Effect of Isolated and Combined Training of Weight and Plyometric Training on Selected Physical and Physiological Variables among College Men
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This study investigates the effects of isolated and combined weight and plyometric training on various physical and physiological variables among college men in Andhra Pradesh, India. Over 12 weeks, 80 participants were divided into four groups, with the experimental groups undergoing specific training regimens, while the control group maintained regular activities. Results indicated significant enhancements in explosive power, muscular endurance, strength, speed, and cardiovascular endurance across training groups compared to the control group.
![Effect Of Isolated And Combined Training Of Weight And Plyometric Training On Selected Physical
www.iosrjournals.org 32 | Page
Training Programme for Combined Training Group ‘C’
DAY TRAINING
MONDAY WEIGHT TRAINING
TUESDAY PLYOMETRIC TRAINING
WEDNESDAY REST
THURSDAY WEIGHT TRAINING
FRIDAY PLYOMETRIC TRAINING
SATURDAY REST
SUNDAY REST
IV. CONCLUSION
Taking into account the consequence of the study emulating conclusions were drawn. Dangerous
Power was essentially enhanced by the weight preparing gathering, Plyometric preparing assembly and joined
together preparing assembly when contrasted and control group. Explosive Power was fundamentally enhanced
by the consolidated preparing aggregation when contrasted and weight preparing assembly and plyometric
preparing group. Explosive Power was altogether enhanced by the plyometric preparing gathering when
contrasted and weight preparing group. Muscular persistence was essentially enhanced by the weight taining
assembly, plyometric preparing gathering and joined together preparing gathering when contrasted and control
group. Muscular perseverance was fundamentally enhanced by the consolidated preparing assembly when
contrasted and weight preparing gathering and plyometric preparing group. Muscular continuance was
essentially enhanced by the weight preparing gathering when contrasted and plyometric preparing group.
Muscular quality was essentially enhanced by the weight preparing gathering, plyometric preparing assembly
and joined together preparing assembly when contrasted and control group. Muscular quality was essentially
enhanced by the joined together preparing gathering when contrasted and weight preparing gathering and
plyometric preparing group. Muscular quality was essentially enhanced by the weight preparing gathering when
contrasted and plyometric preparing group. Speed was essentially enhanced by the weight preparing gathering,
Plyometric preparing gathering and consolidated preparing gathering when contrasted and control group. Speed
was fundamentally enhanced by the joined together preparing assembly when contrasted and weight preparing
gathering and plyometric preparing group. Speed was essentially enhanced by the plyometric preparing
assembly when contrasted and weight preparing group. Resting beat rate was essentially enhanced by the weight
preparing gathering, Plyometric preparing assembly and joined together preparing gathering when contrasted
and control group. Resting beat rate was fundamentally enhanced by the consolidated preparing gathering when
contrasted and weight preparing assembly and plyometric preparing group. Resting beat rate was essentially
enhanced by the weight preparing gathering when contrasted and plyometric preparing group. Breath holding
time was fundamentally enhanced by the weight preparing assembly, Plyometric preparing assembly and
consolidated preparing gathering when contrasted and control group. There was no huge change in breath
holding time when analysed between weight preparing gatherings, Plyometric preparing gathering and joined
together preparing group. Cardio vascular continuance was fundamentally enhanced by the weight preparing
aggregation, Plyometric preparing gathering and consolidated preparing assembly when contrasted and control
group. Cardio vascular persistence was essentially enhanced by the joined together preparing gathering when
contrasted and weight preparing assembly and plyometric preparing group. There was no noteworthy in cardio-
vascular perseverance when looked at between weight preparing gathering and plyometric preparing gathering.
References
[1] Avery D. Faigenbaum, Effects of Different Resistance Training Protocols on Upper-Body Strength & Endurance Development. The
Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research: Vol. 15, No. 4, pp.459–465.
[2] Bevan, H.R., Owen, N.J, Cunningham, D.J, Kingsley, M.I., Kilduff, L.P. Complex training in professional rugby players: influence
of recovery time on upper-body power output. J Strength Cond Res. 2009 Sep; 23(6):1780-5. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181b3f269.
[3] Daniel Juarez, José M. Gonzalez-Rave, Fernando Navarro (2009). Effects of complex vs. non complex training programs on lower
body maximum strength and power Sport Training Laboratory, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Castilla La Mancha,
Toledo, Spain.
