From Learning Networks to Digital Ecosystems
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This document provides an overview of a presentation given by Dr. Hendrik Drachsler on learning networks and digital ecosystems. The presentation begins with an introduction to learning networks, which are online social networks designed to support lifelong learning through sharing, publishing, and adjusting knowledge resources. Examples of learning networks for medical professionals and libraries are provided. Technologies to support learning networks like personal environments, recommendation systems, and emerging paths are then discussed. The presentation then introduces digital ecosystems and compares them to learning networks. Digital ecosystems are defined as distributed adaptive open socio-technical systems inspired by natural ecosystems. Examples of digital ecosystems like those around Apple, Facebook, and Google are presented. Finally, the presentation concludes that a learning network can become a digital ecosystem when
![Another Definition
“... often a group of applications complementing a specific
product or platform is considered to form a digital
ecosystem; the ICT companies form a “digital ecosystem
community.”
“But, in order to make sense in large scale concepts such as
the Information Society they [the digital ecosystems] need to
be useful to many facets of the economic life of the individual
economic player. “
Nachira, F., Dini, P., Nicolai, A. (2007)
35](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/tallinn2010final-100902164202-phpapp02/85/From-Learning-Networks-to-Digital-Ecosystems-88-320.jpg)
![Another Definition
Company Ecosystems
“... often a group of applications complementing a specific
product or platform is considered to form a digital
ecosystem; the ICT companies form a “digital ecosystem
community.”
Digital Ecosystems
“But, in order to make sense in large scale concepts such as
the Information Society they [the digital ecosystems] need to
be useful to many facets of the economic life of the individual
economic player. “
Nachira, F., Dini, P., Nicolai, A. (2007)
35](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/tallinn2010final-100902164202-phpapp02/85/From-Learning-Networks-to-Digital-Ecosystems-89-320.jpg)
From Learning Networks to Digital Ecosystems
- 1. From L e a r n i n g N e t wo r k s to Digital Ecosystems 03.09.2010 Tallinn University, Estonia Dr. Hendrik Drachsler Centre for Learning Sciences and Technology @ Open University of the Netherlands 1
- 2. Centre for Learning Sciences and Technologies (CELSTEC) 2
- 3. Centre for Learning Sciences and Technologies (CELSTEC) 2
- 4. Centre for Learning Sciences and Technologies (CELSTEC) 2
- 5. Centre for Learning Sciences and Technologies (CELSTEC) • 100 employees (R. Koper) • 3 R&D program’s • Learning and Cognition (P. Kirschner) • Learning Media (M. Specht, & W. Westera) • Learning Networks (P. Sloep) • Master Active Learning (E. Boshuisen) 2
- 6. Whoami • Assistant Professor at the Learning Networks Program • Research topics: Learning Networks, Technology Enhanced Learning, Recommender Systems, Personalisation, Mash-Ups and widget technology, e-health 3
- 8. Learning Network Projects SC4L 4
- 9. Overview • Introduction to Learning Networks • Introduction to Digital Ecosystems • Differences between Learning Networks and Digital Ecosystems • A Future Research Agenda 5
- 10. Overview • Introduction to Learning Networks • Introduction to Digital Ecosystems • Differences between Learning Networks and Digital Ecosystems • A Future Research Agenda 5
- 11. Overview But before we start... • Introduction to Learning Networks • Introduction to Digital Ecosystems • Differences between Learning Networks and Digital Ecosystems • A Future Research Agenda 5
- 12. Twitter Ecosystem nt Are there any Twitter users? 6
- 13. Twitter Ecosystem nt Please use the Are there any following hashtag for Twitter users? the backchannel. You can post your remarks and questions during the presentation and we get back to them later on. 6
