2-ZeroLab_blockchain_dev_essentials-1608.pptx
- 1. ZeroLAB ZeroLab Blockchain Solution Designer Course in collaboration with Bocconi University Part 1 of 6
- 2. ZeroLAB ZeroLAB Welcome back! In the last session, we have discussed the basic information and concepts in blockchain. We hope you enjoy and get excited for the upcoming session! For this session will provide you with information about the most essential concepts in blockchain. Those concepts are extremely important when you want to learn about development in blockchain or blockchain in general. INTRO
- 3. ZeroLAB Blockchain Development Essentials > An introduction to blockchain development background By Dr. Alessio Bonti & Jason Pham
- 4. ZeroLAB • Introduction • Account • Blockchain Wallet • Transaction • Test Network • Blockchain Client • Remote Client • Decentralization AGENDA
- 5. ZeroLAB Introduction Account, Wallet, Transaction and what these concepts mean in blockchain context
- 6. ZeroLAB What is a blockchain account?
- 7. ZeroLAB ZeroLAB Blockchain Account is the most frequent component you will interact in the blockchain network. Users use Blockchain Account to: • Store cryptocurrency, and tokens on blockchain network • Deposit and transfer cryptocurrency as well as token • Sign transactions BLOCKCHAIN ACCOUNT Deposit Cryptocurrency Transfer Cryptocurrency
- 8. ZeroLAB ZeroLAB BLOCKCHAIN ACCOUNT Blockchain account is comprised of a private key and a public key. While the public key is the cryptographic derivation of the private key, public address is the cryptographic derivation of the public key. Blockchain Account Public Address Public Key Secret Private Key Validate Messages Sign Transactions Encrypt Messages
- 9. ZeroLAB Blockchain Wallet A digital wallet that allows users to store, manage and trade their cryptocurrencies or token
- 10. ZeroLAB ZeroLAB BLOCKCHAIN WALLET Therefore, it is important to note that account is not a wallet or vice versa. They are two completely different concepts. Blockchain Account Blockchain Wallet Blockchain Wallet is either a hardware or a software that enables users to hold and manage their accounts. Like a blockchain account, there are also a lot cryptographic applications involve in a blockchain wallet. Some people may confuse between blockchain wallet and blockchain account.
- 12. ZeroLAB ZeroLAB BLOCKCHAIN TRANSACTION Among various concepts in blockchain, transaction is always one of the most important ones. A transaction can be a transfer of cryptocurrency from one account to another. It can also be an interaction of an account with a smart contract or between two different smart contracts. Transaction Smart Contract Interaction Transfer of Cryptocurrency Transaction
- 13. ZeroLAB ZeroLAB BLOCKCHAIN TRANSACTION EXAMPLE When Alice transfers 3 Ethers to Bob as a gift, that action of transferring by Alice creates a transaction that will modifies Alice’s balance to have 3 Ethers less and Bob’s balance to have 3 more Ethers. Alice Bob 3 Eths Transaction
- 14. ZeroLAB ZeroLAB BLOCKCHAIN TRANSACTION EXAMPLE In another case, when Alice buys an NFT from a marketplace, this action calls the marketplace smart contract to transfer the NFT to Alice’s account. This call to a smart contract is also a transaction made by Alice. Alice SC Contract invocation Transaction
- 15. ZeroLAB ZeroLAB The way transactions being processed in blockchain can be conceptualized by the following diagram. In particular, as soon as a transaction is submitted: TRANSACTION LIFECYCLE Hash Broadcast Bundle Generate Verify Append
- 16. ZeroLAB What is a test network?
- 17. ZeroLAB Public blockchain usually have multiple networks running in parallel. Different networks are provided on which developers can build and test before deploying their application on the main one. Different blockchains have different set of networks. They can be identical replicas of the Mainnet or run different consensus protocol to provide easy and quick testing environment. However, in most cases, cryptocurrencies on these networks have no monetary value. TEST NETWORKS
- 18. ZeroLAB ZeroLAB Using the blockchain testnet, developers are able to avoid costs as cryptocurrencies do not have economical value. Given the fact that testnet is also a public blockchain, there are a lot of users and available contracts on the network. Thus, developers is enabled to develop on a testing environment that is extremely close to a real one. TEST NETWORKS Available Contracts Cost Free Other Users
- 19. ZeroLAB Blockchain Client A magical software that turns a computer to a blockchain node
- 20. ZeroLAB Blockchain client is a software implementation of the blockchain which enables user to verify transactions, keep the network secure and data accurate by participating in the consensus. BLOCKCHAIN CLIENT
- 21. ZeroLAB In order to interact with blockchain network, we need a node. Connecting to a node gives developers the ability to access on-chain data and perform read/write functionalities. BLOCKCHAIN CLIENT
- 22. ZeroLAB Remote Client Remote clients rely on a full client to provide users with access to blockchain network
- 23. ZeroLAB ZeroLAB REMOTE CLIENT Remote client provides users with a number of the functionalities, but not as many as that when users run a full node. However, those functionalities are usually more than enough for blockchain development. Key Management Transaction Setup Smart Contract Interactions DApps Interactions Cryptocurrencies Exchanges
- 25. ZeroLAB Blockchain nodes run decentrally on the blockchain network. They participate in the consensus protocol, which we will go deeper in the future session, to keep the network secure and moving forward. DECENTRALIZATION
- 26. ZeroLAB All validations and executions, or in general transactions, on the blockchain network are validated by the decentralized nodes through a “common agreement” between them or at least most of them. Therefore, the network is owned and governed by everyone instead any single central entity. DECENTRALIZATION
- 27. ZeroLAB Decentralization provides blockchain users with the following benefits. ▪ Trustless environment ▪ Data availability and integrity ▪ Network persistance ▪ Optimized resource accessibility DECENTRALIZATION BENEFITS
- 28. ZeroLAB Everyone does not need to trust each other to collaborate on the decentralized network. Identical replicas of data are stored by each node on the network as ledgers. If any of the ledger is tempered, it will be rejected by other nodes. TRUSTLESS ENVIRONMENT
- 29. ZeroLAB Decentralized data storage enables members to access real-time data avoiding data loss and inaccurate data being passed around. DATA AVAILABILITY AND INTEGRITY
- 30. ZeroLAB Decentralization eliminates the single point of failure when a system may be too dependent on any particular entities. NETWORK PERSISTANCE
- 31. ZeroLAB As a result of the above- mentioned benefits, decentralization provides optimized distribution of resource so that data and service access are highly fault tolerant and accurate reducing the level of risk that a systematic failure may occur. OPTIMIZED RESOURCE DISTRIBUTION
- 32. ZeroLAB Time to build The second part of the theory is over, time to setup development environment (Algorand Sandbox)
- 33. ZeroLAB ZeroLAB We are at one third of the journey. By the end of this practical session, you will have an environment setup for smart contract deployment. PRACTICAL JOURNEY Topics 1. Create and fund your account with testnet funds. 2. Setup your development environment. 3. Connect account to a Dapp. 4. Write a simple smart contract, deploy and test. 5. Upload images to IPFS through a Dapp. 6. Create NFT on the Dapp and transfer using your wallet.
