Input & output unit processor
- 1. INPUT /OUTPUT UNIT AND PROCESSOR
- 2. JASHORE UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, BANGLADESH Made by:. Famia Rahma… Md. Moniruzzaman..Jubayer Hossain.. Rony Akther Edited & published: Md. Humayun kobir Department : Agro product processing technology
- 3. Learning Outcome • Input unit and its function • Types of input devices • Output unit and its function • Types of output devices • Processor • Working of processor • Basic knowledge about processor • Components of CPU • Explain about single, double and multi core processors • conclusion
- 4. Input unit The input unit is formed by the input devices attached to the computer. Input devices are used to interact with a computer system or used enter data and instructions to the computer. These devices convert input data and instructions into a suitable binary form such as ASCII, which can be acceptable by the computer
- 5. Function of Input unit In brief, an input unit performs the following function: • It accepts data and instruction from the outside worlds. • It converts these data and instruction into computer understandable from a binary form. • It supplied the converted data and instruction to the computer system for further processing
- 6. Types of input devices Following are some of the important input devices which are used in a computer − • Keyboard • Mouse • Joy Stick • Scanner • Microphone • Touch screen
- 7. Keyboard • Keyboard Was Invented By Christopher Latham Sholes4c • A Keyboard is a human interface device whichisrepresented as layout of button or keys. • Keyboard is the most common input device used for entering text data directly into a computer. • A computer keyboard is similar to that of a typewriter, but it has additional keys as well. • The most common available computer keyboard has 104 keys.
- 8. Mouse • Mouse Was Invented In during 1960’s. By Douglas Engalebart. • Mouse is another popular input device used with modern computers. • It is basically a pointing device used to provide input in graphic-user interface operating systems. • It is a small palm size box, which appears a bit like a mouse. • Mouse can be used to control and manipulate cursor movement on monitor. • There are three types of mouse mechanical mouse,optical mouse , wireless mouse.
- 9. Joystick • Joystick Was Invented In 1972. By Ralph H. Baer,. • A joystick is an input device consisting of a stick that pivots on a base and reports its angle or direction to the device it is controlling. • This is principal control device in the cockpit of many civilian and military aircraft, either as a centre stick or side-stick. • Joysticks are often used to control video games, and usually have one or more push- buttons whose state can also be read by the computer. • Joysticks are also used for controlling machines such as cranes, trucks, underwater unmanned vehicles, wheelchairs etc.
- 10. Scanner • Édouard Belin's Belinograph of 1913, scanned using a photocell and transmitted over ordinary phone lines, formed the basis for the AT&T Wirephoto service. • A scanner is a device that captures images from photographic prints, posters, magazine pages, and similar sources for computer editing and display. • Scanners come in hand-held, feed-in, and flatbed types and for scanning black-and-white only, or color. • Some major manufacturers of scanners include: Epson, Hewlett-Packard, Microtek, and Relisys.
- 11. Microphone • A microphone, colloquially called a mic or mike, is a device – a transducer – that converts sound into an electrical signal. • Microphone is the commonly used audio input device in computers. It is used to amplify or record the sounds using computers. • These are the devices that transfer sound inputs to the computer. • Microphones are becoming very common due to the trend of chatting and video conferencing.
- 12. Touch screen • A touchscreen or touch screen is the assembly of both an input and output device. • Touch screen is a special input device, which only needs a finger touch to supply input to the system. • Touch screen are the monitors with a special pressure sensitive screen that detects the touch of a finger on a particular point of time. • Most of the items are coming in market with touch screen ability. • The touch panel is normally layered on the top of an electronic visual display of an information processing system
- 13. Output unit • The output unit is formed by the output devices attached to the computer. Output devices are used to present results produced by the computer to the users. The output from the computer is in the form of electric signals, which are then converted into human understandable form into human-readable form.
- 14. Function Of Output Unit In brief, an input unit performs the following function: • Accepts the result produced by the computer which is in electric binary signals. • It then converts the result into human readable form. • Finally, it supplied the converted results to the outside word.
