approaches, methods and activities in language teaching
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The document discusses the history and various methods of language teaching. It describes the Grammar Translation Method, Direct Method, Audiolingual Method, and Community Language Learning approach. It also covers principles of Communicative Language Teaching such as learner-centered teaching, cooperative learning, and task-based learning. Research suggests that language is best learned in an environment that allows risk-taking, supports expression, uses grammar in context, incorporates technology, and provides corrective feedback.
approaches, methods and activities in language teaching
- 1. Approaches, Methods and Activities in Language Teaching Prepared By: Alcalde, Analyn B. Matucan, Baijonie Andres, April Nenia BSE III English
- 2. History of the Methods of Language Teaching Classical Method (GTM) Direct Method (Gouin and Berlits) Audiolingual Method (Army Method)
- 3. Language Teaching Method 1. Grammar Translation Method Classes are taught in mother tongue with little active use of the target language. Much vocabulary is taught in the form of list of isolated words. Long-elaborate explanations of the intricacies of grammar are given.
- 4. Grammar provides the rules for putting words together and instruction often focuses on the form and inflection of words. Reading of difficult classical texts is begun early. Little attention is paid to the content of the texts which are treated as exercises in grammatical analysis. Little or no attention is given to pronunciation.
- 5. 2. Direct Method Classroom instruction was conducted exclusively in the target language. Only everyday vocabulary and sentences were aught. Grammar was taught inductively Both speech and listening were taught Correct pronunciation and grammar is emphasized.
- 6. 3. Audiolingual Method (ALM) New material is presented in dialog form. There is independence on mimicry, memorization of set of phrases and overlearning. Structural patterns are taught using repetitive drills. Vocabulary is strictly limited and learned in context. There is much use of tapes, language labs and visual aids.
- 7. Great importance is attached to pronunciation. Very little use of the mother tongue but teachers is permitted. Successful responses are immediately reinforced. There is great effort to get students to produce error- free utterances.
- 8. 4. Designers Method a. Community Language Learning (CLL) Affectively-based method Carl Rogers’ view of education in which learners are regarded as “group” rather than a “class” who are in need of therapy and counseling.
- 9. b. Suggestopedia -This grew from Bulgarian psychologist Georgi Lozanov’s view that human brain could process great quantities of material if simply given the right conditions for learning. It is more of memorization and far from comprehensive process of language acquisition.
- 10. c. Silent way -method capitalized on language discovery. Learning is facilitated: a. Learner discover or creates rather than remember and repeat what is to be learned b. by accompanying physical objects c. by problem solving involving the material to be learned
- 11. d. Total Physical Response - Anchored on the trace theory of learning which claims that the memory is increase if it is stimulated or trace through association with physical activity. Its theatrical and dramatic appeal to language learning is commendable.
- 12. 5. Natural Method -this method believed that learners would be benefited if production is delayed until speech emerges. Involves 3 stages: a. Preproduction stage- the development of listening comprehension skills
- 13. b. Early production stage- usually marked with errors as students struggle with the language. Here, teacher focused more on the meaning. c. Extending production into longer stretches of discourse involving more complex games, role-plays, open-ended dialogs, discussion and extended small group.
- 14. 6. Communicative Language Teaching a. Emphasis on learning to communicate through interaction in target language; b. Introduction of authentic texts into the learning situation. c. Provision of opportunities for learners to focus, not only on language, but also on the learning process itself.
- 15. Principle Related to Communicative Language Teaching
- 16. 1. Learner- Centered teaching 2. Cooperative learning 3. Interactive learning 4. Whole language education - emphasis on: a. the wholeness of language; b. interaction and interconnection of macro skills; c. importance of written code.
- 17. 5. Content- centered Education -content learning is integrated in language teaching. Also, a study of language and subject matter. 6. Task-based learning -learning that is focused on task.
- 18. 7. Research says that an environment that promotes language practice: a. Allows students to take risk to with language. b. Supports students’ attempts to express ideas, c. Uses grammatical structures in their natural context, d. Uses “user-friendly” interactive technology and e. Correct students’ utterances by echoing them correctly.
- 19. Thank You for Watching
- 20. Prepared By: Alcalde, Analyn B. Matucan, Baijonie Andres, April Nenia BSE III English