- 14. Twitter Ecosystem nt Please use the following hashtag for the backchannel. You can post your remarks and questions during the presentation and we get back to them later on. 6
- 15. Twitter Ecosystem nt Hashtag: #LNDE Please use the following hashtag for the backchannel. You can post your remarks and questions during the presentation and we get back to them later on. 6
- 16. Twitter Ecosystem nt Hashtag: #LNDE Please use the If you are not a twitter users surf hashtag for following to: the backchannel. http://backnoise.com/?LNDE You can post your You just have questions remarks and to enter during the presentation a user name and can and we get back to contribute and discuss in the later on. them backchannel. 6
- 17. Learning Networks 7
- 18. We live in a decade of industrial change Change picture 8
- 19. The challenge “The biggest challenge businesses face today is unlearning what was successful in the industrial age and learning how to prosper in the network era.” Jay Cross (2006) 9
- 20. Graphic by Alex Guerten, 2008 10
- 21. G L O C A L I S AT I O N O B A L I S A T Graphic by Alex Guerten, 2008 I O N 10
- 22. G L O C A L I S AT I O N Graphic by Alex Guerten, 2008 10
- 23. G L O C A L I S AT I O N P R O D U C Graphic by Alex Guerten, 2008 E CONSUMERS S 10
- 24. G L O C A L I S AT I O N Graphic by Alex Guerten, 2008 PROSUMERS 10
- 25. The Glocalisation / Prosumers world by Zohar Manor-Abel http://flickr.com/photos/zoharma/97214235/sizes/l/ 11
- 26. Learning Networks • Explicitly address informal learning • Users can publish, share, rate, tag and adjust knowledge resources in Learning Networks • Open Corpus that emerges form the bottom upwards (Koper & Sloep, 2002) 12
- 27. Learning Networks • Explicitly address informal learning • Users can publish, share, rate, tag and adjust knowledge resources in Learning Networks • Open Corpus that emerges form the bottom upwards (Koper & Sloep, 2002) 12
- 28. Use Cases for Learning Networks 13
- 29. Julie, a medical doctor from Germany Julie is a medical doctor at the Gannon University who wants to become specialized as cardiologist. She participates in the International Cardiology Qualification Network and shares her experiences on the medical cases with colleagues from hospitals world wide. She also gets informed about new cases available in the network. 14
- 30. Julie, a medical doctor from Germany Julie is a medical doctor at the Gannon University who wants to become specialized as cardiologist. She participates in the International Cardiology Qualification Network and shares her experiences on the medical cases with colleagues from hospitals world wide. She also gets informed about new cases available in the network. 14
- 31. Limbourgs Public Library in the Netherlands Limbourgs public library in the Netherlands needs to rethink its role in society and retrain its personnel in the process. Therefore they want to create an Innovation Network with their employees and their target groups to innovate and train their personnel towards the network era. 15
- 32. Limbourgs Public Library in the Netherlands Limbourgs public library in the Netherlands needs to rethink its role in society and retrain its personnel in the process. Therefore they want to create an Innovation Network with their employees and their target groups to innovate and train their personnel towards the network era. 15
- 34. Technologies for Learning Networks But before we Go on... Let’s have a look at our Twitter experiment 16
- 35. R&D for Learning Networks • Mashups, Personal Environments • Indicators on Learning Interactions • Reflection Support on Social Learning • Personalisation of Information • Distributed Innovation • Prior Knowledge Assessment • Recommender Systems • Network Analysis 17
- 36. Personal Environments 18
- 37. Personal Environments 18
- 38. 19
- 39. Personal Environments 19
- 40. Personal Environments More Blog Reader Information Providers Social Bookmarking Various Communities 19
- 41. Personal Environments Developing Widgets 20
- 42. Personal Environments Developing Widgets 20