- 34. ZeroLAB Practical 2 Setup development environment with Algorand sandbox
- 35. ZeroLAB ZeroLAB We assume that you already have Git install on your machine. If not, you can follow the guidelines from https://git-scm.com/downloads. If you are a Windows user, you need to install a few prerequisites: ▪ Docker Desktop ▪ Windows Terminal ▪ Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL) 2 Prerequisites
- 36. ZeroLAB Prerequisites Guides to install the prerequisites for Windows users
- 37. ZeroLAB ZeroLAB DOCKER DESKTOP INSTALLATION Go to https://docs.docker.com/desktop/install/windows-install/ > Click on “Docker Desktop for Windows” (above screenshot) > Run the downloaded Docker Desktop Installer.exe file with all default choices to install.
- 38. ZeroLAB ZeroLAB WINDOWS TERMINAL INSTALLATION Let’s install Windows Terminal: Open your Microsoft Store App > Search “Windows Terminal” > click Install.
- 39. ZeroLAB ZeroLAB After Windows Terminal is installed, run it in Administrator mode WINDOWS TERMINAL INSTALLATION
- 40. ZeroLAB ZeroLAB Enable WSL 2 and install Ubuntu 20.04 LTS by running the following command on the opened windows terminal. WSL 2 INSTALLATION wsl --install -d Ubuntu-20.04
- 41. ZeroLAB ZeroLAB WSL 2 INSTALLATION Then, we will have an Ubuntu 20.04 subsystem ready to be used.
- 42. ZeroLAB ZeroLAB DOCKER DESKTOP CONFIGURATION After Docker Desktop is installed, we need to configure it to connect to our Ubuntu 20.04 subsystem that we installed in the previous step: Run Docker Desktop (left) > Go to Settings (top right arrow) > Tick “Use the WSL 2 based engine”
- 43. ZeroLAB ZeroLAB DOCKER DESKTOP CONFIGURATION In the left side menu, extend “Resources” > Select “WSL Integration” > Enable “Ubuntu-20.04” > Click “Apply & Restart”. Note: Make sure the rectangle on the bottom left corner is green meaning Docker is running. Make sure this is green
- 44. ZeroLAB ZeroLAB Verify that Docker is accessible on the Ubuntu WSL by running the following command. CHECK DOCKER ON WSL 2 // Get docker version docker -v
- 45. ZeroLAB Algorand Sandbox From this step, both Mac and Windows users should follow to download and start the Algorand sandbox
- 46. ZeroLAB ZeroLAB Clone the sandbox repo from Github to a folder called zerolab-prac by running the following commands in the terminal DOWNLOAD SANDBOX // Create a directory called zerolab-prac mkdir zerolab-prac // Change to zerolab-prac directory cd zerolab-prac // Clone the sandbox repo git clone https://github.com/jasonhtpham/sandbox.git // Use change mode command to give permission to all files chmod -R u=rwx sandbox/ // Change to the sandbox directory cd sandbox // List files and directories in the current directory ls
- 47. ZeroLAB ZeroLAB Start the sandbox with the connection to Algorand Testnet by running the following command. The connection to Algorand testnet enables us to use the accounts created in practical 1 in future activities. START SANDBOX // Start the sandbox with connection to the testnet ./sandbox up testnet -v
- 48. ZeroLAB ZeroLAB Once the sandbox is up and running, we can enter the algod container. This provides us the ability to quickly and easily interact with the blockchain in later activities. ENTER THE ALGOD CONTAINER // Go into the algod container ./sandbox enter algod
- 49. ZeroLAB ZeroLAB We need to use the goal command to create a wallet called test which is used to hold our accounts in the future. We can verify if the wallet is created by running. CREATE A WALLET IN THE ALGOD CONTAINER // Create a wallet called test and provide a password goal wallet new test // List all wallet goal wallet list
- 50. ZeroLAB We have done setting up the development environment with the Algorand sandbox, which will set us ready for the next practical session. In the next practical session, we will connect an account to a Dapp using Pera Algo Wallet. PRACTICAL 2