Questionnaire- data collection tool
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This document discusses questionnaires as a tool for data collection in nursing research. It defines questionnaires as structured self-report instruments used to gather information from subjects through written or verbal responses. The document outlines the key features, types, questions, format, administration, advantages, and limitations of questionnaires. It emphasizes that questionnaires are commonly used in descriptive nursing studies to gather a broad spectrum of information from subjects about facts, beliefs, attitudes, opinions, and knowledge.
Questionnaire- data collection tool
- 1. QUESTIONNAIRRE AS A TOOL FOR DATA COLLECTION ANANDGOWDA.S ASSISTANT PROFESSOR COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING YENEPOYA NURSING COLLEGE YENEPOYA UNIVERSITY , MANGALURU
- 2. MEANING OF A QUESTIONNAIRE • -IT IS A PRINTED SELF-REPORT FORM DESIGNED TO ELICIT INFORMATION. • -INFORMATION CAN BE OBTAINED THROUGH WRITTEN OR VERBAL RESPONSES OF THE SUBJECT, • -IT IS A PERFORMA CONTAINING SERIES OF QUESTIONS
- 3. DEFINITION • A questionnaire is a structured instrument consisting of a series of questions prepared by researcher that a research subject is asked to complete, to gather data from individuals about knowledge, attitude, beliefs and feelings. • A questionnaire is a structured self report paper and pencil instrument that a research subject is asked to complete
- 4. SALIENT FEATURES OF A QUESTIONNAIRE • -IT IS THE MOST COMMONLY USED DATA COLLECTION METHOD IN NURSING RESEARCH, • -IT IS A PAPER-PENCIL INSTRUMENT, • -IT DEPENDS MUCH ON THE RESPONDANT’S MEMORY, • -IT SHOULD BE RELATED TO THE OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
- 5. TYPES OF QUESTIONNAIRE • STRUCTURED QUESTIONNAIRE: • CONTAINS ONLY PREDTERMINED QUESTIONS AND RESPONSE OPTIONS, • SUBJECTS ARE ASKED TO RESPOND TO THE SAME QUESTIONS IN THE SAME ORDER USING THE SAME SET OF RESPONSE OPTIONS,
- 6. • SEMI-STRUCTURED QUESTIONNAIRE: • CONTAIN SOME OPEN ENDED QUESTIONS • AND SOME CLOSED –ENDED QUESTIONS • SPECIFIC FORMAT FOR OBTAINING THE INFORMATION IS FOLLOWED
- 7. TYPES OF QUESTIONS • CLOSE ENDED QUESTIONS: • RESPONSE ALTERNATIVES ARE PRESPECIFIED, • THE ALTERNATIVES MAY RANGE FROM SIMPLE YES OR NO TO COMPLEX EXPRESSIONS OF OPINIONS, • THE MAIN PURPOSE IS TO ENSURE COMPARABILITY OF RESPONSES AND TO FACILITATE ANALYSIS.
- 8. • OPEN ENDED QUESTIONS: • ALLOWS PARTICIPANTS TO RESPOND TO QUESTIONS IN THEIR OWN WORDS,
- 9. EXAMPLES OF QUESTION TYPES • OPEN ENDED QUESTION: • WHAT LED TO YOUR DECISION TO STOP SMOKING? • CLOSED ENDED QUESTION: • HAVE YOU BEEN ADMITTED TO THE HOSPITAL AT ANY TIME IN THE PAST 4YRS: • -YES • -NO
- 10. • MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTION: • ADULT RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME OCCURS DUE TO: • -BAROTRAUMA, • -PNEUMONIA, • -PYLORIC STENOSIS, • -HEMOTHORAX
- 11. • RANK ORDER QUESTION: • LIST THE THINGS THAT YOU VALUE: • -SELF-RESPECT, • -COMMITMENT, • -MORALITY • -OBEDIENCE TO YOUR PARENTS, • BY PLACING 1 BESIDE THE MOST IMPORTANT,2BESIDE THE SECOND MOST IMPORTANT.
- 12. • FORCED –CHOICE QUESTIONS: • WHICH STATEMENT MOST CLOSELY REPRESENTS YOUR POINT OF VIEW: • -I HAVE A CONTROL OVER MY ACTIONS, • -WHAT HAS HAPPENS TO ME IS MY OWN DOING.
- 13. • RATING QUESTION: • ON A SCALE OF 0 TO 10, WHERE 0 MEANS EXTREMELY DISSATISIFIED, AND 10 IS EXTREMELY SATISIFIED. • HOW SATISFIED ARE YOU WITH THE CARE PROVIDED BY THE NURSES IN THE HOSPITAL.
- 14. GUIDELINES FOR A GOOD QUESTIONNAIRE • IT SHOULD BE BRIEF,RELATED TO THE OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY, • IT SHOULD BE TRANSLATED IN LOCAL LANGUAGE, • CARE TO BE TAKEN IN WORDING PERSONAL OR EMBRASSING QUESTIONS, • QUESTIONS SHOULD PROCEED IN LOGICAL SEQUENCE,
- 15. • MAILED QUESTIONNAIRE SHOULD ALWAYS BE ACCOMPAINED WITH FOLLOWING DETAILS: • INTORDUCTORY LETER, • MAINTAING OF CONFIDENTIALITY, • CONSENT LETTER, • PURPOSE OF THE STUDY, • TIME TAKEN AND DIRECTIONS TO FILL THE QUESTIONNAIRE, • REQUEST TO RETURN THE FILLED PROFROMA AND A SELF ADDRESSED STAMPED ENVELOPE.
