GIT.pdf
- 1. 1 GIT Q- Function colon? Absorbed water, Na, Cl Q- In Irritable bowel syndrome what is the most causative factor? Psychosocial stressor Q- PPI how work ? Block the gastric H, K-ATPase, inhibiting gastric acid secretion. 788- What is equivalent to omeprazole 20 mg Answer: - - Pantoprazole 40 mg 855- 20 mg omeprazole Answer = 300 mg cimetidine 36 PPI equivalent doses ? Proton pump inhibitors Esomeprazole 20 Lansoprazole 30 Omeprazole 20 Pantoprazole 40 577- women take drug for GI ulcer and her lab data shows hypomagnesemia which drug is responsible for that? Answer: Omeprazole 715- Omeprazole advice Answer: Every day, at morning before 30 -60 min of breakfast- Every day after 30-60 min- Any time 270- Patient taking omeprazole and still suffering from heartburn? Answer Add Histamine antagonist 745- Case; for long time he using NSAID that cause ulcer Answer: treatment ( lansoprazole) 537- Case of patient e GERD make lab data and results as following (Ca . Na .K. hco3) etc. were in normal range) Abnormalities in test results is due to ? Answer: cimetidine 23. Man came to ER vomiting and dizzy.after he ingested toxic dose of certain drug Which is the most important step? Watch the vital signs and Make them normal 124. Cyclizine is used for: nausea and vomiting 125. uses of promethazine: Nausea & Vomiting 28- Case lab result all normal except Mg (hypermagnesemia). which drug cause this Answer: Gaviscon 532- Duration of Esomeprazole in Esophageal disease ? Answer : 30 day (one month ) 4-8 weeks’ treatment duration is needed to heal the damage that caused by erosive esophagitis. 14 days treatment duration is needed for heartburn (OTC dose.) 11. patient will take esomeprazole what advise u can give to him? take for one month 57- patient will take esomeprazole what advise u can give to him Answer: liver function test ???915- patient came to the emergency room with complaining nausea vomiting but no diarrhea and pain under the quadruple rib that flares with fatty meals the appropriate diagnosis is Answer: a- Gastric ulcer b- IBS d- cholelithiasis 96- Used as galactagogic increase prolactin Answer: Domperidone 560- The following data is wrong about domperidone except Answer: Anti-vomiting without CNS effect 511- Maximum Duration of Domperidone Answer: 7 days (one week ) 67. domperidone & doxazocin MOA ? Domperidone has peripheral dopamine receptor blocking properties (dopamine antagonist) and does not readily cross the blood-brain barrier. Doxazosin Competitively inhibits postsynaptic alpha1-adrenergic receptors 79- A lactating mother comes to the emergency department complaining of nausea and vomiting. Which of the following agents is most appropriate to give? domperidone 92- Which of the following medications is the most appropriate for nausea induced by the anti-parkinson's drug bromocriptine? domperidone N.B:-Domperidone (Motilium) is the anti-emetic of choice to prevent and treat nausea and vomiting. (17) Which of the following medications is the most appropriate for nausea induced by the anti-parkinson's drug bromocriptine? domperidone
- 2. 2 3- A lactating mother comes to emergency department complaining of nausea and vomiting. Which of the following agents is most appropriate to give? Domperidone (also increase prolactin level) CNS 771- Parkinson Patients With Nausea And Vomiting What Can You Give Him? Answer: Domperidone (Not metoclopramide) 21- Bromocriptin which medication to prevent nausea should be given Answer: (one of option domperidone, metclopramide) Woman take Rivastigmine should take for nausea Answer: Domperidone 476- Diarrhea treatment Answer: Electrolytes and fluid or give antimotilty agent 83. What is best advice for travel diarrhea Hygiene of hand 732- Diarrhea after traveling first was giving metronidazole but still their symptom of food poison What to do Answer: I think vancomycin... 792- The prophylaxis in case of traveler diarrhea? Answer bismuth subsalicylate (BSS) ANTIBIOTICS 563- Drug used in treatment of traveler diarrhea? Answer: ciprofloxacin 34 What is treatment of H.pylori ? H. Pylori eradication by triple therapy: Regime i:− omeprazole 20 mg bd 14 days− clarithromycin 500 mg bd 14 days− amoxycillin 1 gm bds 14 days. Regime ii:− omeprazole 20 mg bd 14− days amoxycillin 1 gm bd 14 days− metronidazole 400 mg tds 14 days INTERACTION 264- Clopidogrel drug interaction? CYP2C19 Answer: May reduce antiplatelet effect w/ CYP2C19 inhibitor including PPI (e.g. Esomeprazole, omeprazole). Q- Which of the following is the most likely to cause serious bleeding when are given with aspirin? Antacids 81- Which of the following is most likely to be associated with heartburn? potassium chloride N.B:-Potassium chloride supplements are for patients with low potassium levels, from diuretics or other causes. These supplements are a well- documented cause of medication-related esophagitis Q- Patient HAVE dry cough AND nausea TTT ? diphenhydramine Q- A patient has dry cough and nausea , what is the most appropriate treatment for him ? Dextromethorphan Q- Drug interactions between clopidogrel and omeprazole through which enzyme ? Omeprazole —> enzyme inhibitor Clopidogrel —> prodrug Omeprazole inhibit conversion of clopidogrel to the active metabolite .So we have to shift to pantoprazole.
- 3. 3 60. loperamide stimulate ? MU receptors 51. loperamide MOA ? opioid agonist anti-diarrheal 31-Which of the following is the mechanism of action of loperamide antidiarrheal effect? Activation of the opioid receptors 27. mechanism by which bisacodyl laxative relieves constipation? Stimulation of enteric nerves to cause colonic contraction 28. bulk laxatives ? Add water and bulky to stool and soften stool like a jelly 9- Which of the following areas in the brain is the main target for metoclopramide to produce antiemetic activity? chemoreceptor trigger zone 7- which of the following lifestyle measures help in reducing chronic constpation? Increasing physical activity 30-which of the following drugs can be safely recommended to a patient that has been suffering from chronic constipation? A. Glycerol suppository B. Ispaghula husk C. Bisacodyl D. Senna 52. Rapid relief of acidity ? Al hydroxide 116. rapid relief of acidity ... Al hydroxide 98- A 2-year-old boy was found with an empty bottle of 100 chewable multivitamins. Each tablet contained 18 mg iron. He is asymptomatic at time of presentation to the emergency department. Which of the following methods of gastrointestinal decontamination would be most appropriate? whole bowel irrigation 45) A 20-year-old pregnant woman presents to the emergency department with severe vomiting What is the most likely safe drug? pyridoxine (VitB6) 464 What is antiemetic for cancer patient -palonosetron (akyzeo®) asone (decadron®) . Losec (omeprazole) used for : peptic ulcer . Cytotec is for: - gastric & dudenal ulcer - contraindicated in pregnancy . Cisapride for: gastroesophageal reflux . Ondansetron HCl used for ttt :emesis . Metoclopramide act: - centrally - periferally - antiemeti block CTZ . Metoclopramide is :dopamine antagonist, Centrally :CTZ & perferally :GIT, antiemetic . Bisacodyl : stimulant laxative, stimulate enteric nerves to cause colonic contractions . Mg sulphate is cathartic so used as laxative