This document discusses function overloading in C++. It explains that function overloading allows multiple functions to have the same name but different parameters. This improves readability, consistency, and allows compile-time binding. It provides an example of overloading a sum() function to take integer or double parameters. Signatures that include the function name and parameter types distinguish overloaded functions. Overloaded functions must differ in number or type of parameters, but not return type. Default arguments are not part of the signature.