- 16. QUESTIONNAIRE FORMAT • SELF INTRODUCTORY LETTER, • TITLE OF THE STUDY , • DIRECTIONS FOR COMPLETING THE QUESTIONNAIRE, • NUMBERGING EACH PAGE OF THE QUESTIONNAIRE, • ASSIGNING SERIAL NUMBER TO THE QUESTIONS, • SIGNATURE OF THE SUBJECT,
- 17. WORDING OF QUESTIONS • DECIDE THE TYPE OF QUESTIONS TO BE FORMULATED ACCORDING TO THE REQUIREMENTS,(OPEN OR CLOSED ENDED) • AVOID LONG SENTENCES AND PHARSES,TECHNICAL TERMS, • USE SIMPLE SENTENCES TO BE UNDERSTOOD BY LEAST EDUCATED RESPONDANTS OF THE SAMPLE,
- 18. • ALWAYS BE AWARE OF RESPONDANTS LEVEL OF INFORMATION, • AVOID LEADING QUESTIONS, • AVOID IDENTIFYING A POSITION OR A PERSON BY NAME, • AVOID SENTENCES THAT HAVE EMOTIONAL TAG, • CHECK FOR OVERLAPPING OF WORDS OR SENTENCES,GRAMMER.
- 19. • EVERY ITEM OF THE QUESTIONNAIRE SHOULD RELATE TO THE TOPIC UNDER STUDY, • GENERAL QUESTIONS SHOULD LEAD TO SPECIFIC ONES,PERSONAL BIO-DATA SHOULD BE INCLUDED IN THE BEGINNING OR END.
- 20. ADMINISTRATION OF QUESTIONNAIRE • SELF ADMINISTERED, • MAILING THE QUESTIONNAIRE
- 21. ADVANTAGES OF QUESTIONNAIRES • IT IS A RELATIVELY EFFICIENT DATA COLLECTION METHOD IN TERMS OF MONEY, TIME, AND EASE OF ADMINISTRATION. • QUESTIONNAIRES OFFER THE POSSIBILITY OF SUBJECTS ANONYMITY. • LARGE SAMPLES DATA CAN BE COLLECTED, • IT PROVIDES UNIFORMITY, • IT IS FREE FROM BIAS OF THE INTERVIEWER.
- 22. LIMITATIONS OF QUESTIONNAIRES • HAVE LOW RESPONSE RATE, • LITERATE POPULATION ONLY CAN BE ADMINISTERED, • IT DOES NOT PROVIDE ANY CHECK ON VERACITY OF RESPONSES, • DIFFICULTY TO KNOW WHETHER THE WILLING RESPONDENTS REPRESENT THE POPULATION UNDER STUDY,
- 23. • MISINTERPRETATION OF THE QUESTIONS IS A POSSIBILITY, • POSSIBILITY OF GETTING AMBIGUOUS OR INCOMPLETE ANSWERS, • RELIABILTY AND VALIDITY OF QUESTIONNARES DEPEND ON SUBJECTS HONEST RESPONSES.
- 24. CONCLUSION • QUESTIONNAIRES TEND TO BE USED IN DESCRIPTIVE STUDIES, • DESIGNED TO GATHER A BROAD SPECTRUM OF INFORMATION FROM THE SUBJECTS,SUCH AS FACTS ABOUT THE SUBJECT OR ABOUT PERSONS KNOWN BY THE SUBJECTS,ABOUT EVENTS, OR SITUATIONS KNOWN BY THE SUBJECT OR BELIEFS ATTITUDES, OPINIONS, LEVELS OF KNOWLEDGE OF THE SUBJECTS.
- 25. ACTIVITY • TITLE OF THE STUDY • SMOKING PATTERN AMONG ADOLSCENTS OF • HIGH SCHOOLS. • PREPARE A QUESTIONNAIRE (TEN QUESTIONS) • -OPENED ENDED QUESTIONS • -CLOSED ENDED QUESTIONS • -MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS • -RATING QUESTIONS.
- 26. BIBILIOGRAPHY • BURNS NANCY & GROVE K.SUSAN, UNDERSTANDING NURSING RESEARCH.SAUNDERS.2002. • GRANT BOYLE ANN & VETA H.MASSEY,NURSING LEADERSHIP,MANAGEMENT & RESEARCH.SPRINGHOUSHE CORPORATION,PENNSYLVANIA,
- 27. • BHASKARA RAO.T.RESEARCH METHODOLOGY,PARAS MEDICAL PUBLISHER.HYDERBAD.2ND EDITION.2005. • BASAVANTHAPPA.B.T. NURSING RESEARCH,1998,JAYPEE BROTHERS,BANGALORE. • POLIT.F DENISE & BECK TATANO CHERYL,ESSENTIALS OF NURSING RESEARCH,7TH EDITION,LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS. NEW DELHI.