IPV6 ADDRESS
- 1. Data Communication and Networks Topic : IPv6 Addresses
- 2. IPv6 Addresses An Internet Protocol version 6 address (IPv6 address) is a numerical label that is used to identify a network interface of a computer or other network node participating in an IPv6 computer network.
- 3. Structure An IPv6 address consists of 16 bytes (octets); it is 128 bits long Hexadecimal Colon Notation More readable 128 bit is divided into 8 sections ,each bytes in length 2 bytes in hexadecimal notation requires 4 hexadecimal digits Address consists of 32 hexadecimal digits Every 4 digits separated by a colon
- 4. IPv6 address in binary and hexadecimal colon notation
- 5. Abbreviation •Hexadecimal format is very long. •Many of the digits are zeros. •Leading zeros of a section can be omitted. •Only leading zeros can be dropped ,not the trailing zeros.
- 6. Abbrevation of IPv6 addresses
- 7. IPv6 has a much larger address space . The designers of IPv6 divided the address into several categories. A few leftmost bits, called the type prefix in each address define its category Address Space
- 8. Type prefixes for IPv6 addresses
- 9. Type prefixes for IPv6 addresses(continued)
- 10. Types of IPv6 address -Unicast Addresses -Multicast Addresses -Anycast Addresses
- 11. Unicast Addresses A unicast address defines a single computer. The packet sent to a unicast address must be delivered to that specific computer. IPv6 defines two types of unicast address: Geo-graphically based Provider-based
- 12. Unicast address
- 13. The provider-based address is generally used by a normal host as a unicast address. Prefixes for provider-based unicast address
- 14. Fields for the provider based are as follows: Type identifier:- 3 bit field Address as the provider based address Registry identifier:- 5 bit field 3 registry centers : INTERNIC ,RIPNIC ,APNIC Provider identifier:- 16 bit field
- 15. (Continued….) Subscriber identifier:- 24 bit field when organization subscribes to the internet through a provider ,it is assigned. Subnet identifier:- 32 bit field Defines a specific subnetwork under the territory of the subscriber. Node identifier:- 48 bit field Defines the identity of the node connected to a subnet
- 16. Multicast Addresses Used to define a group of hosts instead of just one. Multicast address
- 17. MULTICAST ADDRESS IN IPV6
- 18. A packet sent to a multicast address must be delivered to each member of the group. Second field is a flag that defines the group address , either permanent or transient. A permenent group address is defined by the Internet authorities and can be accessed at all times. A transient group address, on the other hand is used only temporarily.
- 19. Anycast Addresses Address is delivered to only one of the members of the anycast group,the nearest one . One possible use is to assign an anycast address to all routers of an ISP that covers a large logical area in the internet. The router outside the ISP deliver a packet destined for the ISP to the nearest ISP router. No block is assigned for anycast addresses.
- 20. Anycast address
- 21. Reserved Addresses • It start with eight 0s (type prefix is 0000 0000). Reserved addresses in IPv6
- 22. An Unspecified address is used when a host does not know its own address and sends an inquiry to finds its address. A Loopback address is used by a host to test itself without going into network. A Compatible address is used during the transition from IPv4 to IPv6. A Mapped address is also used during the transition.
- 23. Local Addresses It is used when an organization wants to use IPv6 protocol without being connected to the global Internet. They provide addressing for private network.
- 24. Local addresses in IPv6 A link local address is used in an isolated subnet. A site local address is used in an isolated site with several subnet.
- 25. FEATURES •Larger Address Space •No Broadcast •Anycast Support •Mobility •Extensibility
- 26. THANK YOU