[4] Daniel W. Robbins, Warren B. Young, David G. Behm & Warren R. Payne (2009) Effects of agonist–antagonist complex resistance
training on upper body strength and power development. Version of record first published: 04 Dec 2009.
[5] Comyns, T.M, Harrison, A.J, Hennessy, L.K. (2010). Effect of squatting on sprinting performance and repeated exposure to
complex training in male rugby players. J Strength Cond Res. Mar; 24(3):610-8. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181c7c3fc.
[6] Croucher, Paul E. et al., (2010) Effects of an assisted jump training stimulus on explosive performance. Master’s thesis, Wintec.
[7] Eduardo, J.A.M. Santos, Manuel, A.A.S. Janeira (2008), Effects of Complex Training on explosive strength in adolescent male
basketball players. Journal of strength and conditioning research: the research journal of the NSCA.
[8] Ingle, Lee, Sleap, Mike, Tolfrey, Keith (2010). The effect of a complex training and detraining programme on selected strength and
power variables in early Home > Vol 1, No 12 (2010) > Suthakar Krishnaswamy1, Annida Balakrishnan.
[9] Jones P, Lees A. (2003). A biomechanical analysis of the acute effects of complex training using lower limb exercises. J Strength
Cond Res. (2003) Nov; 17(4):694-700.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/f0112933-150114040941-conversion-gate01/85/Effect-of-Isolated-and-Combined-Training-of-Weight-and-Plyometric-Training-on-Selected-Physical-and-Physiological-Variables-among-College-Men-4-320.jpg)
![Effect Of Isolated And Combined Training Of Weight And Plyometric Training On Selected Physical
www.iosrjournals.org 33 | Page
[10] Klintsova, A.Y, Cowell, R.M, Swain, R.A, Napper, R.M, Goodlett, C.R, Greenough, W.T. (1998). Therapeutic effects of complex
motor training on motor performance deficits induced by neonatal binge-like alcohol exposure in rats. I. Behavioral results. Brain
Res. 1998 Jul 27; 800(1):48-61. Series: Physical Education and Sport Vol. 3, No 1, 2005, pp. 81–91 Scientific Paper.
[11] Lloyd, R, Deutsch, M. (2008). Effect of order of exercise on performance during a complex training session in rugby players. J
Sports Sci. Jun; 26(8):803-9.
[12] Ludwig-Maximilians, “Effects of a Complex Cognitive Training in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Mild Alzheimer's disease.
[13] Matthews, M, Comfort, P. and Crebin (2010). Complex training in ice hockey. The effects of a heavy resisted sprint on subsequent
ice-hockey sprint performance. Research, 24 (11), pp. 2883-2887.
[14] Milivoje Karalejic (2009). The effect of a complex training and detraining programme on selected strength and power variables in
early pubertal boys Borko Petrovic Original scientific paper.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/f0112933-150114040941-conversion-gate01/85/Effect-of-Isolated-and-Combined-Training-of-Weight-and-Plyometric-Training-on-Selected-Physical-and-Physiological-Variables-among-College-Men-5-320.jpg)
Effect of Isolated and Combined Training of Weight and Plyometric Training on Selected Physical and Physiological Variables among College Men
- 1. IOSR Journal of Sports and Physical Education (IOSR-JSPE) e-ISSN: 2347-6745, p-ISSN: 2347-6737, Volume 1, Issue 1 (Sep. – Oct. 2013), PP 29-33 www.iosrjournals.org www.iosrjournals.org 29 | Page Effect of Isolated and Combined Training of Weight and Plyometric Training on Selected Physical and Physiological Variables among College Men David Nelaturi 1 , Dr. P.P.S. Paul Kumar2 1 Research Scholar, College Of Physical Education And Sports Sciences, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur Dist., 2 Principal, College Of Physical Education And Sports Sciences, Acharya Nagarjuna University, Guntur Dist., A.P. Abstract: The reason for this study was to figure out the impact of disconnected and joined weight and plyometric preparing on chosen physical and physiological variables around school men. To confirm the progressions because of the impact of weight preparing on chosen physical and physiological variables around school men, plyometric preparing on chosen physical and physiological variables around school men. To confirm the progressions because of the joined impact of weight and plyometric preparing on chosen physical and physiological around school men. The reason for the study was to discover the impact of weight, Plyometric and Combined preparing on chosen physical and physiological variables to be specific hazardous force, husky perseverance, brawny quality, speed, resting beat rate, breathing holding time and cardiovascular continuance around school men. To realize the motivation behind this study, 80 school men learner were chosen at irregular from in and around the Krishna region of Andhra Pradesh, their age ran from 18-23 years. They were partitioned into four equivalent bunches and every gathering