The document discusses the Model-View-Controller (MVC) framework and how it can be applied to build a social networking website. It describes the model component as the database that stores and retrieves user, post, and friend data. The view component renders this data into webpages. The controller processes user input from forms and interfaces with the model to add or retrieve data from the database. It provides examples of specific PHP files that could be used for each MVC component for a social networking site.