- 43. Personal Environments Developing Widgets 20
- 44. Personal Environments Developing Widgets Scott Wilson 20
- 45. Personal Environments Developing Widgets 20
- 46. Personal Environments Interwidget communication Developing Widgets Julie 20
- 47. Emergence Johnson, S. (2001) 21
- 48. Emergence Johnson, S. (2001) 21
- 49. Emergence Johnson, S. (2001) 21
- 50. Emergence Johnson, S. (2001) 21
- 51. Emergence Johnson, S. (2001) 21
- 52. Emergence Johnson, S. (2001) 21
- 53. Emergence “We are leaving the age of information and entering the age of recommendation” Chris Anderson (2004) Johnson, S. (2001) 21
- 54. Recommender Systems 22
- 55. Recommender Systems 22
- 56. Recommender Systems People who bought the same product also bought product B or C … 22
- 57. The Long Tail Graphic Wilkins, D., (2009); Long23 concept Anderson, C. (2004) tail
- 58. The Long Tail of Learning Graphic Wilkins, D., (2009); Long23 concept Anderson, C. (2004) tail
- 59. Emerging paths 24 © peterme.com, flickr 2009
- 60. Emerging paths Main Road 24 © peterme.com, flickr 2009
- 61. Emerging paths Personalised paths Main Road 24 © peterme.com, flickr 2009
- 62. Recommender Systems for Learning Paths 25
- 63. Recommender System Research Prototype: Recommender Practical System for Learning Networks Study 3: Learning Networks Simulation Study 2: Psychology Experiment Study 1: Theoretical Background Theoretical 2006 2007 2008 2009 26
- 64. Recommender System Research Prototype: Recommender Practical System for Learning Networks 2006 Study 3: Learning Networks Simulation Study 2: Psychology Experiment Study 1: Theoretical Background Theoretical 2006 2007 2008 2009 26
- 65. Recommender System Research Prototype: Recommender Practical System for Learning Networks Study 3: Learning Networks Simulation Study 2: Psychology Experiment Study 1: Theoretical Background Theoretical 2006 2007 2008 2009 26
- 66. Recommender System Research Prototype: Recommender Practical System for Learning 2007 Networks Study 3: Learning Networks Simulation Study 2: Psychology Experiment Study 1: Theoretical Background Theoretical 2006 2007 2008 2009 26
- 67. Recommender System Research Prototype: Recommender Practical System for Learning Networks Study 3: Learning Networks Simulation Study 2: Psychology Experiment Study 1: Theoretical Background Theoretical 2006 2007 2008 2009 26
- 68. Recommender System Research Prototype: Recommender Practical System for Learning 2008 Networks Study 3: Learning Networks Simulation Study 2: Psychology Experiment Study 1: Theoretical Background Theoretical 2006 2007 2008 2009 26
- 69. Recommender System Research Prototype: Recommender Practical System for Learning Networks Study 3: Learning Networks Simulation Study 2: Psychology Experiment Study 1: Theoretical Background Theoretical 2006 2007 2008 2009 26
- 70. Recommender System Research Prototype: Recommender Practical System for Learning Networks 2009 Study 3: Learning Networks Simulation Study 2: Psychology Experiment Study 1: Theoretical Background Theoretical 2006 2007 2008 2009 26
- 71. Recommender System Research Prototype: Recommender Practical System for Learning Networks Study 3: Learning Networks Simulation Study 2: Psychology Experiment Study 1: Theoretical Background Theoretical 2006 2007 2008 2009 26
- 72. Try it your self ... 27
- 73. Try it your self ... Sign up at remashed.ou.nl 27
- 74. Try it your self ... Sign up at remashed.ou.nl Enter your favorite Web 2.0 potatoes. 27
- 75. Try it your self ... Sign up at remashed.ou.nl Enter your favorite Web 2.0 potatoes. Join the Community. 27
- 76. Try it your self ... Sign up at Let ReMashed remashed.ou.nl start mashing. Enter your favorite Web 2.0 potatoes. Join the Community. 27
- 77. Try it your self ... Sign up at Let ReMashed remashed.ou.nl start mashing. Enter your favorite Taste your Web 2.0 potatoes. personal flavor of Web 2.0. Join the Community. 27
- 78. Networks are dead! Long live the Digital Ecosystems! 28
- 79. Learning Networks “A Learning Network is an online, social network designed to support and facilitate lifelong learning (a learning ‘ecosystem’)” (Peter Sloep, 2009) 29