comprised 20 subjects. Group-An experienced weight preparing; Group-B experienced Plyometric preparing and Group-C experienced joined preparing for three days for every week for 12 weeks and Group D went about as a control that did not include any uncommon preparing separated from the customary curricular exercises. While plyometric preparing is requesting and place respectable push on the figure. The volume and power of the plyometric preparing inside every these categorise might be directed to low and high practice. The subject of the plyometric assembly cleared the base quality prerequisite test and exhibits both static and changing control test of their physique weight with single leg squat, low power place plyometric preparing. Keywords: Physiological, College Men, Plyometric, variables, Weight. I. INTRODUCTION Aggressive games are turning into an exceedingly specialized occupations, a mess of exploration is continuously done by the western nations on the logical support of execution in games. As an after effect of this research, new methods are, no doubt embraced for preparing abnormal amount sportsmen. In India, because of absence of sufficient research offices in diverse sports sciences. India is vigorously hinging upon the preparation strategies being emulated by the western nations. Thus, it is evident that the Indians may as well make along stride to get the cutting edge nations in the field of physical instruction, research and games preparing. The proficiency of contenders might be helped up through fitting preparing and molding. The molding of preparing has diverse viewpoints incorporating the differed physical and physiological variables. The utilization of deductive system or systems has served to improve new and adequate preparing technique. One such technique for preparing is bundle of preparing, which has now come to be utilized by games mentors within distinctive parts of the planet. The segments of physical fitness are quality, continuance, speed, adaptability, nimbleness and co appointment. A large portion of the profits of physical fitness are attained through preparing. Preparing is typically characterized as precise procedure of tedious accelerating practice or work, including the studying process and acclimatization. Training has been characterized as a customized of practice intended to enhance the expertise and increment the rise limits of a player for a specific occasion. Physical preparing is the eldest and most broadly utilized term. Physical preparing is a procedure by which a unique arranges him to meet certain physical tests. Normally including exercises molding practice, bores and acrobatic activities and so forth. It is a kind of penetrating, a type of reiteration of aggregated, evaluations and some of the time cadenced activities which when give to the warriors over time of time, produce men who battle to the completion in war. The thought is to generate men of mental for a specified. II. Aims & Objectives Of Study Games preparing is a procedure of planning of sportsmen dependent upon exploratory and pedagogical standards for higher execution.
- 2. Effect Of Isolated And Combined Training Of Weight And Plyometric Training On Selected Physical www.iosrjournals.org 30 | Page The major point of games preparing is to realize abnormal amount execution. The games execution depends all in all on physical fitness. Sports action is a physical movement, which is not conceivable without these engine capabilities. Along these lines the change of physical fitness or engine capabilities is central point of games preparing. The methodology of change of engine capabilities is called molding. The physical fitness or condition is the entirety of fine engine capabilities in particular quality, speed, perseverance, adaptability and coordinative capacities. These fine engine capabilities and their unpredictable structure (e.g., Strength, persistence, unstable quality and so forth.) are the fundamental essentials for human engine movements. Therefore, the games execution in all games depends to an extraordinary degree on these capabilities. The change and upholds of physical fitness or condition is the most imperative point of games preparing. Each games requires an alternate sort and level of physical condition and as outcome an alternate sort of fitness Preparing or molding is needed for diverse sports. General physical fitness is the level of different engine capabilities, paying little respect to any games, which the sportsman has. The commitment of general physical fitness towards sports execution is backhanded. But it might as well never be ignored that particular physical fitness depends all in all on the general physical fitness. III. METHODS & MATERIALS A. Plyometric training Plyometric preparing is particular work for the improvement of touchy Power. It