hilda-taba.pdf
- 1. HILDA TABA MODEL OF CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT The success of our educational endeavours rests on careful planning, without which disorder and chaos will result. The need to plan effective curricula cannot be denied. From such curriculum plans a model for curriculum development will emerge. For the construction of a curriculum, thought has to be given to goals, content, learning experiences, methods and evaluation. Curricular approaches also focus on different aspects like subject matter, learners and society. Hence there are various ways to define curriculum-development for which several models can be developed. Most models can be classified as either technical or scientific models and non-technical or non- scientific. The classification of a model as non-technical or non-scientific should not be seen in a negative light. Instead those educators who emphasize subject, matter approaches adopt the scientific or technical approach to curriculum development. Advocates of learner-centered and problem centered designs formulate non-technical or non-scientific curriculum designs. TECHNICAL SCIENTIFIC MODEL According to this point of view, “Curriculum development is basically a plan for structuring the environment to coordinate in an orderly manner the elements of time, space. materials, equipment and personnel.” (Feyereisn, 1970.) The curriculum can be comprehended from a macro or broad point of view and its prime objective is the education of the individual. It enables the educationists to work with a plan in mind. Curricula can thus be planned to achieve optimal student learning, through a scientific organization of its components into a complex unit. Let us discuss the Taba’s Model under the Technical- Scientific Approach. Taba’s Model: Hilda Taba advocated that those who use curriculum should be the curriculum designers as well. She believed That teachers should create specific teaching-learning situations for their students. They should adopt an inductive approach to teaching i.e. from specific to general rather than the traditional deductive approach, starting from general and building to the specifics. Taba’s grassroots model has seven steps as listed below, advocating a major role for teachers. These are:
- 2. Diagnosis of Needs Identify needs of students for whom curriculum is to be planned Formulation of Objectives Specify the objectives by which needs will be fulfilled Selection of content Select subject matter based on objectives and determine the validity of the chosen content Organization of the content Arrange the content in a particular sequence keeping in mind the maturity of learners, academic achievement, interests etc. Selection of learning experiences Facilitate interaction of learners with content through appropriate instructional methodology. Organization of learning activities The learning activities be organized in a sequence depending both on content sequence and learner characteristics. Evaluation To assess the achievement of learning objectives, evaluation procedures needed to be devised. Taba’s grass root model emphasizes that a broad base of involvement is necessary for curriculum decision-making. However, in spite - of its having several merits its weaknesses are as follows: — The model has employed the concept of participatory democracy to a highly technical, complex and specialized process, and this will not guarantee effective curricula. — It takes for granted that teachers have the time and expertise to engage in such extensive curricular activities. (Hunkins and Omstein, 1988.)