Theological foundations part 4
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The document discusses several key aspects of Christian theology: 1) The incarnation - how God became human in Jesus, who was born of Mary but also divine, experienced human life but claimed divine power and identity. 2) Views of atonement - how Christ's death brings reconciliation, including ransom, satisfaction, penal substitution, and moral influence theories. 3) The resurrection - how Christ rising from the dead can change the world according to the Gospel accounts. 4) The kingdom of God - what it refers to, including realized, future, and already/not yet perspectives, and how Jesus and the church relate to it.
Theological foundations part 4
- 1. God in Christ and Reconciliation Week 4
- 4. The Incarnation How Can God Become Human?
- 5. The Bible Says… Born to Mary Had syblings Experienced bodily functions (eating, drinking, etc.) Experienced human emotion Experienced real pain and suffering Was tempted in every way Was a friend to “sinners” Was distrusted by the “righteous” Physically died Physically rose from the dead He claimed… Power to forgive sins To be one with the Father To be the way, the truth, and the life To be the vine To be “I AM”
- 6. Is the Virgin Birth Important? The Impact of Augustinian Theology Seminal Headship, Sex transmits sin, Therefore, sex is bad Mary couldn’t have had sex Leads to Mary’s immaculate conception
- 7. Is the Virgin Birth Important? From Guthrie… The proper analogy here is not the physical process of procreation but God’s original creation of all things “out of nothing” when God simply spoke and it was done. The “sinfulness” was not sex, but the male! The doctrine is only a way of stating the mystery that it did in fact happen.
- 8. Six attempts to explain the God/Man Ebionism Arianism Eutychianism Docetism Nestorianism Appolinarianism
- 9. Implications of the Incarnation Jesus was a real Human Being A Jew Experienced need and limitation Tempted to sin Lived without sin: He fulfilled his true humanity in the image of God What if…his miracles were not because of his divinity, but because of his fulfilled humanity? Was sinless because he was a friend of sinners. Was a dangerous human being…he upset the apple cart
- 10. Implications of the Incarnation God with us is a shocking reversal The Exaltation of Humanity The Self-Humiliation of God From Guthrie… The idea that the Son of God is to be great and powerful on earth and lord it over people is the idea of the devil. (p. 246)
- 11. Discussion How would you answer someone who said that the story of Jesus’ birth is just another example of the many myths in ancient religions about gods coming miraculously to earth in human form (from the textbook)?
- 12. Atonement How Can the Death of One Man Correct the Sin Problem?
- 13. The Bible Says… The Old Testament Caphar – to cover, purge, make an atonement, make reconciliation, cover over with pitch. The Passover Lamb The killing of animals (or grain)
- 14. The Bible Says… The New Testament hilastarion – the mercy seat (its hilarious) Katalasso -- With the thought of “change” predominating, this word can mean “to change,” “to exchange,” and “to reconcile” or “reconcile oneself.”
- 15. Views of the Atonement Ransom- God paid off the Devil Satisfaction- God’s anger was appeased Penal Substitution – Our sentence was taken out on Jesus Moral Influence Jesus demonstrated God’s way of love
- 16. Discussion Which of the biblical images describing the atonement is most helpful to you? Which would be most helpful in expressing the meaning of Christ’s death to a non-Christian (Guthrie, 268)?
- 17. Resurrection How Can A Person Rising From the Dead Change the World?
- 19. Taking the Easter Challenge “Compare the versions of the Easter story in Matthew 28:1-20; Mark 16:1-19; Luke 24:1-51; John 20:1-21, 25-27; and 1 Corinthians 15:1-8.” (Guthrie, 287) Focus on the sequence and uniqueness of each passage.
- 20. The Kingdom of God Is Jesus Lord?
- 21. What is the Kingdom of God? Future (Two Views) We bring it in, so get busy Jesus brings it, so just wait Realized Jesus is the Kingdom, it is “at hand” and we are invited to join Him in it. Already, but not Yet
- 22. From George Ladd – Jesus and the Kingdom The church is not the kingdom. The kingdom creates the church. The church witnesses to the kingdom The church is the instrument of the kingdom. The church is the custodian of the kingdom.
- 23. Discussion What do we mean in the Lord’s Prayer when we pray, “Thy kingdom come,” and then end by saying, “For thine is the kingdom, and the power, and glory”?