Management Functions and Principle

Presented By,
Md Maruf Hossen (1505067)
&
Arup Kumar Debnath (1505073)
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Khulna University of Engineering & Technology, Khulna-9203
3rd December, 2019

MANAGEMENT
Management is the art of securing maximum results with a minimum effort so as to
secure maximum prosperity and happiness for both employer and employee and giving
public the best possible results.
- Prof. John F Mec
Management is the art and science of preparing, organizing and directing human effort
applied to control the forces and utilize materials of nature for the benefit of man.
-ASME

MANAGEMENT PRINCIPLE
Taylor’s Principle:
1. Replacing rule of thumb with science.
2. Obtaining harmony in group action.
3. Achieving the co-operation of human being.
4. Working maximum output rather than restricted output.
5. Scientifically select and then train, teach, and develop the worker.
6. Workers are to be paid according to their productivity.

Henry Fayol’s Principle:
1. Division of work
Specialization increases output by making employees more efficient.

2. Authority and Responsibility
Managers must be able to give orders, and authority gives them the right.
Responsibility is the natural consequence and essential counterpart, and whosesoever
authority is exercised responsibility arises.

3. Discipline
Employees must obey and respect the rules
that govern the organization.
4. Unity of command
Every employee should receive orders from only one
superior.

5. Unity of direction
The organization should have a single plan of action to guide
managers and workers.
6. Subordination of individual to general interest
The interest of any one employee or group of employees should
not take preference over the interests of the organization as a
whole.

7. Remuneration of personnel:
Bonuses and profit-sharing and non-financial
incentives.
8. Centralization:
This term refers to the degree to which subordinates are
involved in decision making.

9. Scalar chain
The line of authority from top management to the lowest
ranks is the scalar chain.
10. Order
Fayol defines the formula for order as “a place for
everyone and everyone in his place”. People and
materials should be in the right place at the right time.

11. Equity
Managers should be kind and fair to their subordinates.
12. Stability of tenure of personnel:
Time is required for an employee to get used to new work and succeed in
doing it well, always assuming that he possesses the requisite abilities. If
when he has got used to it, or before then, he is removed, he will not have
had time to render worthwhile service. If this be repeated indefinitely the
work will never by properly done.

13. Initiative:
Employees who are allowed to originate and carry
out plans will exert high levels of effort.
14. Team spirit:
Esprit de corps: Means “Union is strength”.
Promoting team spirit will build harmony and
unity within the organization.

MANAGEMENT FUNCTION
Leading
Basic Functions of Management in any
Organization
1. Planning
2. Organizing
3. Staffing
4. Leading
5. Controlling

MANAGEMENT FUNCTION
Planning:
Process used by managers to identify and select appropriate
goals and courses of action for the organization. It is future
oriented and determines an organization’s goal.
Steps for good planning:
 Which goals should be pursued?
 How should the goals be attained?
 How should resources be allocated?

Organizing:
Organizing requires a formal structure of authority and
the direction and flow of work as to attain the
prescribed goal.
 Managers group people into departments according
to the tasks performed.
 Managers lay out lines of authority and
responsibility for members.
MANAGEMENT FUNCTION

MANAGEMENT FUNCTION
Staffing:
Staffing is the function of hiring and retaining a suitable
work-force for the enterprise both at managerial as well
as non-managerial levels. It involves the process of
recruiting, training, developing, compensating and
evaluating employees and maintaining this workforce
with proper incentives and motivations. Since the human
element is the most vital factor in the process of
management, it is important to recruit the right
personnel.

MANAGEMENT FUNCTION
Leading:
The leading function is concerned with communication,
motivation, and supervision so that the employees perform
their activities in the most efficient manner possible, in
order to achieve the desired goals.
• The communication must be open both ways so that the
information can be passed on to the subordinates and the
feedback received from them.
• Motivation is very important since highly motivated
people show excellent performance with less direction
from superiors.
• Supervising subordinates would lead to continuous
progress reports as well as assure the superiors that the
directions are being properly carried out.

MANAGEMENT FUNCTION
Controlling:
In controlling, managers evaluate how well the
organization is achieving its goals and takes corrective
action to improve performance.
 In controlling a managers use their power, influence,
vision, persuasion, and communication skills.
 Managers will monitor individuals, departments, and
the organization to determine if desired performance
has been reached.
 Managers will also take action to increase performance
as required.
 The outcome of the controlling function is the accurate
measurement of performance and regulation of
efficiency and effectiveness.

Management Functions and Principle

Management Functions and Principle

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