is a preparation strategy to be utilized within conjunction with other power advancement system in a complete preparing programme to enhance the relationship between most extreme quality and dangerous [power. In most sports occasions there is occasional enough opportunity to advance most extreme quality which takes 5 to 7 seconds. Most dangerous ballistic developments don't take that long. Therefore the premium is on producing the higher conceivable compel in the most limited time of time and diminishing or ceasing this constrain at the closure of the movement. With this target plyometric preparing has an essential part in preparing and additionally recovery programme. Objective plyometric preparing has essential part in preparing and in addition restoration programme. Plyometric preparing improves the tolerance of the muscles for expanded extends loads. This expanded tolerance improves productivity in the stretch shortening cycle of muscles movement. During the extending of muscles activity a more stupendous measure of flexible vigor is archived in muscles. This flexible vigor is then diminished in the accompanying concentric movement to make it solid. The way to this is a short coupling time, which is the time it takes for the muscles to switch from the lengthening/yielding stage. This leads us to principal standards of plyometric preparing. The rodent, not the extent of the stretch is the thing that confirms the use of flexible vigor and exchange of concoction vigor into mechanical work. B. Weight Training Power is a crucial part for most games and recreations. The entire player needs to utilize a mess of hazardous power joined together with speed and quality. The player is acknowledged to be in exceptional shape when he has the ability to utilize the Power adequately, joined together with aptitude. Explosive Power could be produced through weight preparing activities, as well as quality and adaptability. A fit figure is a fusion of quality suppleness and stamina. Training can carry out the shrouded potential of the form to a degree far past ordinary limit. Weight preparing aides in diminishing push and helps the players understand his hazardous quality or Power. The most stupendous playing point of weight preparing is that particular muscle gatherings could be practiced to carry out their hazardous quality. For instance, a thief who utilizes his leg muscle as a part of footwork, leg pushes and so forth. Many as well practice weight preparing for leg and calf muscles. The remarkable characteristic of weight preparing is the control and exactness that is licenses. Weight preparing is a fitness action, as well as fabricates imperviousness to damages. This preparation is likewise valuable to harmed players who, with the right sort of activities have the ability to recuperate from the harm all the more rapidly, since debilitated, harmed muscles are fortified to their previous state. The primary thought behind current preparing strategies is to build safety by method of activities steadily. Weight preparing includes the utilization of a muscle or a gathering of muscles against a safety that is spoken to by weight. The more stupendous the safety or weight, the more amazing of the husky exertion (weave mounds and George green-working out with weights). It is essential for the player to warm up legitimately before leaving on weight preparing activities, as this will make his physique muscles plaint and open to the activities that take after. In any practice programme, the best judge to settle on the right measure of weight/resistance is the figure. The player might as well begin with lightweights and increment the poundage continuously. When the practice gets less demanding, he needs to expand the poundage slowly. There are different methods of weight preparing, for example multi-rec centre with diverse practice stations, weight preparing with free weights, for example prescription balls, sand sacks, dump chimes, and bar ringers of distinctive poundage, and so on. The safety is furnished through water driven qualities. The point when there is no supplies promptly accessible, weight