- 15. Type of output device Types of Output Soft-copy output Hard-copy output • Not produced on a paper or some material that can be touched and carried for being shown to others • Temporary in nature and vanish after use • Examples are output displayed on a terminal screen or spoken out by a voice response system • Produced on a paper or some material that can be touched and carried for being shown to others • Permanent in nature and can be kept in paper files or can be looked at a later time when the person is not using the computer • Examples are output produced by printers or plotters on paper
- 16. Type of output device Following are some of the important output devices which are mostly used − • Monitor • Printer • Computer Speakers • Projector • Plotter
- 17. Monitor • A monitor is a softcopy output device that produces output in the form of a picture on the screen. • It is just like a television screen usually used to see programs on a computer. • At present, computer monitors are available in a variety of shapes, designs and colors. • Monitor associated with a keyboard is called a video display terminal (VDT). It is the most popular output device
- 18. Printer printer Dot-Matrix Printers Inkjet Printers Drum Printers Chain/Band Printers Laser Printers
- 19. Dot-Matrix Printers Character printers that form characters and all kinds of images as a pattern of dots Print many special characters, different sizes of print and graphics such as charts and graphs Impact printers can be used for generating multiple copies by using carbon paper or its equivalent Slow, with speeds usually ranging between 30 to 600 characters per second Cheap in both initial cost and cost of operation
- 20. Inkjet Printers Character printers that form characters and all kinds of images by spraying small drops of ink on to the paper Print head contains up to 64 tiny nozzles that can be selectively heated up in a few micro seconds by an integrated circuit register To print a character, the printer selectively heats the appropriate set of nozzles as the print head moves horizontally Can print many special characters, different sizes of print, and graphics such as charts and graphs
- 21. Drum Printers Line printers that print one line at a time Have a solid cylindrical drum with characters embossed on its surface in the form of circular bands Set of hammers mounted in front of the drum in such a manner that an inked ribbon and paper can be placed between the hammers and the drum Can only print a pre-defined set of characters in a pre- defined style that is embossed on the drum Impact printers and usually monochrome Typical speeds are in the range of 300 to 2000 lines per minute
- 22. Laser Printers Line printers that print one line at a time Have a solid cylindrical drum with characters embossed on its surface in the form of circular bands Set of hammers mounted in front of the drum in such a manner that an inked ribbon and paper can be placed between the hammers and the drum Can only print a pre-defined set of characters in a pre- defined style that is embossed on the drum Impact printers and usually monochrome Typical speeds are in the range of 300 to 2000 lines per minute
- 23. Computer Speakers Speakers also produce softcopy output in the form of sounds. Speakers are used to play sound in computers. They may be built-in or externally connected to your system. Speakers allow user to listen to music and hear sound effects and spoken text using computer.
- 24. Projector A projector or image projector is an optical device that projects an image (or moving images) onto a surface, commonly a projection screen The most common type of projector used today is called a video projector. The newest types of projectors are handheld projectors that use lasers or LEDs to project images
- 25. Plotter Plotter is an output device that draws pictures on a large piece of paper. Plotters are mainly used to print maps, layouts, banners, and reports that are very large in size. The main advantage of plotter is producing line drawings with a very high degree or accuracy.
- 26. Processor A processor or Central Processing Unit (CPU) is an electronic circuit that can execute computer programs. A processor is the logic circuitry that responds to and processes the basic instructions that drives a computer. A computer processor analyzes data and controls data flow in a computer. It handles the central management functions of a high-powered PC.
- 27. Working of processor The working of processor mainly consist four steps i.e. Fetch, Decode, Execute and Write back. These steps are discussed below • Fetch : During the fetch step, the processor retrieves program instructions from memory. • Decode : In this step, the instruction is broken down into parts.
- 28. Working of processor • Execute : In the execute step, CPU performs the operation implied by the program instructions. • Write back : During the write back step, the Processor writes back the results of execution, to the computer's memory.
- 29. Basic Knowledge of Processor Basic knowledge of Processor Clock speed : Clock speed is a measure of how quickly a computer completes basic computations and operations. It is measured as a frequency in hertz. Generally this speed varies 2.4-3.4 GHz Core : A processor core is a hardware unit in the processor architecture that can execute instructions sent to it. Hyper threading : Thread are the virtual core and work like a real core inside cpu. When cores assembled with multi threads then it is known as Hyper threading technology.
- 30. Basic Knowledge of Processor Basic knowledge of Processor Cache : The cache is the first block of RAM which interact between the main memory and CPU using cache controller chip. This memory helps processor to fetch instructions in quick routine and is very faster than RAM Multi Processing: Simultaneous processing with two or more processors in one computer or two or more computers processing together Parallel processing: The simultaneous use of more than one cpu or processor core to execute a program or multiple computational threads
- 31. Basic Knowledge of Processor Basic knowledge of Processor Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU) : It carries out the logical, algebrical or any types calculations Control unit: It manages the fetching, decoding and execution of the instructions. Registors : It is very fast temporary storage locations which hold data being processed, instructions being executed and addresses of the memory location to be accessed. Internal buses : Buses are used to transmit informations from one place to another.
- 32. What is single, double and multi core processors? Single core: Has one core to process different operations like intel Pentium Dual core : Has two cores to process operations; able to process more information at the same time compare to single core like intel core i3 and i5. Quad core: Contains two dual core processors in one integrated circuit and generally used for multi tasking like intel core i7.
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