- 80. Learning Networks Learning Network = Digital Ecosystem ? 29
- 81. Digital Ecosystems 30
- 82. Digital Ecosystems But before we Go on... Let’s have a look at our Twitter experiment 30
- 83. What is an Ecosystem ? “An ecosystem is generally an area within the natural environment in which physical factors of the environment, such as rocks and soil, function together along with interdependent organisms, such as plants and animals, within the same habitat.” http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecosystem 31
- 84. What is a Digital Ecosystem ? “A Digital Ecosystem is any distributed adaptive open socio-technical system, with properties of self-organisation, scalability and sustainability, inspired by natural ecosystems.” http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_ecosystem 32
- 85. What is a Digital Ecosystem ? “Digital Ecosystems were made possible by the emergence of three networks: ICT networks, social networks, and knowledge networks. Nachira, F., Dini, P., Nicolai, A. (2007) 33
- 86. What is a Digital Ecosystem ? Nachira, F., Dini, P., Nicolai, A. (2007) 34
- 87. What is a Digital Ecosystem ? Learning Ecosystems Nachira, F., Dini, P., Nicolai, A. (2007) 34
- 88. Another Definition “... often a group of applications complementing a specific product or platform is considered to form a digital ecosystem; the ICT companies form a “digital ecosystem community.” “But, in order to make sense in large scale concepts such as the Information Society they [the digital ecosystems] need to be useful to many facets of the economic life of the individual economic player. “ Nachira, F., Dini, P., Nicolai, A. (2007) 35
- 89. Another Definition Company Ecosystems “... often a group of applications complementing a specific product or platform is considered to form a digital ecosystem; the ICT companies form a “digital ecosystem community.” Digital Ecosystems “But, in order to make sense in large scale concepts such as the Information Society they [the digital ecosystems] need to be useful to many facets of the economic life of the individual economic player. “ Nachira, F., Dini, P., Nicolai, A. (2007) 35
- 90. Examples of Digital Ecosystems 36
- 91. iPOD Ecosystem 37
- 92. iPOD Ecosystem 37
- 93. Facebook Ecosystem 38
- 94. Facebook Ecosystem 38
- 95. Google Ecosystem 39
- 96. Google Ecosystem 39
- 97. Iyer, B. & Davenport, T. (2008) 40
- 98. life symbiotic... 41
- 99. life symbiotic... 41
- 100. Ergo Peter Sloep is partly right ... 42
- 101. A Learning Network can become a Digital Ecosystem when... ...it applies distributed tools, communities, or services from different providers whereby these sources interrelated in very specific ways by open API’s and standards in order to serve a greater overall purpose for its community. 43
- 102. Extend tools Biosphere Organisations Create Create Consume Innovate Digital Ecosystem Extend Mashup Consume community Community New services Innovators Content Providers f Position Glocalisation ProSumers Use Target offers Contribute / Enrich Alliance Consume Advertise Search Target Groups Validate Emerge data
- 103. Future Research Agenda 45
- 104. Future Research Agenda But before we Go on... Let’s have a look at our Twitter experiment 45
- 105. Beyond 46
- 106. Beyond 46
- 107. Beyond 46
- 108. Beyond 46
- 109. Beyond O P E N D ATA 48 47
- 110. Beyondthe Beyond 48 47
- 111. Beyondthe Beyond O P E N D ATA 48 47
- 112. Beyondthe Beyond O P E N I N N O V AT I O N 48 47
- 113. Beyondthe Beyond MASHUP TECHNOLOGY 48 47
- 114. Beyondthe Beyond RECOMMENDER SYSTEMS 48 47
- 115. Beyondthe Beyond P ROT E C T I O N R I G H T S 48 47
- 116. Free the data by Tom Raftery http://www.flickr.com/photos/traftery/4773457853/sizes/l 48
- 117. Why ? by Tom Raftery http://www.flickr.com/photos/traftery/4773457853/sizes/l 48
- 118. Because we will get new insights by Tom Raftery http://www.flickr.com/photos/traftery/4773457853/sizes/l 48
- 119. 49
- 120. 49
- 121. 49
- 122. 49
- 123. 49
- 124. 49
- 125. Open Innovation 50
- 126. Open Innovation R&D -> C&D 50