- 3. Effect Of Isolated And Combined Training Of Weight And Plyometric Training On Selected Physical www.iosrjournals.org 31 | Page preparing can additionally is done with the assistance of an accomplice. Since Kabaddi is a figure contact diversion, safety Power could be improvement in the players with the assistance of accomplices, flexible groups, running against solid wind, playing on an ocean shore, running is shallow water, and so on., Isometric and Isokinetic activities are best suited for advancing quality. IV. Material Observation, Analysis & Discussion With the end goal of this study, parallel bunch outline was utilized within request to realize this reason 80 understudies have been chosen at arbitrary from Krishna area of Andhra Pradesh. They were isolated into four equivalent bunches and designated as trial aggregation A test assembly B exploratory bunch C and control bunch D. Weight preparing was given to test aggregation A. Plyometric preparing was given to test gathering B and joined together preparing was given to exploratory bunch C. Even however, the control assembly was permitted to achieve their day by day physical movement programme; they were not permitted to take part in the trial medicine. The preparation programme was led week by week for three days from 5.00 p.m. to 6.00 p.m. in Indira Gandhi Municipal Stadium, Vijayawada Krishna District of Andhra Pradesh for the time of 12 weeks. The subjects were tried as unstable force, brawny perseverance, bulky quality, Speed, resting beat rate breathing holding time and cardio-vascular continuance at the starting (Pre-test) and at the closure of the exploratory period (Post-test). VARIABLES TESTS PHYSICAL VARIABLES 1. Explosive power 2. Muscular endurance 3. Muscular strength 4. speed 1.Standing Board Jump (In Meters) 2.Bent-knee sit-ups (In numbers) 3.Push up (In numbers) (In Numbers per minute) 4. 50 yard dash (in seconds ) PHYSIOLOGICAL VARIABLES 1. Cardiovascular endurance 2. Breath Holding Time 3. Resting pulse Rate 1. Cooper’s 12 minute Run and walk ( in meters) 2. Breath Holding Test (In Seconds) 3. Manual time taken (radial artery of the wrist (in numbers/minutes) Training Programme and Procedure Throughout the preparation period bunch An experienced weight preparing, assembly B experienced plyometric preparing and bunch C experienced the joined preparing. The subject of three assemblies experienced their particular preparing programme for three day for every week for 12 weeks. In each day work out one hour which incorporated warm-up and limbering down. plyometric preparing session was 5.00 p.m. to 6.00 p.m. what's more the weight preparing session 5.00 p.m. to 6.00 p.m. also consolidated preparing session 5.00 p.m. to 6. p.m. were planned for twelve weeks. What's more aggregation D went about as control that didn't take an interest in any unique preparing programme. The trial aggregations experienced their particular programme under the supervision of the analyst. The subjects were deliberately screened and addressed about their health status all through the preparation programme. None of the subject had reported any harm. Training Programme for Weight Training Group ‘A’ DAY TRAINING MONDAY WEIGHT TRAINING TUESDAY WEIGHT TRAINING WEDNESDAY REST THURSDAY WEIGHT TRAINING FRIDAY WEIGHT TRAINING SATURDAY REST SUNDAY REST Training Programme for Weight Training Group ‘A’ DAY TRAINING MONDAY PLYOMETRIC TRAINING TUESDAY PLYOMETRIC TRAINING WEDNESDAY REST THURSDAY PLYOMETRIC TRAINING FRIDAY PLYOMETRIC TRAINING SATURDAY REST SUNDAY REST
- 4. Effect Of Isolated And Combined Training Of Weight And Plyometric Training On Selected Physical www.iosrjournals.org 32 | Page Training Programme for Combined Training Group ‘C’ DAY TRAINING MONDAY WEIGHT TRAINING TUESDAY PLYOMETRIC TRAINING WEDNESDAY REST THURSDAY WEIGHT TRAINING FRIDAY PLYOMETRIC TRAINING SATURDAY REST SUNDAY REST IV. CONCLUSION Taking into account the consequence of the study emulating conclusions were drawn. Dangerous Power was essentially enhanced by the weight preparing gathering, Plyometric preparing assembly and joined together preparing assembly when contrasted and control group. Explosive Power was fundamentally enhanced by the consolidated preparing aggregation when contrasted and weight preparing assembly and plyometric preparing group. Explosive Power was altogether enhanced by the plyometric preparing gathering when contrasted and weight preparing group. Muscular persistence was essentially enhanced by the weight taining assembly, plyometric preparing gathering and joined together preparing gathering when contrasted and control group. Muscular perseverance was fundamentally enhanced by the consolidated preparing assembly when contrasted and weight preparing gathering and plyometric preparing group. Muscular continuance was essentially enhanced by the weight preparing gathering when contrasted and plyometric preparing group. Muscular quality was essentially enhanced by the weight preparing gathering, plyometric preparing assembly and joined together preparing assembly when contrasted and control group. Muscular quality was essentially enhanced by the joined together preparing gathering when contrasted and weight preparing gathering and plyometric preparing group. Muscular quality was essentially enhanced by the weight preparing gathering when contrasted and plyometric preparing group. Speed was essentially enhanced by the weight preparing gathering, Plyometric preparing gathering and consolidated preparing gathering when contrasted and control