help something in your research. A comparison between the existing software will be done demonstrating the ups and downs of each software and the best application for each one, verifying the attributes such as speed, complexity, accuracy, ergonomics, among others. The interfaces will also be analyzed, how the interaction between the software and the user and what are the purposes of each software. Mainly the plotted networks and the results given by each software will be analyzed, showing what each one shows or does not show and its best application.
- 60. In biology we have a lot of data to analyze and bioinformatics has emerged to aid in the analysis of large amounts of data. Some of the forms used today are graphical representations of biological networks, so it is possible to make a more efficient analysis of certain data. Many tools have already been produced in order to provide better visualization and understanding of the data. Many who enter bioinformatics have only one side of training, biology or computer science, this leads to a larger learning curve most of the time and although there are several software to aid in research and analysis, people do not always know the which is better or which is going to fit your research better, and sometimes do not even know if using the software will help something in your research. Many who enter bioinformatics have only one side of training, biology or computer science, this leads to a larger learning curve most of the timeA comparison between the existing software will be done demonstrating the ups and downs of each software and the best application for each one, verifying the attributes such as speed, complexity, accuracy, ergonomics, among others. The interfaces will also be analyzed, how the interaction between the software and the user and what are the purposes of each software. ...
- 61. In biology we have a lot of data to analyze and bioinformatics has emerged to aid in the analysis of large amounts of data. Some of the forms used today are graphical representations of biological networks, so it is possible to make a more efficient analysis of certain data. Many tools have already been produced in order to provide better visualization and understanding of the data. Many who enter bioinformatics have only one side of training, biology or computer science, this leads to a larger learning curve most of the time and although there are several software to aid in research and analysis, people do not always know the which is better or which is going to fit their research better, and sometimes do not even know if using the software will help at all in their research. Many who enter bioinformatics have only one side of training, biology or computer science, this leads to a larger learning curve most of the timeA comparison between the existing software will be done demonstrating the ups and downs of each software and the best application for each one, verifying the attributes such as speed, complexity, accuracy, ergonomics, among others. The interfaces will also be analyzed, how the interaction between the software and the user and what are the purposes of each software. ...
- 62. In biology we have a lot of data to analyze and bioinformatics has emerged to aid in the analysis of large amounts of data. Some of the forms used today are graphical representations of biological networks, so it is possible to make a more efficient analysis of certain data. Many tools have already been produced in order to provide better visualization and understanding of the data. Many who enter bioinformatics have only one side of training, biology or computer science, this leads to a larger learning curve most of the time and although there are several software to aid in research and analysis, people do not always know the which is better or which is going to fit their research better, and sometimes do not even know if using the software will help at all in their research. After all, many who enter bioinformatics have only one side of training, biology or computer science, and this leads to a larger learning curve most of the timeA comparison between the existing software will be done demonstrating the ups and downs of each software and the best application for each one, verifying the attributes such as speed, complexity, accuracy, ergonomics, among others. The interfaces will also be analyzed, how the interaction between the software and the user and what are the purposes of each software. ...
- 63. In biology we have a lot of data to analyze and bioinformatics has emerged to aid in the analysis of large amounts of data. Some of the forms used today are graphical representations of biological networks, so it is possible to make a more efficient analysis of certain data. Many tools have already been produced in order to provide better visualization and understanding of the data. Many who enter bioinformatics have only one side of training, biology or computer science, this leads to a larger learning curve most of the time and although there are several software to aid in research and analysis, people do not always know the which is better or which is going to fit their research better, and sometimes do not even know if using the software will help at all in their research. After all, many who enter bioinformatics have only one side of training, biology or computer science, and this leads to a larger learning curve most of the time Therefore, a comparison between the existing software will be done demonstrating the ups and downs of each software and the best application for each one, verifying the attributes such as speed, complexity, accuracy, ergonomics, among others. The interfaces will also be analyzed, how the interaction between the software and the user and what are the purposes of each software. ...
- 65. 1) Identify problems. 2) How to improve? There were three little pigs, of different ages. There was a wolf nearby. They needed to build a home. The first pig decided to build a house of straw. The second built a house of sticks. Its name was Porky. The third pig took longer to build his house. His house was made of bricks. Bricks are a more expensive material. A hungry wolf came to eat the pigs. The pigs hid inside their homes. The wolf easily blew down the first house. It took longer to blow down the second house, but the wolf did it. The third house was made of bricks. It was impossible to blow down.
- 66. Now talk about your Introduction 1. If you your Introduction today… a. First talk about your research to your partner/group b. Then ask for feedback (e.g. identifiable CARS) 2. If you don’t have a printed Introduction today… a. Talk about how you are currently “conceptualizing” your Introduction b. Give feedback to others 3. If you are in the “remote” group, and you are alone… i. Re-read your Introduction considering today’s points
- 67. On our site... 1. Download an Introduction (choose Portuguese or English). 2. Identify any problems (for example, extraneous information). 3. Try to “fix” the problems. Consult with another person.
- 68. Homework • Task on Go Formative • Write, write, write!