- 127. Open Innovation R&D -> C&D 50
- 128. Open Innovation R&D -> C&D 50
- 129. Mashups and Widgets 51
- 130. Mashups and Widgets 51
- 131. Recommender Systems 52
- 132. Recommender Systems 52
- 133. Recommender Systems 52
- 134. Protection Rights 53
- 135. Protection Rights 53
- 136. Protection Rights OVERSHARING 53
- 137. Application Areas by Ivan Plata, flickr 48 54
- 138. Technology- Enhanced Application Areas Learning by Ivan Plata, flickr 48 54
- 139. Technology- Enhanced Application Areas Science 2.0 Learning by Ivan Plata, flickr 48 54
- 140. Technology- Enhanced Application Areas Science 2.0 Learning by Ivan Plata, flickr 48 54 e-health
- 141. Technology- Enhanced Application Areas Science 2.0 Learning e-democracy / e-participation by Ivan Plata, flickr 48 54 e-health
- 142. Grow new niche services 55
- 143. Grow new niche services Consequently use services from the biosphere and intertwine student projects with these services • Google ecosystem (forms, database, Google API) • Yahoo ecosystem (Yahoo pipes, and web services) • Reuters Open Calais and Semantic Enrichment • Open data from twitter and other ecosystems • Open API’s, Protocols, Standards -> Interoperability • Empower the users to connect, enrich and combine 55
- 144. Many Thanks for your interests 56
- 145. Many Thanks for your interests Your questions are welcome and what is happening in the #LNDE backchannel? 56
- 146. References Anderson, C. 2004. “The long tail.” Wired Magazine 12 (10). Available: http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/12.10/tail.html Cross, J., (2006) Informal learning: Rediscovering the natural pathways that inspire innovation and performance. Pfeifer Drachsler, H., Hummel, H., & Koper, R. (2008a). Personal recommender systems for learners in lifelong learning: requirements, techniques and model. International Journal of Learning Technology 3(4), 404 - 423. Drachsler, H., Hummel, H., & Koper, R. (2008b). Using Simulations to Evaluate the Effects of Recommender Systems for Learners in Informal Learning Networks. Paper presented at the EC-TEL conference, 2nd Workshop on Social Information Retrieval in Technology Enhanced Learning (SIRTEL08). September, 16-19, 2008, Maastricht, The Netherlands: CEUR Workshop Proceedings Drachsler, H., Hummel, H., & Koper, R. (2009). Identifying the Goal, User model and Conditions of Recommender Systems for Formal and Informal Learning. Journal of Digital Information. Drachsler, H., Hummel, H., van den Berg, B., Eshuis, J., Berlanga, A., Nadolski, R., Waterink, W., Boers, N., & Koper, R. (accepted). Effects of the ISIS Recommender System for navigation support in self-organised Learning Networks. Journal of Educational Technology and Society. Drachsler, H., Dries, E., Arts, T., Rutledge, L.,Van Rosmalen, P., Hummel, H. G. K., & Koper, R. (submitted). ReMashed – Recommendations for Mash-Up Personal Learning Environments. 4th European Conference on Technology Enhanced Learning, EC-TEL 2009. Learning in the Synergy of Multiple Disciplines, September, 29, 2009, Nice, Italy Iyer, B., & Davenport, T. H. (2008). Reverse engineering Google's innovation machine. Harvard Business Review. Kalz, M.,Van Bruggen, J., Giesbers, B., & Koper, R. (2007). Prior Learning Assessment with Latent Semantic Analysis. In F. Wild, M. Kalz, J.Van Bruggen & R. Koper (Eds.). Proceedings of the First European Workshop on Latent Semantic Analysis in Technology Enhanced Learning (pp. 24-25). Heerlen, The Netherlands: Open University of the Netherlands. Gahn, C., Specht, M., & Koper, R. (2007). Smart Indicators on Learning Interactions. In E. Duval, R. Klamma, & M. Wolpers (Eds), Creating New Learning Experiences on a Global Scale: LNCS 4753. Second European Conference on Technology Enhanced Learning, EC-TEL 2007 (pp. 56-70). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer. 57
- 147. This silde is available at: http://www.slideshare.com/Drachsler Email: hendrik.drachsler@ou.nl Skype: celstec-hendrik.drachsler Blogging at: http://www.drachsler.de Twittering at: http://twitter.com/HDrachsler 58