group. Speed was fundamentally enhanced by the joined together preparing assembly when contrasted and weight preparing gathering and plyometric preparing group. Speed was essentially enhanced by the plyometric preparing assembly when contrasted and weight preparing group. Resting beat rate was essentially enhanced by the weight preparing gathering, Plyometric preparing assembly and joined together preparing gathering when contrasted and control group. Resting beat rate was fundamentally enhanced by the consolidated preparing gathering when contrasted and weight preparing assembly and plyometric preparing group. Resting beat rate was essentially enhanced by the weight preparing gathering when contrasted and plyometric preparing group. Breath holding time was fundamentally enhanced by the weight preparing assembly, Plyometric preparing assembly and consolidated preparing gathering when contrasted and control group. There was no huge change in breath holding time when analysed between weight preparing gatherings, Plyometric preparing gathering and joined together preparing group. Cardio vascular continuance was fundamentally enhanced by the weight preparing aggregation, Plyometric preparing gathering and consolidated preparing assembly when contrasted and control group. Cardio vascular persistence was essentially enhanced by the joined together preparing gathering when contrasted and weight preparing assembly and plyometric preparing group. There was no noteworthy in cardio- vascular perseverance when looked at between weight preparing gathering and plyometric preparing gathering. References [1] Avery D. Faigenbaum, Effects of Different Resistance Training Protocols on Upper-Body Strength & Endurance Development. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research: Vol. 15, No. 4, pp.459–465. [2] Bevan, H.R., Owen, N.J, Cunningham, D.J, Kingsley, M.I., Kilduff, L.P. Complex training in professional rugby players: influence of recovery time on upper-body power output. J Strength Cond Res. 2009 Sep; 23(6):1780-5. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181b3f269. [3] Daniel Juarez, José M. Gonzalez-Rave, Fernando Navarro (2009). Effects of complex vs. non complex training programs on lower body maximum strength and power Sport Training Laboratory, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Castilla La Mancha, Toledo, Spain. [4] Daniel W. Robbins, Warren B. Young, David G. Behm & Warren R. Payne (2009) Effects of agonist–antagonist complex resistance training on upper body strength and power development. Version of record first published: 04 Dec 2009. [5] Comyns, T.M, Harrison, A.J, Hennessy, L.K. (2010). Effect of squatting on sprinting performance and repeated exposure to complex training in male rugby players. J Strength Cond Res. Mar; 24(3):610-8. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181c7c3fc. [6] Croucher, Paul E. et al., (2010) Effects of an assisted jump training stimulus on explosive performance. Master’s thesis, Wintec. [7] Eduardo, J.A.M. Santos, Manuel, A.A.S. Janeira (2008), Effects of Complex Training on explosive strength in adolescent male basketball players. Journal of strength and conditioning research: the research journal of the NSCA. [8] Ingle, Lee, Sleap, Mike, Tolfrey, Keith (2010). The effect of a complex training and detraining programme on selected strength and power variables in early Home > Vol 1, No 12 (2010) > Suthakar Krishnaswamy1, Annida Balakrishnan. [9] Jones P, Lees A. (2003). A biomechanical analysis of the acute effects of complex training using lower limb exercises. J Strength Cond Res. (2003) Nov; 17(4):694-700.
- 5. Effect Of Isolated And Combined Training Of Weight And Plyometric Training On Selected Physical www.iosrjournals.org 33 | Page [10] Klintsova, A.Y, Cowell, R.M, Swain, R.A, Napper, R.M, Goodlett, C.R, Greenough, W.T. (1998). Therapeutic effects of complex motor training on motor performance deficits induced by neonatal binge-like alcohol exposure in rats. I. Behavioral results. Brain Res. 1998 Jul 27; 800(1):48-61. Series: Physical Education and Sport Vol. 3, No 1, 2005, pp. 81–91 Scientific Paper. [11] Lloyd, R, Deutsch, M. (2008). Effect of order of exercise on performance during a complex training session in rugby players. J Sports Sci. Jun; 26(8):803-9. [12] Ludwig-Maximilians, “Effects of a Complex Cognitive Training in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Mild Alzheimer's disease. [13] Matthews, M, Comfort, P. and Crebin (2010). Complex training in ice hockey. The effects of a heavy resisted sprint on subsequent ice-hockey sprint performance. Research, 24 (11), pp. 2883-2887. [14] Milivoje Karalejic (2009). The effect of a complex training and detraining programme on selected strength and power variables in early pubertal boys Borko Petrovic Original scientific paper.